Whereas 心意 (shin’i: mind, mind + idea) meets the criterion, that’s not true of 心性 (shinsei: mind, disposition, mind + nature). It doesn’t matter that 
is a transformed version of 心 and that both mean “heart, mind.” I’m concerned here with repeating shapes.
It may seem as if the next compound has repeating shapes, but that’s not the case:
山出 (yamada(shi): country bumpkin) mountain + to come out
The second character isn’t two mountains piled on top of each other but rather 出 ((da(su): to come out). However, 山出し is certainly a fun compound, implying that a country bumpkin is someone fresh off the mountain.
Here’s another that doesn’t quite cut the mustard:
強風 (kyōfū: strong wind) strong + wind
But the compound looks striking nonetheless!
