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Advanced Japanese Lesson – おやつの由来(ゆらい); The origins of “Oyatsu”

昼食からしばらくすると、「少しお腹が空いたな」と間食をする人もいるのではないでしょうか。
日本では、この間食のことを「おやつ」と呼んでいます。

「おやつ」の「やつ」は「八つ」、つまり「8」を意味しています。昔の時刻で「八時」に当たる「八つ刻(やつどき)」は、現在の二時から四時ごろを指しているそうです。
江戸時代、人々は一日二食で暮らしていました。すると「八つ刻」くらいにお腹が空いてくるのですね。昔の人は夕食までの空腹を満たすために、果物や木の実、しだいに団子や煎餅などを口にするようになったとか。

ちなみに、「おやつ」の「お」は大切に思う気持ちを託した丁寧な表現です。それというのも、京都では「八つ」の時刻を告げていたのは人々の信仰が厚い本願寺の太鼓だったから。現在でも、「おやつ」が一つのことばとして使われ、「お」を省略して「やつ」とは言いません。

明治時代に入って新たに時刻制度が導入され、「お三時」とも言うようになりましたが、三時以外の時刻に食べる間食も含めて「おやつ」という呼び方が一般です。

私たちの脳は仕事に勉強に、と常に働いています。カロリーオーバーにならないように注意しつつ、リラックスタイムにおやつを楽しむのも良いですね。

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Just a little while after lunch a lot of people say to themselves “I’m a little bit hungry…” and pick up a snack. In Japan, this snack is called “Oyatsu.” The word “Oyatsu” comes from the word “Yattsu” meaning eight. In the old system for measuring time ‘eight o’clock’ – or “Yattsu doki” – was from the modern day 2pm to about 4pm.

During the Edo period, most people lived on 2 meals a day. This being the case, people would start to get a little bit hungry around ‘eight o’clock.’ It’s said that in the old days people would eat fruits, nuts and sometimes rice cakes or crackers to fill their empty stomachs between breakfast and dinner.

Incidentally, the ‘O’ in “Oyatsu” makes this a polite expression that shows that people feel this is a very important snack. One reason for this is that in Kyoto the hour of ‘eight o’clock’ was tolled by the taiko drums of Honganji temple – a popular spot for the faithful. Even today “Oyatsu” is a single set phrase that is never shortened to just “Yatsu.”

In the Meiji era a new system of keeping time was adopted and some people began saying “Osanji” (referring to three o’clock) but in order to include snacks eaten at other hours of the day as well “Oyatsu” was the most universal expression.

Our brains are always busy working and studying away. But sometimes it’s just nice to relax and have some “Oyatsu” – being careful not to go over our calorie limit of course.