INTRODUCTION |
Yuichi: ็ฅไธใงใใ |
Naomi: ใชใใฟใงใใ |
Jessi: Jessi here. A slight possibility. |
Yuichi: ไปๆฅใฎใฌใในใณใงใฏใๅฏ่ฝๆงpossibilityใๅๅผทใใพใใ |
Naomi: ใใใใใใใชใใ๏ผMaybe you're right.๏ผใจใใงใใญใ |
Yuichi: ไปๅใฏๆขๅตใจๅพณๅทใใใจใใๅฅณใฎไบบใๆขๅตไบๅๆใง่ฉฑใใฆใใพใใ |
Jessi: ๆขๅตใจใใใฎใฏdetective ใงใใใชใใ ใใใใใใใใงใใญ |
Yuichi: ใฏใใๆขๅตใจๅพณๅทใใใฏๅใใฆไผใใพใใใใชใฎใงใใฆใใญใใชๆฅๆฌ่ชใใฏใชใใฆใใพใใ |
Jessi: In this lesson, you'll learn how to talk about possibility using ใใใใใชใ. |
The conversation takes place at a detective office. Detective X and Kimi Tokugawa are talking. Since it's their first time meeting each other, they're using formal Japanese. |
Yuichi: ใใใงใฏ่ใใฆใฟใพใใใใ |
DIALOGUE |
ๆขๅตไบๅๆ ใใขใซใคใใฆใใใใซใฎ้ณ |
ๅพณๅทใญใ:ใใใใใ ใใผใใ ๆขๅตไบๅๆ๏ผธใฏใใกใใงใใใ |
ๆขๅตX:ใใใงใใใใใใฉใใใใใกใใธใใใใใ ใใใ |
: ็ง๏ผใใใใ๏ผใๆขๅตXใจ็ณใใพใใใฉใใชไบไปถใงใ่งฃๆฑบใใพใใ |
: ไปๆฅใฏใใฉใใชใ็จไปถใงใใใ |
ๅพณๅทใญใ:ๅพณๅทใญใใจ็ณใใพใใ |
: ๅฎใฏใๅฎถ๏ผใใก๏ผใฎๆฑ ใซใใ้ฆ้ฏใใใชใใชใฃใฆใใพใฃใใใงใใ่ฆใคใใฆใใใใพใใใ |
ๆขๅตX:ใใใชใฎๆ้ฃฏๅใงใใใใใคใใชใใชใฃใใใงใใใ |
ๅพณๅทใญใ:ๆจๆฅใ1้ฑ้ใฎๆตทๅคๆ
่กใใๅธฐใฃใฆใใใใงใใ |
: ๆ
่กใฎ้ใซใใชใใชใฃใใฎใใใใใพใใใ |
ๆขๅตX:่ชฐใใใ็ใใ ใใใใใพใใใญใ |
ๅพณๅทใญใ:็ฏไบบใๆใพใใฆใใ ใใใ |
: ๆใ้ฆ้ฏใ่ณผๅ
ฅใใใจใใฏใไธๅน100ไธๅใ ใฃใใใงใใ |
: 3ๅนใงใ300ไธๅๆใฃใใใงใใใ |
ๆขๅตX:ใใใฃใ้ฆ้ฏใฃใฆใใใชใซ้ซใใใงใใ๏ผ๏ผ |
ไปๅบฆใฏ่ฑ่ชใๅ
ฅใใพใใ |
ๆขๅตไบๅๆ ใใขใซใคใใฆใใใใซใฎ้ณ |
private investigatorโs office โ the doorbell rings |
ๅพณๅทใญใ:ใใใใใ ใใผใใ ๆขๅตไบๅๆ๏ผธใฏใใกใใงใใใ |
English: Kimi Tokugawa:Excuse me, is this the office of Detective X? |
ๆขๅตX:ใใใงใใใใใใฉใใใใใกใใธใใใใใ ใใใ |
English: Yes it is. Please come in and have a seat. |
: ็ง๏ผใใใใ๏ผใๆขๅตXใจ็ณใใพใใใฉใใชไบไปถใงใ่งฃๆฑบใใพใใ |
I am Detective X, and Iโll solve any case. |
: ไปๆฅใฏใใฉใใชใ็จไปถใงใใใ |
Now, what seems to be the matter? |
ๅพณๅทใญใ:ๅพณๅทใญใใจ็ณใใพใใ: ๅฎใฏใๅฎถ๏ผใใก๏ผใฎๆฑ ใซใใ้ฆ้ฏใใใชใใชใฃใฆใใพใฃใใใงใใ่ฆใคใใฆใใใใพใใใ |
English: Iโm Kimi Tokugawa. You see, the colored carp in my pond have disappeared. Can you help me find them? |
ๆขๅตX:ใใใชใฎๆ้ฃฏๅใงใใใใใคใใชใใชใฃใใใงใใใ |
English: That should be easy. When did they disappear? |
ๅพณๅทใญใ:ๆจๆฅใ1้ฑ้ใฎๆตทๅคๆ
่กใใๅธฐใฃใฆใใใใงใใ |
English: Yesterday, when I came back from a week-long trip abroad. |
: ๆ
่กใฎ้ใซใใชใใชใฃใใฎใใใใใพใใใ |
They may have disappeared while I was away. |
ๆขๅตX:่ชฐใใใ็ใใ ใใใใใพใใใญใ |
English: Your fish may have been stolen by someone. |
ๅพณๅทใญใ:็ฏไบบใๆใพใใฆใใ ใใใ |
English: Please catch the culprit. |
: ๆใ้ฆ้ฏใ่ณผๅ
ฅใใใจใใฏใไธๅน100ไธๅใ ใฃใใใงใใ |
When I bought them some time ago, each colored carp cost me 1,000,000 yen |
: 3ๅนใงใ300ไธๅๆใฃใใใงใใใ |
I paid 3,000,000 yen altogether for those three fish! |
ๆขๅตX:ใใใฃใ้ฆ้ฏใฃใฆใใใชใซ้ซใใใงใใ๏ผ๏ผ |
English: Huh, colored carp are that expensive?! |
POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
Yuichi: ไธๅน๏ผ๏ผ๏ผไธใฎ้ฆ้ฏใ้ฆ้ฏใฃใฆ้ซใใใงใใญใ |
Naomi: ้ซใใงใใใญใใพใใซๆณณใๅฎ็ณใงใใใญใ |
Jessi: A swimming jewel.ๆณณใๅฎ็ณใใใ้ข็ฝใ่กจ็พใงใใญใ |
Yuichi: ใใใงใใญใใใ่จใใฐใ้ข็ฝใ่กจ็พใจใใใฐใใๆ้ฃฏๅใใใใใ้ข็ฝใ่กจ็พใใใชใใงใใใ |
Jessi: ใใผใit's a piece of cakeใญ. |
Naomi: ๆ้ฃฏใจ่จใใฎใฏใๆใ้ฃฏใใใคใพใbreakfast ใฎใใจใงใใใๅใใจ่จใใฎใฏbefore ใใๆ้ฃฏๅใใงใ็ฐกๅใชไบใ ใจใใๆๅณใชใใงใใใๆใใฏใใ้ฃในใๅใจใใใฎใฏใใฟใชใใใใใใชใใใบใใบใใงใใใญใใใชใใใใใฆใใใจใ้ ญใๅใใชใใใๅใๅบใชใใใงใใใใใชใใชใใใบใใบใใช็ถๆ
ใงใใงใใใใใใใใใใใ็ฐกๅใ ใใจใใๆๅณใฟใใใงใใญใ |
Jessi: So ๆ้ฃฏๅ literally means before breakfast. Before breakfast, you're probably not your sharpest, not at your best. Soใๆ้ฃฏๅ means that even if you are in that kind of state, you can still handle it really easily. So that means it's really easy for you. |
Yuichi: ใงใใๆ่ฟใๆฅๆฌไบบใฏใใใใใใๆใใฏใใ้ฃในใชใใใใใๆ้ฃฏๅใ ใใใฃใฆ, |
ใกใใฃใจใใใใใใชใใงใใใ |
Jessi: These days a lot of Japanese people don't eat breakfast, so maybe is it kind of strange to say ๆ้ฃฏๅใ ใ? |
Naomi: ใงใใใๆผ้ฃฏๅใ ใใใจใใฃใฆ่จใใชใใงใใใใญ๏ผ็ฌ๏ผ |
Yuichi: ใใใงใใญใ |
Jessi: ใใผใใชใใปใฉใ |
Naomi: ใใใๅ่ชใซๅ
ฅใใพใใใใ |
Jessi: Letโs move onto the vocabulary. |
VOCAB LIST |
Jessi: The first word is: |
Yuichi: ไบไปถ [natural native speed] |
Jessi: case, incident |
Yuichi: ไบไปถ [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
Yuichi: ไบไปถ [natural native speed] |
Jessi: The next word is: |
Naomi: ็จไปถ [natural native speed] |
Jessi: business |
Naomi: ็จไปถ [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
Naomi: ็จไปถ [natural native speed] |
Jessi: Next we have |
Yuichi: ๆขๅต [natural native speed] |
Jessi: detective |
Yuichi: ๆขๅต [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
Yuichi: ๆขๅต [natural native speed] |
Jessi: The next is: |
Naomi: ่ณผๅ
ฅใใ [natural native speed] |
Jessi: to purchase |
Naomi: ่ณผๅ
ฅใใ [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
Naomi: ่ณผๅ
ฅใใ [natural native speed] |
VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE |
Jessi: Let's have a closer look at the usage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson. |
Yuichi: ไปๆฅใฎใใคใขใญใผใฐใซใฏใๆผขๅญใใใใใใใฃใใฎใงใๆผขๅญใ่ฉณใใ่ฆใฆใใใพใใใใ |
Jessi: In today's dialogue, we had a lot of words using kanji. Let's take a closer look at them. |
Naomi: The first word is ๆขๅต (detective) |
Yuichi: ๆขใใฏ๏ผTo search๏ผ ๅตใ๏ผSpy๏ผ |
Yuichi: ใๆขใใใจใใๆผขๅญใ่ฉณใใ่ฆใฆใฟใพใใใใ |
Jessi: So the left-hand radical is... |
Yuichi: ใๆใhandใงใใญใ |
Jessi: Then the upper right radical looks like...ใ |
Yuichi: ็ฉด(hole)ใจใใๆผขๅญใซไผผใฆใใพใใ |
Jessi: Then the lower right radical is |
Yuichi: ๆจ(tree)ใชใฎใงใใๆจใฎ็ฉดใซๆใๅ
ฅใใฆๆขใใฆใใใใงใใญใใ |
Jessi: ใใผใใ้ข็ฝใใงใใญใSo when you're trying to remember the kanji for ๆขใ, imagine that "A hand is reaching through the hole in the tree." |
Naomi: I think it's a nice mnemonicใใใใใงใใญใ่ชฟในใใฎ๏ผ |
Yuichi: ใฏใใ่ชฟในใพใใใ |
Naomi: ใธใผใ |
Yuichi: ใใๆ้ฃใใใใใพใใ๏ผไธๅ็ฌ๏ผ |
Naomi: ใใใใใใใฎๆขๅตใจใใใฎใฏใ่ฑ่ชใ ใจใprivate detective ใ ใจใใใใพใใญใPolice detectiveใฏใๆฅๆฌ่ชใงใฏๆขๅตใงใฏใชใใใงใใญใ Police detective is called ๅไบ in Japanese. |
Jessi: So ใใไธๅบฆใ้กใใใพใใ private detective isใๆขๅต The police detective is? |
Naomi: ๅไบ |
Jessi: Ok.The next word is... |
Naomi: ่ณผๅ
ฅใใ to purchase |
ใ่ณผๅ
ฅใใใใจ่จใใฎใฏใใ่ฒทใใใจๅใๆๅณใงใใ |
Yuichi: ใใใใใผใจใใ่ณผๅ
ฅใใใใฏใใคไฝฟใใพใใ๏ผ |
Naomi: ใใใฏใใธใในใฎๅ ด้ขใงไฝฟใใใใใจใๅคใใจๆใใพใใ |
Jessi: ่ณผๅ
ฅใใ is used mainly in business situations or in documents, right.? |
Naomi: ใใฃใใใใงใใญใๆธใ่จ่ใงใใใไฝฟใใใพใใญใ |
Jessi: ใชใใปใฉใ |
Naomi: ไพใใฐใๅ้ใซใใใผใใใกใใใใใฎใทใฃใๅฏๆใใใฉใใงใ่ณผๅ
ฅใใใฎ๏ผใใจใใ่จใใชใใงใใญใ๏ผ็ฌ๏ผ |
Yuichi: ๅคใงใใญใใใใฃใใใใใฉใใง่ฒทใฃใใฎ๏ผใใฃใฆ่ใใพใใญใ |
Naomi: ใใใงใใญใๅ้ใซใฏใใฉใใง่ฒทใฃใใฎใใฃใฆ่จใ้ขจใซ่ใใพใใญใ |
Yuichi: ใงใใใธใในใฎๅ ด้ขใงใฏใ่ณผๅ
ฅใใใใไฝฟใฃใใปใใใใใฃใฆใใจใงใใญใ |
Naomi: ใใใงใใญใใใฎใปใใprofessional ใซ่ใใใใจๆใใพใใ |
Jessi: I think that's the same as English because we say โpurchaseโ in English.It sounds a kind of more professional. Now so informal. |
Naomi: ใชใใปใฉใ |
Jessi: Something purchase is a good translation. |
Yuichi: ใงใฏใใกใใฃใจใใใฎใ่ณผๅ
ฅใใฎๆผขๅญใ่ฆใฆใฟใพใใใใ |
Naomi: ใฏใใ |
Yuichi: ใ่ณผๅ
ฅใฎ่ณผใใพใใฟใพใใญใๅทฆๅดใ่ฆใฆใใ ใใใใใฎๅทฆๅดใฏใ |
Naomi: ่ฒshellfish |
Yuichi: ใใใฏใใใใธใใใจ่จใใใฆใใพใใ่ฒใฏๆใ้ใ ใฃใใฎใงใใ้ใซ้ขไฟใใใจใใๆๅณใงใใญใ |
Jessi: ใใผใใ้ข็ฝใใงใใญใSo the left side radical is ่ฒ, or shell. And that's because shells were used as money in ancient days.Next we have? |
Yuichi: ไบไปถ๏ผ case๏ผใ็จไปถ ๏ผbusiness๏ผ |
ใใฎไบใคใฎๅ่ชใฏใๅใๆผขๅญใไฝฟใฃใฆใใพใใญใ |
Jessi: The same kanji is used in these two words. |
Naomi: ใไปถใใฎใใจใงใใญใไปถใmeans matter case or item ใใใใใใใฎไปถใจ่จใใฎใฏใใซใฆใณใฟใผใจใใฆใไฝฟใใใจใงใใพใใใญใ |
Jessi: This ไปถ is used as a counter for matters or cases. For example, four items of business would be ๅไปถใฎ็จไปถ?(laughing) |
Naomi: ใใพใใงใใญใTongue twisterใจ่จใใฎใใชใๆฉๅฃ่จ่ใฟใใใงใใญใ ๅไปถใฎ็จไปถ๏ผ |
Yuichi: ใใใงใใญใ |
Yuichi: ใใฎไปถใจใใๆผขๅญใ่ฆใฆใใ ใใใไปถใฎๅทฆๅดใฏใใไบบใใ่กจใใพใใใใซใในใใใจ่จใใใพใใญใ |
Jessi: So the left side radical stands for person. Then right hand side radical is |
Yuichi: ็(cow)ใจ่จใใใจใงใใญใ |
Jessi: ใงใฏใไพๆใใ้กใใใพใใ |
Yuichi: ไปๆฅใไบไปถใ5ไปถใ่ตทใใฃใใใ๏ผFive cases happened today.๏ผ |
Naomi: ๆฌกใฏๆๆณใงใใ |
Jessi: Letโs move on to the grammar. |
Lesson focus
|
Jessi: Today we'll look at how to express possibility using the phrase ใใใใใชใ (kamo shirenai), which becomes ใใใใใพใใ (kamo shiremasen) in formal Japanese. Kamo shirenai is a phrase indicating that something is possible, but that the speaker is uncertain whether or not it is true, making it a weak form of expressing conjecture.Could you give us an example from this dialog? |
Yuichi: ่ชฐใใใ็ใใ ใใใใใพใใใญใ |
Jessi: Someone might've stolen it. Let's break down this sentence. |
Yuichi: ่ชฐใใ๏ผJessi,someone)ใ็ใใ (stole)ใใใใใพใใ(might)ใญ๏ผconfirmation sentence ending particle) |
Yuichi: ใใใใใใพใใใใใฎใใฉใผใกใผใทใงใณใฏ็ฐกๅใงใใใญใ |
Jessi: Yes, that's right. Kamo shirenai is placed at the end of a sentence or clause, and follows informal speech. Let's check with the example from the dialog. How do you say "It rains." |
Yuichi: ้จใ้ใ |
Jessi: Then attach ใใใใใพใใใ to show that you are not certain. |
Yuichi: ้จใ้ใใใใใใพใใ It might rain. |
Jessi: How do you say It might have rained. |
Yuichi: ้จใ้ใฃใใใใใใพใใ |
Jessi: Please notice that ใใใใใพใใ part stays the same. |
Naomi: ้จใ้ใ ใใใใใพใใใIt might rain. |
้จใ้ใใชใใใใใใใพใใ It might not rain |
้จใ้ใฃใใใใใใพใใ It might have rained |
้จใ้ใใชใใฃใใใใใใพใใ It might not have rained. |
Yuichi: ใใใงใฏ็ทด็ฟใใพใใใใ |
Jessi: Let's practice using this in some different situations. |
Yuichi: ๆๆฅใๅฐ้ขจใๆฅใใใใใใพใใใ |
Jessi: Yuichi said that a typhoon might come tomorrow. |
If a typhoon came what do you think might happen? |
Naomi: ้ป่ปใๆญขใพใใใใใใชใใใญใThe trains might stop. |
Jessi: ใใใใใใไผ็คพใซๆฅใใใชใใใใใใพใใใญใWe might not be able to come to the office. |
Naomi: ใธใงใทใผใไฝใใกใใฃใจๅฌใใใ๏ผ็ฌ๏ผ |
Yuichi: ใใใใใจใ่ชฐใใไผ็คพใซๆฅใชใใใ็ฅใใพใใใญใ |
Jessi: Nobody might come to work tomorrow. ๅฐใใพใใญใ๏ผ็ฌ๏ผ |
Naomi: ๅฐใใพใใญใ |
Yuichi: ๅฌใใใใ ใชใใใฏใใใใใใไปๆฅใฏใใฎใธใใงใ |
Jessi: See you next time. |
Naomi: ใใใใใพใใ |
Yuichi: ใใใชใใ |
DIALOGUE |
ๆขๅตไบๅๆ ใใขใซใคใใฆใใใใซใฎ้ณ |
ๅพณๅทใญใ:ใใใใใ ใใผใใ ๆขๅตไบๅๆ๏ผธใฏใใกใใงใใใ |
ๆขๅตX:ใใใงใใใใใใฉใใใใใกใใธใใใใใ ใใใ |
: ็ง๏ผใใใใ๏ผใๆขๅตXใจ็ณใใพใใใฉใใชไบไปถใงใ่งฃๆฑบใใพใใ |
: ไปๆฅใฏใใฉใใชใ็จไปถใงใใใ |
ๅพณๅทใญใ:ๅพณๅทใญใใจ็ณใใพใใ |
: ๅฎใฏใๅฎถ๏ผใใก๏ผใฎๆฑ ใซใใ้ฆ้ฏใใใชใใชใฃใฆใใพใฃใใใงใใ่ฆใคใใฆใใใใพใใใ |
ๆขๅตX:ใใใชใฎๆ้ฃฏๅใงใใใใใคใใชใใชใฃใใใงใใใ |
ๅพณๅทใญใ:ๆจๆฅใ1้ฑ้ใฎๆตทๅคๆ
่กใใๅธฐใฃใฆใใใใงใใ |
: ๆ
่กใฎ้ใซใใชใใชใฃใใฎใใใใใพใใใ |
ๆขๅตX:่ชฐใใใ็ใใ ใใใใใพใใใญใ |
ๅพณๅทใญใ:็ฏไบบใๆใพใใฆใใ ใใใ |
: ๆใ้ฆ้ฏใ่ณผๅ
ฅใใใจใใฏใไธๅน100ไธๅใ ใฃใใใงใใ |
: 3ๅนใงใ300ไธๅๆใฃใใใงใใใ |
ๆขๅตX:ใใใฃใ้ฆ้ฏใฃใฆใใใชใซ้ซใใใงใใ๏ผ๏ผ |
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