Learn about offering food in casual speech
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| INTRODUCTION | |
| Rebecca: What great things is your Japanese cooking up? | |
| Naomi: Naomi です。 | |
| Rebecca: Hello Rebecca here. | |
| Naomi: こんにちは、レベッカさん。 | |
| Rebecca: こんにちは、 Naomi Sensei, お元気ですか。 | |
| Naomi: 元気です。 So what are we looking at today? | |
| Rebecca: Today we are going to look at something really important. We are going to look at the difference between verbs when they are in their dictionary form and when they are in the mas- form. | |
| Naomi: 難しい。 | |
| Rebecca: Well luckily Japanese I don’t think this is as difficult grammatically as English. Most of the verbs obey their rules very obediently. Anyway, so we are going to look at that and we are going to pay attention to the differences in the use of these two verb forms like who you use, which verb form with. You know matters of politeness. | |
| Naomi: そうですね。 | |
| Rebecca: So there is a lot in today’s lesson. | |
| Naomi: はい。大変。 | |
| Rebecca: Yeah so it’s going to be bit tricky but 頑張りましょう. Okay so where is today’s conversation taking place? | |
| Naomi: Fuyuka さんの家 | |
| Rebecca: At Fuyuka’s home and the conversation is between | |
| Naomi: ファブリツィオと冬果さんのお母さん Fabrizio and Fuyuka’s mother それから、冬果とお母さん Fuyuka and her mother. | |
| Rebecca: Right. So we are going to be hearing polite Japanese in the conversation between Fabrizio and Fuyuka’s mother but we can expect to hear casual Japanese when Fuyuka and her mom are speaking. Is that right? | |
| Naomi: そうです。 | |
| Rebecca: Okay so let’s listen to the dialogue. | |
| DIALOGUE | |
| （トントントン あるくおと・カチャ ドアのおと） | |
| ファブリツィオ: （あくび；ファーア）おはようございます。みなさん。 | |
| お母さん: おはようございます。ファブリツィオさん。朝ごはん、いかがです | |
| か。いつも、ファブリツィオさんは、何を 食べますか。ご飯？パ | |
| ン？シリアル？ヨーグルト？それとも フルーツ？ | |
| ファブリツィオ: （あくび；ファーア）いつも、朝ごはんは 食べません。でも…じ | |
| ゃ、ヨーグルトと フルーツを お願いします。 | |
| （ドア；カチャ） | |
| 冬果: （あくび；ファーア）おはよう。 | |
| お母さん: あら、冬果。おはよう。何 食べる？ | |
| 冬果: （あくび；ファーア）じゃ、トースト 食べる。 | |
| Naomi: もう一度おねがいします。今度はゆっくりお願いします。 | |
| （トントントン あるくおと・カチャ ドアのおと） | |
| ファブリツィオ: （あくび；ファーア）おはようございます。みなさん。 | |
| お母さん: おはようございます。ファブリツィオさん。朝ごはん、いかがです | |
| か。いつも、ファブリツィオさんは、何を 食べますか。ご飯？パ | |
| ン？シリアル？ヨーグルト？それとも フルーツ？ | |
| ファブリツィオ: （あくび；ファーア）いつも、朝ごはんは 食べません。でも…じ | |
| ゃ、ヨーグルトと フルーツを お願いします。 | |
| （ドア；カチャ） | |
| 冬果: （あくび；ファーア）おはよう。 | |
| お母さん: あら、冬果。おはよう。何 食べる？ | |
| 冬果: （あくび；ファーア）じゃ、トースト 食べる。 | |
| Naomi: 今度は英語が入ります。 | |
| （トントントン あるくおと・カチャ ドアのおと） | |
| (walking sounds, door opens) | |
| ファブリツィオ: （あくび；ファーア）おはようございます。みなさん。 | |
| FABRIZIO: (yawning) Good morning, everybody! | |
| お母さん: おはようございます。ファブリツィオさん。朝ごはん、いかがです | |
| か。いつも、ファブリツィオさんは、何を 食べますか。ご飯？パ | |
| ン？シリアル？ヨーグルト？それとも フルーツ？ | |
| MOTHER: Good Morning, Fabrizio. How about some breakfast? What do you | |
| usually eat? Rice? Bread? Cereal? Yogurt? Or fruit? | |
| ファブリツィオ: （あくび；ファーア）いつも、朝ごはんは 食べません。でも…じ | |
| ゃ、ヨーグルトと フルーツを お願いします。 | |
| FABRIZIO: (Yawning) Usually I never eat breakfast. But, Yogurt and fruit, | |
| please. | |
| （ドア；カチャ） | |
| (door open) | |
| 冬果: （あくび；ファーア）おはよう。 | |
| FUYUKA: (Yawning) Good morning. | |
| お母さん: あら、冬果。おはよう。何 食べる？ | |
| MOTHER: Oh, Fuyuka, good morning. What would you like to eat? | |
| 冬果: （あくび；ファーア）じゃ、トースト 食べる。 | |
| FUYUKA: (Yawning) I'll have some toast. | |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER | |
| Rebecca:Naomi Sensei 先生、朝ごはんは何を食べますか。 What do you have for breakfast? | |
| Naomi: いつも食べません。I don’t eat breakfast. | |
| Rebecca: You always skip breakfast. それは良くないですよ。 | |
| Naomi: それはそうなんですよ。 | |
| Rebecca: That’s not very good for you, is it? | |
| Naomi: そうですね。When I have time, I’d like to have rice and 納豆 | |
| Rebecca: Wow that’s really healthy. | |
| Naomi: So でも I usually don’t have time. | |
| Rebecca: Okay because my next question was going to be, does your mom make you breakfast? | |
| Naomi: 私の母は、作りません。 My mother doesn’t cook breakfast for me. | |
| Rebecca: Well Fabrizio and Fuyuka are very lucky. | |
| Naomi: そうですね。What about you Rebecca さん、朝ごはん、何を食べますか。 | |
| Rebecca: What do I eat? シリアルとヨーグルトとフルーツを食べます。 | |
| Naomi: You eat cereal, yogurt and fruit? | |
| Rebecca: Yes every day. | |
| Naomi: すごい。ヘルシーですね。 | |
| Rebecca: Well 納豆 is healthy too that you have but I usually don’t need breakfast so. So why don’t we have a look at the vocabulary we will be focusing on today. | |
| VOCAB LIST | |
| Rebecca:First item. | |
| Naomi: みなさん | |
| Rebecca: Next. | |
| Naomi: 朝ごはん | |
| Rebecca: Breakfast. | |
| Naomi: (slow) あさごはん (natural speed) 朝ごはん | |
| Rebecca: Next item. | |
| Naomi: ご飯 | |
| Rebecca: Cooked rice or meal. | |
| Naomi: (slow) ごはん (natural speed) ご飯 | |
| Rebecca: Next. | |
| Naomi: パン | |
| Rebecca: Bread. | |
| Naomi: (slow) ぱん (natural speed) パン | |
| Rebecca: Next. | |
| Naomi: シリアル | |
| Rebecca: Cereal. | |
| Naomi: (slow)しりある (natural speed)シリアル | |
| Rebecca: Next. | |
| Naomi: ヨーグルト | |
| Rebecca: Yogurt. | |
| Naomi: (slow) ヨーグルト(natural speed)ヨーグルト | |
| Rebecca: Next. | |
| Naomi: フルーツ | |
| Rebecca: Fruit. | |
| Naomi: (slow) フルーツ(natural speed)フルーツ | |
| Rebecca: The next item has two pronunciations. First pronunciation is. | |
| Naomi: トースト | |
| Rebecca: And the next pronunciation is | |
| Naomi: トースト I would say トースト | |
| Rebecca: They both mean toast all right? Can you say that again for us. | |
| Naomi: (slow) トースト(natural speed)トースト | |
| Rebecca: Next. | |
| Naomi: いかが | |
| Rebecca: How? | |
| Naomi: (slow) いかが (natural speed) いかが | |
| Rebecca: Next. | |
| Naomi: いつも | |
| Rebecca: Always, usually, every time. | |
| Naomi: (slow) いつも (natural speed) いつも | |
| Rebecca: In today’s dialogue, we heard the word 朝ごはん. That means breakfast. | |
| Naomi: そうですね。 | |
| Rebecca: What are some other meal words? | |
| Naomi: 昼ごはん | |
| Rebecca: Lunch. | |
| Naomi: ご飯 is cooked rice or meal. So 昼ごはん literally means new meal. | |
| Rebecca: Right. So is that because rice is the staple of Japan’s diet and people will have ごはんwith every meal. | |
| Naomi: そうです。その通りです。 | |
| Rebecca: Well I did in the past any way yeah. Okay so what about supper. How do we say dinner? | |
| Naomi: There are two ways to say it. First one is 夕ご飯. The other one is 晩御飯 like 今晩は | |
| Rebecca: Okay and is there a difference when they used or can you use either one? | |
| Naomi: I would say same. | |
| Rebecca: Right. So the sentence that we heard in the dialogue was | |
| Naomi: 朝ごはんいかがですか。 | |
| Rebecca: Would you like some breakfast. Well literally how about breakfast and breaking this sentence down into its component parts, we have | |
| Naomi: 朝ごはん | |
| Rebecca: Breakfast. | |
| Naomi: いかが | |
| Rebecca: How. | |
| Naomi: です | |
| Rebecca: Copula. | |
| Naomi: か | |
| Rebecca: Question marker. | |
| Naomi: Instead of いかがですか, you can say どうですか. | |
| Rebecca: Do they mean the same thing? | |
| Naomi: そうですね。いかがですか is politer than どうですか. | |
| Rebecca: Okay. | |
Lesson focus |
|
|---|---|
| Rebecca:Today’s grammar point picks up on something you may have noticed in the conversation. Fuyuka’s mom when she asked Fabrizio what he would like for breakfast said. | |
| Naomi: 何を食べますか。 | |
| Rebecca: But when she asked Fuyuka she said. | |
| Naomi: 何食べる | |
| Rebecca: Now both times she used the verb to eat but in Fabrizio's case she said 食べますか. | |
| Naomi: はい。 | |
| Rebecca: And in her daughter’s case, she said 食べる | |
| Naomi: はい which is a dictionary form. | |
| Rebecca: It is a dictionary form right and it’s non-polite. Is that the way to describe it. So it is nothing rude but why is she using the non-polite form Naomi Sensei, can you tell us about that? | |
| Naomi: Because she is her daughter and Fabrizio is her guest. Does that make sense? | |
| Rebecca: Yeah, yeah that makes sense okay. So now let’s look at how to put H verb in the mas- form or the dictionary form? | |
| Naomi: はい。 | |
| Rebecca: Well not each verb but the different verb groups. So Japanese verbs can be divided up into three different classes. Class 1 verbs, class 2 verbs and class 3 verbs or class 3 verbs are also called irregular verbs. Class 1 verbs are the most common. | |
| Naomi: そうですね。 I think there are more class 1 verbs than class 2. | |
| Rebecca: You can check out the table and the PDF. So class 1 verbs sound like なになにいます. | |
| Naomi: そうですね。I sound plus ます. | |
| Rebecca: Like いきます、話します、飲みます、待ちます You can hear that います sound and when you put them in their dictionary form which is what we are looking at today, you drop this います and you add う. | |
| Naomi: そうです。 So あいます becomes あう. | |
| Rebecca: And what about 行きます | |
| Naomi: 行きます becomes 行く | |
| Rebecca: And 話します | |
| Naomi: 話す | |
| Rebecca: Okay so I think you can probably see the pattern emerging there. Now class 2 verbs are also known as | |
| Naomi: る verbs | |
| Rebecca: And this is because when you drop the masu, you just add る. This is to make the dictionary form. You drop the mass. | |
| Naomi: Very simple. | |
| Rebecca: And add る. And examples of some class II verbs are 食べます | |
| Naomi: 食べる | |
| Rebecca: And 見ます | |
| Naomi: 見る | |
| Rebecca: And 寝ます | |
| Naomi: 寝る | |
| Rebecca: So in today’s dialogue we heard the word 食べます | |
| Naomi: はい。 | |
| Rebecca: When she spoke to Fabrizio, Fuyuka’s mother said 食べます. When she spoke to her daughter, she said. | |
| Naomi: 食べる | |
| Rebecca: The last class is the class III verbs, the irregular verbs. Now they are not very many unlike English. So for now, all you have to do is remember します and きます. | |
| Naomi: はい。 | |
| Rebecca: So if we are looking at the dictionary form which is the subject of today’s grammar point, します becomes する and 来ます is 来る. | |
| Naomi: You have to memorize them. | |
| Rebecca: Yeah, but the good thing is there are only two. Other verbs sometimes misbehave but for now just remember します and 来ます become する and 来る. | |
| Naomi: はい。みなさん、大丈夫ですか。 | |
| Rebecca: Are you alright with that? | |
Outro |
|
| Rebecca: And we will see you next week. | |
| Naomi: また来週! | |
| DIALOGUE | |
| （トントントン あるくおと・カチャ ドアのおと） | |
| ファブリツィオ: （あくび；ファーア）おはようございます。みなさん。 | |
| お母さん: おはようございます。ファブリツィオさん。朝ごはん、いかがです | |
| か。いつも、ファブリツィオさんは、何を 食べますか。ご飯？パ | |
| ン？シリアル？ヨーグルト？それとも フルーツ？ | |
| ファブリツィオ: （あくび；ファーア）いつも、朝ごはんは 食べません。でも…じ | |
| ゃ、ヨーグルトと フルーツを お願いします。 | |
| （ドア；カチャ） | |
| 冬果: （あくび；ファーア）おはよう。 | |
| お母さん: あら、冬果。おはよう。何 食べる？ | |
| 冬果: （あくび；ファーア）じゃ、トースト 食べる。 |
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64 Comments
HideMina-san, what do you like for breakfast? Or are you like Fabrizio?
Hi Oliver,
Thank you for the question😄
Please check this part in the lesson note.
* Notice that the dictionary form of class one verbs ends in an -u sound, whereas the dictionary form of class 2 verbs ends in e-ru or i-ru. That is why class one verbs are also called "u verbs" and class two verbs are also known as "ru verbs."
Maybe the rule taught in this video is more simple.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xm3Ee9jBT1M
Please let us know if you have any questions!
Thank you for studying with us!
Sincerely,
Erica
Team JapanesePod101.com
Hi,
how do I know that dekiru/dekimasu is a class 2 verb? Shouldn't it be class 1 by the rules given in the lesson notes and thus the dictionary form be deku? It has an i before masu and more than 1 syllable. Do these rules not always work?
Oliver
Konnichiwa Lucy,
コメントありがとうございます。
健康的な朝ご飯でいいですね！
Keep up the good work and Feel free to ask us any questions.
Sono
Team JapanesePod101.com
時々、朝ご飯にキノアとピーナッツバターを食べます。
時々、ポリッジを食べます。
Rachel さん
コメントありがとうございます😄
Your sentences are correct!
Please let us know if you have any questions!
Sincerely,
Erica
Team JapanesePod101.com
1) ホラ一を見る。
2) 毎日十二時に寝る。
3) 何時も、朝御飯を食べる。
Hanaさん、こんにちは。
コメントありがとうございます！
はちみつをかけたポリッジ、甘くて温かくて美味しいですよね。
わたしも好きです😄
エリカ
Team JapanesePod101.com
いつも、朝ごはんはポリッジとはちみつを食べます。美味しです！
Thank you for your comments, everyone! Sorry we didn't reply earlier.
>Hi Mor,
Please note that quite few verbs have "i" before "masu". Therefore that couldn't help to class them.
>こんにちは、Annaさん
そうですか。フルーツとヨーグルトは体にいいですね😄
Keep studying with JapanesePod101.com
Cheers,
Miki(美希)
Team JapanesePod101.com
フルーツとヨーグルトをたべます。ダイエットをしている。