INTRODUCTION |
Naomo: ใใใซใกใฏใใใชใใงใใ |
Kat: Kat here. โSpare Me the Japanese Negativity!โ I'm Kat, and I'm joined in the studio by... |
Naomi: Hello, everyone! Naomi here. |
Kat: ใใชใๅ
็๏ฝ๏ผ |
Naomi: ใฏใใ |
Kat: Upper Intermediate Season5ใฎ็ฌฌ1ๅ็ฎใฎใฌใในใณใงใใญใ |
Naomi: ใใใงใใญใใใกใใฃใจ็ทๅผตใใกใใใพใใญใ |
Kat: ใใใงใใใญโฆโฆใ็งใใ ใฃใฆใใใชใBeginner seriesใใใใใใชใใใฎUpper Intermediateใซใชใฃใใฎใงใ็ทๅผตใใฆใใใพใ(็ฌ) |
Naomi: ใใฎUpper Intermediateใฎใฏใฉในใฏใใในใใฏๅบๅฎใใใซใในใใผใชใผใใจใซๅคใใฆใฟใใใจๆใใพใใ |
Kat: Lesson 1ใจLesson2ใฏใ็งKatใจ |
Naomi: ็งใใชใใๆ
ๅฝใใพใใใใกใใใใธใงใทใผใใใใฏใชในใใใใฆใฆใคใใใใใไปใฎใฌใในใณใง็ปๅ ดใใพใใใ |
Kat: ๆฅฝใใฟใซใใฆใใฆใใ ใใใ |
Naomi: ใฏใใใงใฏใๆฉ้ใฌใในใณใซๅ
ฅใใพใใใใ |
Kat: ใใฎใฌใในใณใงๅๅผทใใๆๆณใฏไฝใงใใ๏ผ |
Naomi: ๅฆๅฎใฎใใใใจใใฌใใฎไฝฟใๆนใงใใ |
Kat: ไปๅใฎไผ่ฉฑใฏ่ชฐใจ่ชฐใฎไผ่ฉฑใชใใงใใ๏ผ |
Naomi: ใๆฏใใใจใๅคงๅญฆ็ใฎๆฏๅญใใใฎไผ่ฉฑใงใใ้ป่ฉฑใง่ฉฑใใฆใใใฟใใใงใใญใ |
ไฟ้บใซใคใใฆ่ฉฑใใฆใใใฎใงใไฟ้บใฎ่ฉฑใใใใจใใซไพฟๅฉใชๅ่ชใใใใใไฝฟใใใฆใใพใใ |
Kat: So in this lesson you'll learn the usage of the negative verb endings ใ and ใฌ. |
This conversation is between a mother and her son in college. They're talking about insurance. So you'll come across vocab words which, unsurprisingly, are related to insurance! They're useful, trust me!(็ฌ) |
Naomi: ใงใฏ่ใใฆใฟใพใใใใ |
DIALOGUE |
ๅชๅคช: ใใใใ๏ผ |
ใๆฏใใ: ใฆใฆใกใใ๏ผไน
ใใถใใๅคงๅญฆใฏใใใๅคไผใฟใซๅ
ฅใฃใใใงใใ๏ผใใคๅธฐใฃใฆใใใฎ๏ผใ็ใซใฏๅธฐใฃใฆใใใใงใใใ |
ๅชๅคช: โฆโฆใใใใใๆๆฅใใๆตทๅคใซไธไบบๆ
ใซ่กใใใจๆใฃใฆใ |
ใๆฏใใ: ๆๆฅ๏ผใพใฃใใโฆโฆใ่ฆชใฎๅฟๅญ็ฅใใใใญใใฆใฆใกใใใๅธฐใฃใฆใใใฎใใใๆฏใใๆฅฝใใฟใซๅพ
ใฃใฆใใใฎใซใใใใไฟ้บใซใฏๅ
ฅใฃใฆใใใฆใใ |
ๅชๅคช: ใชใใ ใใใใใไฟบใๆญปใญใฐใใใจใๆใฃใฆใใใ๏ผ |
ใๆฏใใ: ้ใใใใ็้ฃใจใไบๆ
ใจใใใใญใจใๅคฉ็ฝใจใใใใใใใใชใใงใใใ็ฉบๆธฏใซไฟ้บใฎไปฃ็ๅบใใใใใใใใใงๆตทๅคๆ
่กๅทๅฎณไฟ้บใซๅ
ฅใฃใฆใใ่กใใชใใใ |
ๅชๅคช: ใใผ๏ผ้ใฎ็ก้งใ ใใ |
ใๆฏใใ: ใใใชใใจ่จใใใซๅ ๅ
ฅใใชใใใ่ปขใฐใฌๅ
ใฎๆใฃใฆใใใงใใใใใใใญ๏ผ |
ๅชๅคช: ใฏใใฏใใ |
ใๆฏใใ: ใใฏใใใฏ1ๅใใใใใใ่ฆ็ฅใใฌไบบใซๅฃฐใใใใใใฆใใใคใใฆ่กใฃใใใใกใ ใใใญใ |
ๅชๅคช: ใฏใผใใ |
ใๆฏใใ: ใใใใโฆโฆใ |
ๅชๅคช: ๆฏใใใใใใใใใชใ่ฆช็ฅใใใ็ใใฆใใใใใๆญฏๅป่
ใซ่กใใใ ใใฉใ |
ใๆฏใใ: ใใใชใฎใใใใๆฉใ่กใฃใฆใใชใใใใใใๅใใใใใพใใญใ |
Naomi: ไปๅบฆใฏใ่ฑ่ชใฎ่จณใจไธ็ทใซ่ใใฆใฟใพใใใใ |
ๅชๅคช: ใใใใ๏ผ |
Kat: Hello? |
ใๆฏใใ: ใฆใฆใกใใ๏ผไน
ใใถใใๅคงๅญฆใฏใใใๅคไผใฟใซๅ
ฅใฃใใใงใใ๏ผ |
Kat: Yลซ? It's been ages! It's already university summer vacation, right? |
ใๆฏใใ: ใใคๅธฐใฃใฆใใใฎ๏ผใ็ใซใฏๅธฐใฃใฆใใใใงใใใ |
Kat: When are you coming home? You're coming home for Obon, surely. |
ๅชๅคช: โฆใใใใใๆๆฅใใๆตทๅคใซไธไบบๆ
ใซ่กใใใจๆใฃใฆใ |
Kat: ... About that...starting tomorrow, I was thinking about going on a solitary trip abroad... |
ใๆฏใใ: ๆๆฅ๏ผใพใฃใใโฆโฆใ่ฆชใฎๅฟๅญ็ฅใใใใญใ |
Kat: Kat: Tomorrow? Good grief, children really don't know how much their parents love them. |
ใๆฏใใ: ใฆใฆใกใใใๅธฐใฃใฆใใใฎใใใๆฏใใๆฅฝใใฟใซๅพ
ใฃใฆใใใฎใซใ |
Kat: I was so looking forward to your coming home too... |
ใๆฏใใ: ใใใไฟ้บใซใฏๅ
ฅใฃใฆใใใฆใใ |
Kat: Make sure and get insurance! |
ๅชๅคช: ใชใใ ใใใใใไฟบใๆญปใญใฐใใใจใๆใฃใฆใใใ๏ผ |
Kat: What the โ ? Are you saying it'd be good if I died? (laughs) |
ใๆฏใใ: ้ใใใใ็้ฃใจใไบๆ
ใจใใใใญใจใๅคฉ็ฝใจใใใใใใใใชใใงใใใ |
Kat: No! You might get robbed or have an accident, or there might be terrorism or a natural disaster. |
ใๆฏใใ: ็ฉบๆธฏใซไฟ้บใฎไปฃ็ๅบใใใใใใใใใงๆตทๅคๆ
่กๅทๅฎณไฟ้บใซๅ
ฅใฃใฆใใ่กใใชใใใ |
Kat: There's an insurance agency at the airport, so go AFTER you've registered for overseas travel accident insurance. |
ๅชๅคช: ใใผ๏ผ้ใฎ็ก้งใ ใใ |
Kat: Huh? It's a waste of money. |
ใๆฏใใ: ใๆฏใใ: ใใใชใใจ่จใใใซๅ ๅ
ฅใใชใใใ่ปขใฐใฌๅ
ใฎๆใฃใฆใใใงใใใใใใใญใ |
Kat: Just register without saying things like that, please. Better safe than sorry, right? Are we clear? |
ๅชๅคช: ใฏใใฏใใ |
Kat: Yeah, yeah. |
ใๆฏใใ: ใใฏใใใฏ1ๅใ |
Kat: Just say "yes" once. |
ใๆฏใใ: ใใใใใ่ฆ็ฅใใฌไบบใซๅฃฐใใใใใใฆใใใคใใฆ่กใฃใใใใกใ ใใใญใ |
Kat: And if a stranger talks to you, you mustn't go with him, all right? |
ๅชๅคช: ใฏใผใใ |
Kat: Ye-es. |
ใๆฏใใ: ใใใใโฆโฆใ |
Kat: And another thing... |
ๅชๅคช: ๆฏใใใใใใใใใชใ่ฆช็ฅใใใ็ใใฆใใใใใๆญฏๅป่
ใซ่กใใใ ใใฉใ |
Kat: Mom, that's enough, surely. My wisdom teeth are hurting, so I'm about to go to the dentist. |
ใๆฏใใ: ใใใชใฎใ |
Kat: Oh, really? |
ใๆฏใใ: ใใใๆฉใ่กใฃใฆใใชใใใใใใๅใใใใใพใใญใ |
Well, hurry up and go. I'm hanging up. See you later. |
POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
Naomi: ใใใใ่ฆชใจๅญใฎไผ่ฉฑใงใใใญใ |
Kat: ใญใใThis is the type of conversation you often hear between parents and their loving offspring. |
Naomi: ไปๅใฎใใคใขใญใฐใงใฏใๆตทๅคๆ
่กๅทๅฎณไฟ้บใใจใใใๅคๅฝใซๆ
่กใซ่กใใจใใซๅ
ฅใไฟ้บใซใคใใฆ่ฉฑใใฆใใพใใใใใฉใใงใใ๏ผใญใฃใใใใใฏๆ
่กใใใจใใซใฏไฟ้บใซๅ
ฅใใพใใ๏ผ |
Kat:ใใผใใใใใงใใญใ ็งใฏใใคใๅ
ฅใใใใใใใงใใญใ |
Naomi: ๅ
ฅใใใใใ๏ผ(็ฌ) |
Kat: ๆฏใๅฝผๆฐใซไฟ้บใซๅ
ฅใใใใซ่จใใใพใใ |
Naomi: ใใใ |
Kat: ใ ใใใ็ตๅฑๅ
ฅใใพใใใญ(็ฌ) |
Naomi: ใญใฃใใใใใฎใใจใๅฟ้
ใชใใงใใญใใ |
Kat: ใใใใฏใใๅฟ้
ใใฆใใใพใใญใใใใใใใงใใใฉใญ(็ฌ) |
Naomi: ใจใใใงใไปใญใฃใใใใใฏไฟ้บใซๅ
ฅใฃใฆใใพใใ๏ผๆฎ้ใฎไฟ้บใ |
Kat: ๅฝๆฐๅฅๅบทไฟ้บใซใฏๅ
ฅใฃใฆใใพใใใฉใใใใฏๆฅๆฌใงใฏๆณๅพใชใฎใงใๅผทๅถใงใใใใชใๅ
็ใฏ๏ผ |
Naomi: ใใใใๅ
ฅใฃใฆใใพใใญใผ(็ฌ) ็ๅฝไฟ้บใจใ็คพไผไฟ้บใจใใใพใใ็คพไผไฟ้บใฏๅผทๅถใงใใใฉใ |
Kat: ใใใ็ๅฝไฟ้บใฏ โlife insuranceโ ใงใ็คพไผไฟ้บใฏ โsocial insuranceโ ใงใใญใ |
Naomi: ใฏใใใงใไฟ้บใฎๆฏๆใใ ใใงใๆฏๆๆฌๅฝใซใใใ้้กใซใชใใใงใใใใพใใๆฅๆฌไบบใฏไฟ้บๅฅฝใใงใใใใญ๏ฝใ |
็ๅฝไฟ้บใซใคใใฆใใใฐใ18ๆญณไปฅไธใฎๆฅๆฌไบบใฎ็ด80๏ผ
ใฎไบบใใ็ๅฝไฟ้บใซๅ
ฅใฃใฆใใใใใใงใใใ |
Kat: ใใผใๆฌๅฝใงใใ!?ใใใใชใซ๏ผ ่ฅใไบบใ็ๅฝไฟ้บใซๅ
ฅใฃใฆใใใจใฏใ้ฉใใงใใญใใคใฎใชในใงใฏ10ไปฃใ20ไปฃใฎไบบใฏใปใจใใฉๅ
ฅใฃใฆใชใใจๆใใพใใ |
Youโve probably gathered from what Naomi-sensei just said, Japanese people love Insurance of all kinds, and I was surprised to hear that around 80% of Japanese people over the age of 18 have life insurance. In the UK, I don't think many young people have life insurance at all. ใจใใใงใ ใกใใฃใจๆฐไปใใใใงใใใฉใๆฅๆฌ่ชใ ใจใไฟ้บใซๅ
ฅใใใฃใฆ่จใใใงใใใญใ |
Naomi: ใใใใใใใใใคใณใใงใใญใ่ฑ่ชใ ใจใไฟ้บใ่ฒทใใ"to buy insurance" or "to get insurance" ใจใใไฟ้บใใใใ"to have insurance" ใฃใฆ่จใใงใใใใใฉใๆฅๆฌ่ชใ ใจใไฟ้บใซๅ
ฅใใใจใใไฟ้บใซๅ
ฅใฃใฆใใใใจใใใฎใ่ช็ถใช่จใๆนใงใใญใใใใฏใใใฃใใๅคๅฝไบบใซใจใฃใฆใฏ้้ใใใใใใคใณใใใใใใชใใงใใญใ |
Kat: ใใใงใใญใไปๅใฎใใคใขใญใฐใซใฏใไฟ้บใซๅ ๅ
ฅใใใใ โjoin, or enter, insuranceโ ใจใใใพใใใใใใใใใไฝฟใใพใใใญใ |
Naomi: ใใใใไฝฟใใพใใญใใใใใๅ่ชใ็ขบ่ชใใพใใใใใ |
Kat: OK. Let's take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. |
VOCAB LIST |
Naomi: ๅ ๅ
ฅ |
Kat: sign up for, join |
Naomi: ๅ ๅ
ฅ [slowly - broken down by syllable]ใๅ ๅ
ฅ [natural native speed] |
Kat: Next |
Naomi: ๅคฉ็ฝ |
Kat: natural calamity |
Naomi: ๅคฉ็ฝ [slowly - broken down by syllable]ใๅคฉ็ฝ [natural native speed] |
Kat: Next |
Naomi: ๅทๅฎณไฟ้บ |
Kat: accident insurance |
Naomi: ๅทๅฎณไฟ้บ [slowly - broken down by syllable]ใๅทๅฎณไฟ้บ [natural native speed] |
Kat: Ok, and next |
Naomi: ็้ฃ |
Kat: theft, robbery |
Naomi: ็้ฃ [slowly - broken down by syllable]ใ็้ฃ [natural native speed] |
Kat: And finally |
Naomi: ใใญ |
Kat: terror, terrorism |
Naomi: ใใญ [slowly - broken down by syllable]ใใใญ [natural native speed] |
VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE |
Kat: ใงใฏๅ่ชใใใฌใผใบใๅๅผทใใพใใใใ |
Naomi: ใฏใใใใฎใฌใในใณใงใฏใใใจใใใ2ใค็ดนไปใใใใจๆใใพใใ |
Kat: You're going to introduce us to two proverbs? ใใใงใใญใๆๅใฎใใจใใ โproverbโ ใฏไฝใงใใ๏ผ |
Naomi: ่ฆชใฎๅฟๅญ็ฅใใ |
Kat: "There's no love like a parent's." |
Naomi: ใใผใใ็ขบใใซใใฎ่ฑ่ชใฎ่จณใฏใ่พๆธใซ่ผใฃใฆใใใใงใใใฉใใกใใฃใจใใฅใขใณในใๅคใใใใชใจๆใใใงใใญ๏ฝใ |
Kat: ใใใชใใงใใ๏ผ |
Naomi: ใใใใ่ฆชใฎๅฟใใจใใใฎใฏใ่ฆชใฎๆฐๆใกใใจใใใ่ฆชใ่ใใฆใใใใจใใจใใๆๅณใชใใงใใญใใๅญ็ฅใใใใใใใฏใๅญใใฏใๅญไพใใใ็ฅใใใใฏใ็ฅใใชใใใจใใๆๅณใงใใใ ใใใใๅญ็ฅใใใใฏใๅญไพใฏ็ฅใใชใใใจใใๅญไพใซใฏใใใใชใใใจใใๆๅณใ |
Kat: ใใใใ่ฆชใฎๆฐๆใกใฏๅญไพใซใฏใใใใชใใใจใใๆๅณใงใใญ๏ผ |
Naomi: ใใใงใใใ่ฆชใใฉใใชใซๅญไพใฎใใจใๆใฃใฆใใใใๅฟ้
ใใฆใใใใฃใฆใใใฎใฏใๅญไพใซใฏใใใใชใใใจใใๆๅณใชใใงใใญใ |
Kat: I see. So it's really more like "Children don't know how much their parents really care about them." |
Naomi: ใใใใพใใใใใใใ่ฆชใฏใใใใใใใฎใ ใ๏ฝใจใใๆๅณใชใฎใงใ่ฑ่ชใฎThere's no love like a parent's ใจไผผใฆใใใจใใใใพใใใฉใญใ |
Kat: ใชใใปใฉใใ่ฆชใฎๅฟๅญ็ฅใใใใ |
Naomi: ใใ่ใใพใใญใ็นใซใใ็ถใใใจใใๆฏใใใไฝฟใใพใใญใใใ๏ฝใใ่ฆชใฎๅฟๅญ็ฅใใใ ใชใใใจใใใญใฃใใใใใฎใๆฏใใใใใฃใจ่จใฃใฆใใใใ(็ฌ๏ผ |
Kat: ใพใใๆฅๆฌ้ทใใใพใใฎใงใใใถใๅฟ้
ใใฆใใใฆใใ ใใใชใใจใๆใใใงใใใฉ(็ฌ) ใใชใๅ
็ใฎใๆฏใใใ่จใฃใฆใใใงใใญใใชใใ(็ฌ) |
Naomi: ใใใใใใใใ่จใใใพใ(็ฌ๏ผใ่ฆชใฎๅฟๅญ็ฅใใใชใใ ใใใใใจใ(็ฌ) |
Kat: ใใใใๆฌกใฎ โproverbโ ใใจใใใฏ๏ผ |
Naomi: ่ปขใฐใฌๅ
ใฎๆ |
Kat: "A stitch in time saves nine", or "Better safe than sorry" in English. |
Naomi: ใ่ปขใฐใฌใใฏใ่ปขใฐใชใใใจใใๆๅณใงใใใๅ
ใใฏใๅใใจๅใๆๅณใใๆใใฏๆญฉใใจใใซไฝฟใๆฃใฎใใจใงใใ |
Kat: ่ฑ่ชใ ใจ โcaneโ ใจใ โwalking stickโ ใงใใญใ |
Naomi: ใฏใใใ ใใใ่ปขใฐใฌๅ
ใฎๆใใฏใใ่ปขใฐใชใๅใซๆใไฝฟใฃใใปใใใใใงใใใใจใใๆๅณใชใใงใใญใใๅใใฃใฆๆฐใใคใใใใๆบๅใใใฆใใใฐใๅคฑๆใใใใจใฏใชใใใจใใๆๅณใชใใงใใ |
Kat: I see. So It's meant to highlight the importance of being prepared before something bad happens. Right? |
Naomi: ใฏใใ |
Kat: ใ่ปขใฐใฌๅ
ใฎๆใใงใใใใใผใใ่ฆใใฆใใใพใ(็ฌ) |
Naomi: ใใคใขใญใฐใงใฏใ่ปขใฐใฌๅ
ใฎๆใชใใ ใใใไฟ้บใซๅ
ฅใใชใใใใฃใฆใๆฏใใใ่จใฃใฆใใใใงใใใใญใใใใใๅพฉ็ฟใใพใใใใใใญใฃใใใใใ่ฑ่ชใงๅ้กใ้กใใใพใใ |
Kat: Listeners, what's the Japanese proverb meaning "Children don't know how much their parents care about them." |
(Wait for 10 seconds) OK. What's the answer? |
Naomi: ่ฆชใฎๅฟๅญ็ฅใใ |
Kat: ่ฆชใฎๅฟๅญ็ฅใใใOK. So on to the next question. What's the Japanese proverb corresponds to "Better safe than sorry"? |
(Wait for 10 seconds) OK. ใใชใๅ
็ What's the answer? |
Naomi: ่ปขใฐใฌๅ
ใฎๆ |
Kat: ่ปขใฐใฌๅ
ใฎๆใ |
Naomi: ใใผใใ่จใใซใใใงใใญใ |
Kat: ใใผใใใใฌใใจใใใใฏ โnegativeโ ใงใใใ้ฃใใใงใใญใ |
Naomi: ใใใใใใ้ฃใใใงใใญใใใใใใใฎใฌใในใณใฎๆๆณใใคใณใใงใใ |
Kat: OK. On to the grammar section! |
Lesson focus
|
Naomi: ใใฎใฌใในใณใฎใฐใฉใใผใใคใณใใฏๅฆๅฎใ่กจใใใใใจใใฌใใงใใ็ฐกๅใซ่จใใฐใใใใใใใฌใใ โnegativeโใฎใใชใใใจๅใใใใชๆๅณใงใใญใ |
Kat: In this lesson you'll learn the usage of two negative markers ใ and ใฌ. |
Naomi: ไธกๆนใจใๅ่ฉใๅฆๅฎใใใฎใซไฝฟใใพใใใพใใๅฝขใใ็ดนไปใใพใใใใ |
Kat: Both ใ and ใฌ are used to negate verbs. First of all, let us introduce you to the formation. |
Naomi: ๅ่ฉใฎใใชใformใใฎใใชใใใฎไปฃใใใซใใใใใใใฌใใใคใใพใใไพใใฐใ็ฅใ (Kat: to know)ใใฎ โnegativeโ ใฏใ็ฅใใชใ (Kat: don't know)ใใใใใใ็ฅใใใใ็ฅใใฌใ ใซใชใใพใใ |
Kat: ่ฆใ "to look" ใฏใ่ฆใชใ "don't see" ใ ใใ๏ผ |
Naomi: ใ่ฆใใใ่ฆใฌใใงใใญใ |
Kat: ๆฅใใ"to come" becomesโ? |
Naomi: ใใใใใใใฌใ ๅฝขใฏ็ฐกๅใงใใใงใใไธใคใ ใไพๅคใใใใพใใฎใง่ฆใใฆใใ ใใใใใ "to do" ใใใใใใใใฌใใซใชใใพใใใใใฏ่ฆใใฆใใพใฃใฆใใ ใใใ |
Kat: Right. Be careful when you change ใใ "to do" into its ใ or ใฌform. Even though its ใชใform is ใใชใ, the ใ and ใฌforms are not ใใ or ใใฌ but ใใ and ใใฌ. ใใ is an irregular verb, as you know, so it's an exception to the rule in this case too. |
Naomi: ๆฌกใซใๆๅณใ็ขบ่ชใใพใใใใใใใใฏ ใใชใใฆใใจใใๆๅณใงใใไพใใฐใใ่ฆใใใชใใ่ฆใชใใฆใใจใใๆๅณใงใใใใชใใฆใใฏใใฆformใใชใฎใงใๅพใใซใฏๆฎ้ใฏๆใ็ถใใพใใใญใใงใใใใใใใใฏๆ็ซ ใฎ็ใไธญใซใใใใจใๅคใใงใใ |
Kat: ใใใใไพๆใใ้กใใใพใใ |
Naomi: ้ฃ็ตกใใงใใใ็ณใ่จณใใใใพใใใงใใใ |
Kat: ใใใฏใใ้ฃ็ตกใใงใใชใใฆใ็ณใ่จณใใใใพใใใงใใใ"I'm deeply sorry that I couldn't contact you."ใจๅใใงใใญใ |
Naomi: ใฏใใใใจใใใใซใใจใใๅฝขใงใใใไฝฟใใใพใใใใใซใใฏใใชใใงใใจๅใๆๅณใงใใไพใใฐใใ่พๆธใไฝฟใใใซใๅฐ่ชฌใ่ชญใฟใชใใใใฏใ่พๆธใไฝฟใใชใใงใๅฐ่ชฌใ่ชญใฟใชใใใ(Kat: Please read novels without using a dictionary.)ใจๅใๆๅณใงใใ |
Kat: ใใใใใฌใใฎๆๅณใฏใชใใงใใ๏ผ How about the usage of ใฌ? |
Naomi: ใใฌใใฏๅคใไฝฟใๆนใชใฎใงใใปใใใใฌใผใบใฎไธญใงไฝฟใใใใใจใๅคใใจๆใใพใใๆฅ็ถ่ฉใจใๅ่ฉใฎๅใซๅบใฆใใใใจใๅคใใงใใญใ |
Kat: So a classical negative marker, ใฌ is used in set expressions and often appears before nouns. |
Naomi: ไพใใฐใ็ฅใใฌๅ ดๆใใ |
Kat: "a place I don't know" |
Naomi: ใ็ฅใใชใๅ ดๆใใจใใๆๅณใงใใใญใใใจใฏใไบๆใใฌๅบๆฅไบใใ |
Kat: "an unexpected incident" |
Naomi: ใไบๆใใใใจใใใฎใฏใไบๆณใใใใจๅคงไฝๅใใใใชๆๅณใงใใญใใงใใใใใไบๆใใฌๅบๆฅไบใใฏใไบๆใใชใใใใใใฏใไบๆณใใชใๅบๆฅไบใใจใใๆๅณใงใใ |
Kat: ใใใใจใใฌใใฏ้ฃใใใงใใญใใฉใกใใไฝฟใใใใใใใชใใจใใใใใพใใ |
Naomi: ใใใงใใญใใงใใใใใใฏใใใซใใจไธ็ทใซไฝฟใใใใใๆ็ซ ใฎ็ใไธญใซๅบใฆใใใใใใซๅคงใใฆใใใฌใใฏๅ่ฉ "noun" ใๆฅ็ถ่ฉ "conjunction" ใฎๅใซๅบใฆใใใใจ่ฆใใฆใใใฐๅคงไฝๅคงไธๅคซใ ใจๆใใพใใ |
Kat: ใใฃใใใ่ฆชใฎๅฟๅญ็ฅใใใใฃใฆ็ดนไปใใพใใใใญใใใจใใ่ฆช็ฅใใใโwisdom teethโ ใจใใ่จ่ใใใคใขใญใฐใซๅบใฆใใพใใใใใใฏใใใใๆๅพใซใคใใฆใใพใใใฉใใฉใใใฆใงใใ๏ผ |
Naomi: ใ๏ผใใใฏใใ่ณชๅใงใใญ(็ฌ)ใใใถใใใใใฏใใจใใจๆ็ซ ใฎไธ้จใ ใฃใใใใใใชใใงใใใญใใ่ฆชใฎๅฟใๅญไพใฏ็ฅใใใซใใใใใใ็ญใใชใฃใใใใใชใใงใใใใใญใ |
ใใจใใ่ฆช็ฅใใใใฏใ่ฆชใ็ฅใใใซ็ใใฆใใใใจใใใพใใใใฃใฑใใใใๆ็ซ ใฎไธ้จใ ใฃใใใใใชใใใจๆใใพใใญใ |
Kat: ใใใใใฎใฏใใปใใใใฌใผใบใจใใฆ่ฆใใใปใใใใใงใใใญใ |
Naomi: ใใใงใใญใใปใใใใฌใผใบใจใใฆ่ฆใใกใใฃใฆใใ ใใใใญใฃใใใใใฏใใใใจใใใฌใใฃใฆใใใไฝฟใใพใใ๏ผ |
Kat: ใใผใใDo I often use zu and nu in Japanese?ใใใผใใๅญฆๅ็ โacademicโ ๅญฆๅ็ใชๆ็ซ ใงใใใฎใๅ่ฉใฎๆๅพใซใใใใไฝฟใใพใใใใฎใๅคๅฝไบบๅใใฎๆ็งๆธใจใใใใชใใฆใๆฅๆฌไบบใๆฎ้ใซ่ชญใๆฌใจใใๆฐ่ใซใฏๆฌๅฝใซใใไฝฟใใใฆใใพใใใญใ |
Outro
|
Naomi: ใใใงใใญใใใกใใJLPTใซใใใๅบใฆใใๆๆณใงใใฎใงใใใฒใPDFใใใ่ชญใใงใใใฆใใ ใใใ |
Kat: ใใใงใฏใพใใ |
Naomi: ใใใใชใใ |
Comments
Hide