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Advanced Japanese Lesson: ○○焼き;– Yaki

たこ焼き、たい焼き、お好み焼き。あなたは食べたことがありますか? 文字だけ並べるとよく似ていますが、実は全く違う食べ物です。

まず、たこ焼き。材料は、小麦粉、卵、ネギ、紅しょうがなどで、ボール状に焼くのですが、真ん中に小さく切ったタコが入っています。タコが入っているので「たこ焼き」。分かりやすい名前ですね。

では、たい焼きは? タイは結婚式などのお祝い事に食べられるめでたい魚で、高価であるため、めったに食卓に上ることはありません。たこ焼きにはタコが入っているので、たい焼きにもタイが入っているのだろう…いいえ、残念ながらタイは入っていません。たい焼きには餡子が入っています。ならば「餡子焼き」と呼ぶのが正確なのでしょうけれど、秘密は形にあります。たい焼きは、タイの形をしているのです。ちゃんと胸びれやしっぽまで再現されています。

では、お好み焼きは? 「お好み」という名の何かが入っている、あるいは、食べる人が好む形をしている…? お好み焼きの「お好み」とは、食べる人が好む食材が入っている、という意味です。形は丸く平たいのですが、キャベツ、卵、豚肉、エビ、イカなどがオーソドックスな具材で、たくわんや餅、こんにゃくなど変わったものを入れて焼いてある場合もあります。

「○○焼き」という名前でも、こんなに材料や形が異なるものなんですね。

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“Tako yaki,” “Tai yaki,” “Okonomi yaki”: have you ever eaten any of these things? Just looking at the words themselves, you might think that these are similar foods, but in fact they’re completely different.

First, “Tako yaki” is made using flour, egg, green onion, and red ginger cooked into a ball shape with small pieces of octopus inside. Octopus is called “Tako” in Japanese, so this food is called “Tako yaki.” The name makes perfect sense.

Now, how about “Tai yaki?” “Tai” or sea bream, is a lucky fish eaten at meals during special occasions like weddings. It is also an expensive fish that ordinarily rarely makes its way to the dinner table. So if “Tako yaki” has octopus in it, then does “Tai yaki” have sea bream inside? Unfortunately that is not the case.  ”Tai yaki” is filled with a sweet anko bean paste. This being the case, it might seem like a more accurate name for this food would be “Anko yaki,” but the secret is in its shape. “Tai yaki” is cooked into the shape of a sea bream – with fins, tail and all.

So what about “Okonomi yaki?” Does it have something inside called “Okonomi?” Or is it cooked into the favorite shape of the person eating it? The word “Okonomi” (preference or favorites) in “Okonomi yaki” refers to the fact that the diner’s favorite ingredients are all cooked inside. The shape is round and flat and filled with fairly orthodox ingredients like cabbage, egg, pork, shrimp and squid. But sometimes more unusual ingredients like pickled daikon radish, sticky rice cakes or “konnyaku” (a solidified jelly made from the rhizome of devil’s tongue) are cooked right in.

Even dishes with such similar names can differ greatly in their ingredients and shape.