Learn about comparison in casual speech and polite speech
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Rebecca: Do a little more to make your Japanese better. |
| Naomi: Naomiです。 |
| Rebecca: Rebecca here. |
| Naomi: 今日もよろしくお願いします。 |
| Rebecca: 今日もよろしくお願いします。お元気ですか、なおみ先生。 |
| Naomi: はい、元気です。元気ですか。 |
| Rebecca: はい、元気ですよ。 Okay so in today’s lesson, we are going to be comparing casual speech and polite speech again. |
| Naomi: そうです. |
| Rebecca: We are going to look at how to do these with irregular verbs. |
| Naomi: Which are します and きます. |
| Rebecca: That’s right. In today’s dialogue, we are going to be joining Fabriziio and Fuyukasan again. |
| Naomi: And they are at Kompirasan, the Kotohira shrine in Shikoku. |
| Rebecca: As we mentioned in the previous lesson, the Kotohira shrine in Shikoku which is also called Kompirasan. That’s the name of the mountain. This is famous for its long steep stone steps and I think in today’s dialogue, they will be climbing them. Is that right? |
| Naomi: そうですね。. I think so too. |
| Rebecca: And they get a phone call from someone. |
| Naomi: そうそうそう. Please listen to see who is calling. |
| DIALOGUE |
| （こんぴらさんの長い階段で） |
| ファブリツィオ: まだ ですか。急で 長い階段ですね。ふー。 |
| 冬果: もうちょっとです。この階段は 長くて 有名ですよ。 |
| （電話） |
| 冬果: もしもし？あ、お母さん。今？こんぴらさん。え？今から お父さん |
| と 来るの？うん。そっか。うん、そうそう。じゃ、どうするの？う |
| ん。じゃ、また電話する。じゃぁね。 |
| （カチャ） |
| （電話） |
| ファブリツィオ: はい。ファブリツィオです。あ、クルミさん。今？こんぴらさんで |
| す。え、本当ですか？今から 来ますか？ああ。そうですか。はい、 |
| そうです。じゃ、どうしますか？ええ。では また 電話します。失礼 |
| します。(カチャ) |
| Naomi: もう一度おねがいします。今度はゆっくりお願いします。 |
| （こんぴらさんの長い階段で） |
| ファブリツィオ: まだ ですか。急で 長い階段ですね。ふー。 |
| 冬果: もうちょっとです。この階段は 長くて 有名ですよ。 |
| （電話） |
| 冬果: もしもし？あ、お母さん。今？こんぴらさん。え？今から お父さん |
| と 来るの？うん。そっか。うん、そうそう。じゃ、どうするの？う |
| ん。じゃ、また電話する。じゃぁね。 |
| （カチャ） |
| （電話） |
| ファブリツィオ: はい。ファブリツィオです。あ、クルミさん。今？こんぴらさんで |
| す。え、本当ですか？今から 来ますか？ああ。そうですか。はい、 |
| そうです。じゃ、どうしますか？ええ。では また 電話します。失礼 |
| します。(カチャ) |
| Naomi: 今度は英語が入ります。 |
| （こんぴらさんの長い階段で） |
| (on the long stairs of Konpirasan) |
| ファブリツィオ: まだ ですか。急で 長い階段ですね。ふー。 |
| FABRIZIO: Are we there yet? This stairs are steep and long. |
| 冬果: もうちょっとです。この階段は 長くて 有名ですよ。 |
| FUYUKA: We are almost there. These stairways are famous for its length. |
| （電話） |
| (Telephone call) |
| 冬果: もしもし？あ、お母さん。今？こんぴらさん。え？今から お父さん |
| と 来るの？うん。そっか。うん、そうそう。じゃ、どうするの？う |
| ん。じゃ、また電話する。じゃぁね。 |
| FUYUKA: Hello. Hi, mom. Now? We are at Konpirasan. What? You are |
| coming with Dad now? Yes, I see. Yeah, that’s right. What are you |
| gonna do then? Got it, I'll call you again. Later. |
| （カチャ） |
| (Hang up the phone) |
| （電話） |
| (Telephone call) |
| ファブリツィオ: はい。ファブリツィオです。あ、クルミさん。今？こんぴらさんで |
| す。え、本当ですか？今から 来ますか？ああ。そうですか。はい、 |
| そうです。じゃ、どうしますか？ええ。では また 電話します。失礼 |
| します。 |
| FABRIZIO: Hello, this is Fabrizio. Hi, Kurumi. Now? I'm at Konpirasan. Really? |
| Are you coming now? I see. Yes, that's right. What are you going to |
| do then? OK, I'll give you a call again. Bye! |
| (カチャ) |
| (Hang up the phone) |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Rebecca: You may have noticed that the name of the shrine that we have been looking at in the conversations recently is actually technically it is the Kotohira shrine right? |
| Naomi: はい、そうですね。 Kompirasan is a nickname of Kotohira Jingu. |
| Rebecca: Okay so the shrine is called Kotohira but why do people call it Kompirasan then? |
| Naomi: I think the name of the mountain the shrine is on is Kompirayama or Kompirasan. |
| Rebecca: Oh I see yeah. Actually I have heard that before with other religious institutions like this what’s it called |
| Naomi: Naritasan. |
| Rebecca: Well there is Naritasan and there is really famous one I am thinking of. I can’t think what it’s called Koyasan, that’s there. |
| Naomi: The big Buddhist temple. |
| Rebecca: Yeah it’s like a whole monastic. It’s a complex right? |
| Naomi: すごい大きいですよ。I have been there. |
| Rebecca: Well have you? |
| Naomi: Yeah and it’s huge. |
| Rebecca: Right. So the whole thing is called Koyasan isn’t it but there is individual temples with different names probably on the mountain. Okay so in this case we are referring to the Kotohira shrine as Kompirasan but we mean the shrine complex on Mount Kompira right? |
| Naomi: そうです。 |
| Rebecca: Okay well let’s have a look at the vocabulary from today’s dialogue. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Rebecca:First item. |
| Naomi: 急 |
| Rebecca: Urgent, sudden or steep. This is a Na-Adjective. |
| Naomi: (slow)きゅう (natural speed)急 |
| Rebecca: Next. |
| Naomi: 階段 |
| Rebecca: Stairs. |
| Naomi: (slow)かいだん (natural speed)階段 |
| Rebecca: Next. |
| Naomi: する |
| Rebecca: To do. This is a class 3 verb. |
| Naomi: (slow) する(natural speed)する |
| Rebecca: Next item. |
| Naomi: 来る |
| Rebecca: To come. This is a class 3 verb. |
| Naomi: (slow) くる (natural speed)来る |
| Rebecca: Next. |
| Naomi: 失礼 |
| Rebecca: Discourtesy, impoliteness. |
| Naomi: (slow) しつれい (natural speed)失礼 |
| Rebecca: Last. |
| Naomi: 失礼します |
| Rebecca: Excuse me. |
| Naomi: (slow) しつれいします (natural speed)失礼します |
| Rebecca: Now we are going to have a look at a phrase from the dialogue Naomi Sensei, can you say it for us please. |
| Naomi: もうちょっとです。 |
| Rebecca: Which means just a little bit further and breaking this up into its component parts, we have… |
| Naomi: もう |
| Rebecca: Meaning again or more. |
| Naomi: ちょっと |
| Rebecca: A little, a few. |
| Naomi: です |
| Rebecca: Copula. In Style You and Beyond Lesson 9, we came cross the word もう meaning already. That もう and more as in もうちょと have different meanings and different pronunciations. So I am going to leave this up to Naomi Sensei to make sure we get the accents right but the one we came across in today’s’ dialogue means more or again. It’s a bit further. It’s hard to explain in English because in Japanese its もう and English its more. So they sound really similar. |
| Naomi: そうですね。 |
| Rebecca: Any way, もう means more but the more we came across before in Style You and Beyond #9 means already. |
| Naomi: そうです。もう |
| Rebecca: And what was the phrase that we… |
| Naomi: もう1時です。 |
| Rebecca: It’s already 1 o’ clock. |
| Naomi: そうです。 |
| Rebecca: So these two words are different. The sentence from today’s dialogue that we are going to look at in some detail is. |
| Naomi: この階段は長くて有名ですよ。 |
| Rebecca: Here we are getting another chance to look at combining adjectives. |
| Naomi: そうです。 |
| Rebecca:長くて有名です。 |
| Naomi:There are two verb conjunction sentences in today’s dialogue right? |
| Rebecca: Yeah right. |
| Naomi: Fabrizio said 急で長い階段ですね. |
| Rebecca: Stay away, that is steep and long. |
| Naomi: It is steep and long. In the second line, Fuyuka said この階段は長くて有名ですよ It means this staircase is long. Therefore its famous. |
| Rebecca: Right so it is not actually a therefore which is there is no word in there that means therefore but there is a logical connection. The second adjective is the result of the first one. |
| Naomi: そうです。 |
| Rebecca: Okay so some other examples of this. |
| Naomi: このパンは、美味しくて有名ですよ。 |
| Rebecca: So this bread is tasty and it’s famous. So it’s famous for being tasty. All right. Can you give us one more? |
| Naomi: ファブリツィオは声が大きくてうるさいです。 |
| Rebecca: Okay so Fabrizio has a loud voice and he is kind of irritating. Well he is kind of noisy. So the second adjective うるさい is a logical result of his voice being 大きい. Is that what you mean? |
| Naomi: そうですね。 |
| Rebecca: I see I’ve actually never really thought about that before but I understand what you mean. So in this case, the stairs are famous for being long. It’s a very long staircase. It’s famous for that. All right. Now let’s have a look at the grammar point. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Rebecca:We will be looking at class 3 verbs. |
| Naomi: はい、そうです。 |
| Rebecca: The irregulars but there are only two. |
| Naomi: Yes. |
| Rebecca: We love Japanese. Okay so the sentence from the dialogue was. |
| Naomi: また電話する。 |
| Rebecca: I will call you again or I will call you later. The verb します is here in its dictionary form which is |
| Naomi: する |
| Rebecca: The other class 3 verb which we have looked at so far is |
| Naomi: 来ます |
| Rebecca: And in its dictionary form, it becomes |
| Naomi: 来る |
| Rebecca: The best way to handle these verbs is just to remember them and you come across them all the time in Japanese either in their ます form or in their dictionary form. So either as する or しますor 来る or 来ます and again just to remind that the difference in usage between these two forms between the dictionary and the ます form is about politeness or if you want to look it up in the dictionary, then you have to put it in the dictionary form but if you are going to actually use it, make sure that you are aware of your relationship to the person who is speaking to you. So if it’s Sensei, you say しますand |
| Naomi: 来ます |
| Rebecca: Right but if it’s your friend, you can say |
| Naomi: する and 来る. If you want to make a casual question form. |
| Rebecca: Yes. |
| Naomi: Usually we don’t put Ka at the end of the sentence. |
| Rebecca: するか or 来るか |
| Naomi: It’s correct but it sounds bit masculine. |
| Rebecca: So that’s when we say with rising intonation. |
| Naomi: そうです or のbut no sounds bit feminine. |
| Rebecca: Doesn’t no also imply because I have given a lot of thought to の. Doesn’tの mean that you have some reason for asking the question するの 来るの means they have said something and you are like, what oh you are coming? You are already kind of you are basing it on something you’ve heard. |
| Naomi: Kind of confirming. |
| Rebecca: That’s right yeah confirming. |
| Naomi: そうですそうです。The easiest way is just rise the intonation. |
| Rebecca: So how would I say are you coming? |
| Naomi: 来る |
| Rebecca: Alright, and will you find them? |
| Naomi: 電話する |
| Rebecca: Yeah okay. So hopefully you could hear there that Naomi Sensei’s voice went up at the end of the sentence. So just one more time can we have 来る and する with rising intonation. |
| Naomi: 来る？する？ |
Outro |
| Rebecca: みなさん、大丈夫ですか。Did you get that? We will see you next week. In the meantime, check out the PDF. |
| Naomi: じゃあまた。 |
| DIALOGUE |
| ファブリツィオ: まだ ですか。急で 長い階段ですね。ふー。 |
| 冬果: もうちょっとです。この階段は 長くて 有名ですよ。 |
| （電話） |
| 冬果: もしもし？あ、お母さん。今？こんぴらさん。え？今から お父さん |
| と 来るの？うん。そっか。うん、そうそう。じゃ、どうするの？う |
| ん。じゃ、また電話する。じゃぁね。 |
| （カチャ） |
| （電話） |
| ファブリツィオ: はい。ファブリツィオです。あ、クルミさん。今？こんぴらさんで |
| す。え、本当ですか？今から 来ますか？ああ。そうですか。はい、 |
| そうです。じゃ、どうしますか？ええ。では また 電話します。失礼 |
| します。(カチャ) |
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59 Comments
HideMina-san, do you like stairs?
Hi Pablo Ignacio Scaletta,
Thank you for your comment and I'm sorry for the late reply.
Yes, in Japanese adjectives also conjugate just like verbs.
They have negative form, past form, past negative form... and also other forms.
By the way, there are long stairs and slopes especially in old places in Japan,
but barrier-free design has been increasing recently.
I hope you will like to walk around here in Japan☺️
Sincerely,
Miho
Team JapanesePod101.com
Hello,
I noticed that in Japanese both verbs and adjectives are conjugated. The adjective bit is a little confusing to me, because in the languages I speak (namely Spanish, English and Portuguese) only verbs are conjugated. In what contexts are adjectives conjugated in Japanese? And back to the topic of your question, no. I don't like stairs at all, mainly because I've got a walking handicap and they can sometimes be a true nuisance to me.
Thank you.
Andyさん
コメントありがとうございます😄
はい、それは大丈夫ですよ😇👍
Please let us know if you have any questions :)
Sincerely
Ryoma
Team JapanesePod101.com
階段は嫌いですが、エレベーターは大好きです。😜
質問があります。
カジュアルスピーチでは、"電話する”と“何する”は大丈夫ですか。
どうもありがとうございます！
bayaniさん
Thank you so much for your comment😄
It means "Sorry for interrupting."
Please let us know if you have any questions :)
Sincerely
Ryoma
Team JapanesePod101.com
shitsurei shimasu
what does it mean?
arigatou
Hi Raymond,
Thank you for your comment!
壊れています is used to say that the state of the result of the action (=壊れました) continues.
壊れました is used to just say that the action happened.
Hi Rachel,
Thank you for posting!
そうですね。私も、長い階段はちょっと…。
Hope you enjoy learning Japanese with us!
Sincerely,
Miho
Team JapanesePod101.com
階段はちょっと...
Hi 先生、
The lessons are easy to follow and informative.
However, I have a question! Could you please explain the difference between そのエレベーターは(壊れています) and そのエレベーターは(壊れました). When do we the former and when do we use the latter?
Thank you so much!
Hi qq,
Thank you for the comment! Sorry we didn't reply earlier.
A word 今日 is read as きょう or sometimes こんにち, while it is read as いま when 今 is used alone. As for kun and on readings, the following video would help you.
Ask a Japanese Teacher! ON or KUN reading?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KZUqtPDX_Gk
Keep studying with JapanesePod101.com
Cheers,
Miki(美希)
Team JapanesePod101.com