Learn how to say "I was forced to do something" in Japanese using the causative passive
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Naomi: ใใชใใงใใ |
| Chris: Chris here, You Won't Need to be Made to Listen to This Japanese Lesson! ใใฎใฌใในใณใงใฏไฝใๅๅผทใใพใใใ |
| Naomi: ไฝฟๅฝนใฎๅ่บซ |
| Chris: (causative passive) |
| Naomi: ใงใใ |
| Chris: In this lesson, you'll learn the causative passive form. Sentences like "I was forced to do something" in Japanese. |
| Naomi: ไปๅใฏๅ้ไบไบบใฎไผ่ฉฑใงใใ่ฟๆฃฎใใใจๆกๅฑใใใใฏใชใใฆใใพใใไบไบบใฏๅญฆ็ใฎใจใใฎๅ้ใงใใ |
| Chris: This conversation is between two friends, Mr. Chikamori and Mr. Momoya. They're friends from when they were students. So it will be a casual Japanese. |
| Naomi: ใงใฏใ่ใใฆใฟใพใใใใ |
| Chris: Let's listen to the conversation. |
Lesson conversation |
|---|
| ่ฟๆฃฎ: ๆกๅฑๅใ็ตๅฉ ใใใงใจใใ |
| ๆกๅฑ: ใใใใจใใ |
| ่ฟๆฃฎใปๆกๅฑ: ไนพๆฏ๏ผ |
| ่ฟๆฃฎ: ็ตๅฉๅผใซ ๅบๅธญใงใใชใใฆใใใใใ |
| : ไปไบ ไผใใชใใฃใใใ ใ |
| : ใใใใ็ฅใใๆฐใซๅ ฅใใใฉใใใใใใชใใใฉใ |
| ๆกๅฑ: ใใใใจใใ |
| ่ฟๆฃฎ: ใงใใฉใใ ใฃใใ็ตๅฉๅผใฏ๏ผ |
| ๆกๅฑ: ใใผใใไบบใฎๅใง ใญในใใใใใใฆใๆฅใใใใใฃใใ |
| ่ฟๆฃฎ: ใฏใฏใฏใๆซ้ฒๅฎดใฏ ใฉใใ ใฃใใ |
| ๆกๅฑ: ใใใใใใใ ใ้ ใ ้ฃฒใพใใใใใใ |
| : ๆฌกใฎๆฅใไธๆฅไธญใๆฐๆใกๆชใใฆๅคงๅคใ ใฃใใ |
| ่ฟๆฃฎ: ใธใใผใๆฐๅฉๆ ่กใธใฏ ใใ่กใฃใใฎ๏ผ |
| ๆกๅฑ: ใใใๅๆตท้ใซ ่กใฃใใใ ใๆฅฝใใใฃใใใ |
| : ใงใโฆใ่ญฆๅฏใซๆใพใฃใกใใฃใใใ ใ |
| ่ฟๆฃฎ: ใชใใงใในใใผใ๏ผ |
| ๆกๅฑ: ใใใ็ฝฐ้ๆใใใใใใ |
| ่ฟๆฃฎ: ใใใ๏ผ |
| ๆกๅฑ: 8ไธใ |
| ่ฟๆฃฎ: ใใใผใ8ไธๅใๆใใใใใใฎ๏ผ |
| : ใใใฏใๆๅทๆงใ |
| Naomi: ไปๅบฆใฏ่ฑ่ชใฎ่จณใจไธ็ทใซ่ใใฆใฟใพใใใใ |
| ่ฟๆฃฎ: ๆกๅฑๅใ็ตๅฉ ใใใงใจใใ |
| Chris: Momoya, congratulations on getting married. |
| ๆกๅฑ: ใใใใจใใ |
| Chris: Thanks. |
| ่ฟๆฃฎใปๆกๅฑ: ไนพๆฏ๏ผ |
| Chris: Cheers! |
| ่ฟๆฃฎ: ็ตๅฉๅผใซ ๅบๅธญใงใใชใใฆใใใใใ |
| Chris: Sorry I couldn't come to the wedding. |
| : ไปไบ ไผใใชใใฃใใใ ใ |
| Chris: I couldn't get the time off work. |
| : ใใใใ็ฅใใๆฐใซๅ ฅใใใฉใใใใใใชใใใฉใ |
| Chris: Here, this is for you. I don't know if you'll like it or not, though. |
| ๆกๅฑ: ใใใใจใใ |
| Chris: Thanks. |
| ่ฟๆฃฎ: ใงใใฉใใ ใฃใใ็ตๅฉๅผใฏ๏ผ |
| Chris: So how was it, the wedding? |
| ๆกๅฑ: ใใผใใไบบใฎๅใง ใญในใใใใใใฆใๆฅใใใใใฃใใ |
| Chris: Yeah...being made to kiss in front of people, that was embarrassing. |
| ่ฟๆฃฎ: ใฏใฏใฏใๆซ้ฒๅฎดใฏ ใฉใใ ใฃใใ |
| Chris: Ha ha ha. How was the reception? |
| ๆกๅฑ: ใใใใใใใ ใ้ ใ ้ฃฒใพใใใใใใ |
| Chris: Yeah. I was made to drink a lot. |
| : ๆฌกใฎๆฅใไธๆฅไธญใๆฐๆใกๆชใใฆๅคงๅคใ ใฃใใ |
| Chris: I felt sick the whole next day. It was really awful. |
| ่ฟๆฃฎ: ใธใใผใๆฐๅฉๆ ่กใธใฏ ใใ่กใฃใใฎ๏ผ |
| Chris: Really...? And have you already been on your honeymoon? |
| ๆกๅฑ: ใใใๅๆตท้ใซ ่กใฃใใใ ใๆฅฝใใใฃใใใ |
| Chris: Yeah, we went to Hokkaido. It was fun. |
| : ใงใโฆใ่ญฆๅฏใซๆใพใฃใกใใฃใใใ ใ |
| Chris: But...I got caught by the police. |
| ่ฟๆฃฎ: ใชใใงใในใใผใ๏ผ |
| Chris: Why? Were you speeding? |
| ๆกๅฑ: ใใใ็ฝฐ้ๆใใใใใใ |
| Chris: Yeah. I was made to pay a fine. |
| ่ฟๆฃฎ: ใใใ๏ผ |
| Chris: How much? |
| ๆกๅฑ: 8ไธใ |
| Chris: Eighty thousand. |
| ่ฟๆฃฎ: ใใใผใ8ไธๅใๆใใใใใใฎ๏ผ |
| Chris: Whoa! They made you pay as much as eighty thousand yen? |
| : ใใใฏใๆๅทๆงใ |
| Chris: That's too bad! |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Chris: ๅๅใฎใฌใในใณใงใใๆๅทๆงใใฏใ่ฌๅผใง่จใใฃใฆใชใใใพใใใใญใ |
| Naomi: ใใใงใใใ่ฌๅผใงใฏใใใฎๅบฆใฏใๆๅทๆงใงใใใใฃใฆ่จใใพใใ |
| Chris: ใงใใใใคใขใญใฐใงใ่ฟๆฃฎใใใใใใใใฏใๆๅทๆงใใจใใฃใฆใใพใใญใ |
| Naomi: ใใใชใใงใใใญใใๆฎๅฟตใงใใใใจใใๆๅณใงใใตใใใฆใใใๆๅทๆงใใฃใฆใคใใฃใใใใพใใ |
| Chris: So ใใใ ใใใใใใพใis used to express one's condolences. But it's also sometimes used to express that you feel sorry for someone in a teasing manner. |
| Naomi: ไพใใฐใใใผ๏ผใฏใชในใใใๆๆฅๆฅๆๆฅใชใฎใซใไปไบใใใฎ๏ผใใใฏใใๆๅทๆงใ |
| Chris: You're working tomorrow, even though it's Sunday? That's too bad! |
| Naomi: ใใคใขใญใฐใ ใจใๆกๅฑใใใ็ฝฐ้๏ผไธๅๆใใชใใกใใใใชใใฃใใปใปใปใจใใฃใฆใ่ฟๆฃฎใใใใใๆๅทๆงใใจ่จใฃใฆใใพใใใญใ |
| Chris: ็ฝฐ้๏ผๅ ซไธๅใฏใใๆๅทๆงใงใใญใ(็ฌ๏ผ |
| Naomi: ใๆๅทๆงใงใใใใพใ่ชๅใใใใใใงใใใฉใใงใใ๏ผไธใฏ้ซใใ(็ฌ๏ผ |
| Chris: In the dialogue, Mr. Chikamori used this word ใๆๅทๆง when he heard that Mr. Momoya had to pay 80.000 yen as a fine for speeding. |
| Naomi: ใฏใชในใใใฏ็ฝฐ้ใๆใใใใใใใจใฏใใใพใใ๏ผ |
| Chris: ใชใใงใใญใใฉใใญใงใ |
| Naomi: ใฉใใญใงใใญใ |
| Chris: ใใชใๅ ็ใฏใฉใใงใใ? |
| Naomi: ใชใใงใใKnock on wood. |
| Chris: ใใใงใใญใKnock on wood ใฏๆฅๆฌ่ชใงใชใใงใใ๏ผ |
| Naomi: ใใผใใใใผใใใใใชใใงใใญใใชใใจๆใใพใใญใ |
| Chris: So there isn't a corresponding expression in Japanese? |
| Naomi: ๅคๅใชใใจๆใใพใใ |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Chris: Let's take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. The first word we shall see is, |
| Naomi: ๆซ้ฒๅฎด [natural native speed] |
| Chris: wedding reception |
| Naomi: ๆซ้ฒๅฎด [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Naomi: ๆซ้ฒๅฎด [natural native speed] |
| Chris: Next, |
| Naomi: ๆฐๅฉๆ ่ก [natural native speed] |
| Chris: honeymoon |
| Naomi: ๆฐๅฉๆ ่ก [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Naomi: ๆฐๅฉๆ ่ก [natural native speed] |
| Chris: Next, |
| Naomi: ๆใพใ [natural native speed] |
| Chris: to get caught, to be arrested; V1 |
| Naomi: ๆใพใ [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Naomi: ๆใพใ [natural native speed] |
| Chris: Next, |
| Naomi: ็ฝฐ้ [natural native speed] |
| Chris: fine, penalty |
| Naomi: ็ฝฐ้ [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Naomi: ็ฝฐ้ [natural native speed] |
| Chris: Next, |
| Naomi: ๆใ [natural native speed] |
| Chris: to pay; V1 |
| Naomi: ๆใ [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Naomi: ๆใ [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCABULARY AND PHRASES |
| Chris: Let's have a closer look at the usage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson. ๆๅใฎๅ่ชใฏใชใใงใใ๏ผ |
| Naomi: ๆฐๅฉๆ ่ก |
| Chris: Honeymoon. Of course, this means a trip taken by a newly married couple. |
| Naomi: ใใใ ใผใณใใจใใใใพใใญใ |
| Chris: ใใใ ใผใณใYou have to pronounce it very flat. ใใใ ใผใณ |
| Naomi: ใใใงใใญใใใใ ใผใณใ |
| Chris: ไธกๆนใจใใใไฝฟใใพใใใญใ |
| Naomi: ใๆฐๅฉๆ ่กใใจใใใใ ใผใณใไฝฟใใพใใใญใไธกๆนใจใใไพใใฐใๆฐๅฉๆ ่กใงใใฏใคใซ่กใใพใใใใใใ ใผใณใงใใฏใคใซ่กใใพใใใ |
| Chris: "We went to Hawaii on our honeymoon." ๆฌกใฎๅ่ชใฏ๏ผ |
| Naomi: ๆใพใ |
| Chris: to get caught |
| Naomi: ใใฎ็ทใๆใพใฃใใ |
| Chris: That man was caught. |
| Naomi: ใใฎ็ทใใใใคใใพใฃใใใงใใใคใใพใใฏใ่ชๅ่ฉ"Intransitive verb"ใชใฎใงใใใใไฝฟใใพใใ |
| Chris: Tsukamaru is an intransitive verb so the subject has to be marked by particle ใ. |
| Naomi: ไปๅ่ฉ Transitive verb ใฏใใใคใใพใใใ"to catch" or "to capture" ใงใใ |
| Chris: OK. So Intransitive verb is? |
| Naomi: ใคใใพใ |
| Chris: "To get caught" |
| Naomi: ไพใใฐใใใฎ็ทใๆใพใฃใใ |
| Chris: That man was caught. How about the transitive verb? |
| Naomi: ใคใใพใใ |
| Chris: "to catch" "to capture" |
| Naomi: ่ญฆๅฏใฏใใฎ็ทใๆใพใใ |
| Chris: The police caught that man. |
| Naomi: ใฏใชในใใใฏใใคใใพใฃใใใจใฏใชใใงใใใญ๏ผ |
| Chris: ใใใชใใงใใใชใใงใใใใชใๅ ็ใฏใฉใใงใใใๆใพใฃใใใจใใใพใ๏ผ |
| Naomi: ใใกใใใใชใใงใ๏ผ |
| Chris: ใใใใใงใใญใ |
| Naomi: ใใใฃใใงใใญใ |
| Chris: ใใใฃใใงใใญใ |
| Naomi: ใใใใฃใใงใใญใใฃใฆๅคใ ใใฉใใใใๆๆณใซ่กใใพใใใใ |
Lesson focus |
| Chris: In this lesson, you'll learn how to say "I was forced to do something" in Japanese. |
| Naomi: ไพใใฐใใใใใ ใ้ ใ ้ฃฒใพใใใใใ |
| Chris: "I was made to drink a lot." |
| Naomi: ๅฝขใฏ masu stem of causative form of a verb plus ใใใ |
| Chris: Let us show you with some examples. Let's say "I was forced to pay". |
| First of all, how do you say "to pay?" |
| Naomi: ๆใ |
| Chris: The causative form is? |
| Naomi: ๆใใใใ |
| Chris: "To make someone pay" Drop ใ and add ใใใ |
| Naomi: ๆใใใใใ |
| Chris: "To be made to do something" "to be forced to do something". |
| Naomi: ใตใณใใซใปใณใใณในใงใใ็งใฏ็ฝฐ้ใๆใใใใใใ |
| Chris: "I was made to pay a fine." |
| OK, listeners, listen and repeat. "I was made to pay a fine." |
| Naomi: ็งใฏ็ฝฐ้ใๆใใใใใใ |
| Chris: (pause) Listeners, say "I was made to pay a fine" in Japanese. |
| Naomi: (pause)็งใฏ็ฝฐ้ใๆใใใใใ |
| Chris: OK. Next, let's say "I was made to drink a lot." "To drink" is |
| Naomi: ้ฃฒใ |
| Chris: The causative form is? |
| Naomi: ้ฃฒใพใใ |
| Chris: Drop the final ใ and add ใใใ |
| Naomi: ้ฃฒใพใใใใ |
| Chris: "To be made to drink" or "to be forced to drink"ใSo, "I was made to drink a lot." is |
| Naomi: ็งใฏใใใใ ใ้ ใ ้ฃฒใพใใใใ |
| Chris: OK. Listeners, listen and repeat. "I was made to drink a lot." |
| Naomi: ็งใฏใใใใ ใ้ ใ ้ฃฒใพใใใใ |
| Chris: ๏ผpause wait for 10 sec.) Listeners, say "I was made to drink a lot." |
| Naomi: ็งใฏใใใใ ใ้ ใ ้ฃฒใพใใใใใ |
| Chris: Please note that the victim is the subject of the sentence. The "villain" or the person who made the subject do the action is marked by particle ใซ(ni). |
| Naomi: Right. ็งใฏๅ้ใซใ้ ใ ้ฃฒใพใใใใใ |
| Chris: "I was made to drink a lot by my friends" |
| Naomi: ๅ้ใซ |
| Chris: "By my friends." OK. Let's recap this lesson with a quiz. How do you say "I was made to pay a fine by the police." Here's a hint. The police is ่ญฆๅฏ |
| (pause) OK. Naomi-sensei, how do you say "I was made to pay a fine by the police." |
| Naomi: ็งใฏ่ญฆๅฏใซ็ฝฐ้ใๆใใใใใใ |
| Chris: OK.That's all for this lesson. |
| Naomi: ใใฎใฌใในใณใฎใใผใใฏใไฝฟๅฝนใฎๅ่บซ โcausative passiveโใงใใใใๅฎใฏใใไธใคๅฅใฎ่จใๆนใใใใฎใงใใฌใในใณใใผใใ่ชญใใงใใใฆใใ ใใใญใ |
| Chris: Thereโs another way to conjugate this, โI was forced to do somethingโ, causative passive form. You can find that at Lesson Notes. |
| Naomi: ใจใใใงใขใกใชใซใฎๆซ้ฒๅฎดใใๆฐ้(Groom)ใฏใใใใใใ้ ใ้ฃฒใพใใใใใใงใใ๏ผ |
| Chris: ใใผใใใใงใใญใๅคๅใๆซ้ฒๅฎดใงใฏ้ฃฒใพใชใใใงใใใฉใใไบๆฌกไผใจใใงใใใใใใจใฏใใใใใใใชใใงใใญใ |
| Naomi: ๅใ ใกใซใใใใใใ้ ใ้ฃฒใพใใใใใ |
| Chris: ใฏใใ |
| Naomi: ใชในใใผใฎ็ใใใฎๅฝใงใฏใฉใใงใใ๏ผ็ใใใฎๅฝใฎๆซ้ฒๅฎดใซใคใใฆๆใใฆใใ ใใใ |
| Chris: How about in your country? Is the groom made to drink a lot at a wedding reception? Go to JapanesePod101.com and leave us a comment. |
| Naomi: ใใใใใพใใ |
| Chris: See you next time. |
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