INTRODUCTION |
Naomi: ใชใใฟใงใใ |
Yuichi: ็ฅไธใงใใ |
Peter: Peter here. Giving and receiving in Japanese. ใใใใ |
Naomi: ไปๅใฏใใฌใณใฟใคใณใฎในใใผใชใผใฎ4ๅ็ฎใงใใญใ2ๅ็ฎใฎในใใผใชใงใฏใใใใใ3ๅ็ฎใฎในใใผใชใงใฏ ใใใ ใๅๅผทใใพใใใ |
Peter: This dialog is the 4th episode of our Valentine story series.And it's also the third and last part of a 3-part series. We have covered kureru as an auxiliary verb in the second lesson and ageru as an auxiliary verb in the third lesson.The focus of this lesson is an auxiliary verb ใใใ. |
Yuichi: ๅๅใฎใฌใในใณใงใฏใๅญไปใๆตฉไบใใๅคๅญใฎใใงใณใฌใผใใใใใฃใฆใ้ฃในใฆใใพใใพใใใ |
Peter: This conversation takes place at school. In the previous lesson, Keisuke ate the chocolate that Natsuko gave to Koji. |
Yuichi: ไปๆฅใฎใฌใในใณใฏใใใใใ1ใตๆๅพใฎใใฏใคใใใผใฎ่ฉฑใฎใใใงใใ |
Peter: This conversation takes place one month later on White day. The conversation is between Keisuke and Natsuko. |
Yuichi: ๅ้ใชใฎใงใซใธใฅใขใซใชๆฅๆฌ่ชใงใใ |
Peter: The speakers are friends, therefore the speakers/speaker will be speaking in informal Japanese. |
Yuichi: ใใใงใฏ่ใใฆใฟใพใใใใ |
DIALOGUE |
๏ผใใฏใคใใใผใๅญฆๆ กใฎใใฃใคใ ๏ผ |
ใญใผใณใณใผใณใซใผใณใณใผใณ |
ๅญไป:ใใฏใใ๏ผๅคๅญใกใใใใใฎใใใฏใใใใใญใ |
ๅคๅญ:ใใใใใใจใใใ็ถใใใซ่ฒทใฃใฆใใใฃใใฎใใใฏใคใใใผใฎใ่ฟใใ |
ๅญไป:ๅคๅญใกใใใฉใใใใฎ๏ผๅ
ๆฐใชใ๏ผ |
ๅคๅญ:ใญใใๅญไปใใใๆตฉไบๅใซใใงใณใฌใผใๆธกใใฆใใใ๏ผ |
ๅญไป:ใ๏ผใใใใใกใใใๅฑใใฆใใใใใ |
ๅคๅญ:ใใใ ใใญใๅฑใใฆใใใใใญใ |
: ใใๆตฉไบๅใ็งใฎใใงใณใฌใผใ้ฃในใฆใใใใใชใใ |
: ใใใใใใใฆใใใงใณใฌใผใ็พๅณใใใชใใฃใใฎใใชใใ |
ๅญไป:ใใใใใใฏใใใใใใใใใฃใใใ |
ๅคๅญ:ใ๏ผใชใซ๏ผ๏ผ็งใฎใใงใณ้ฃในใใฎ๏ผ |
ๅญไป:ใใใใใใใใใ้ฃในใฆใชใใใ |
: ๆตฉไบใ้ฃในใใใชใใใใใกใใฃใจใ ใๅใใฆใใใฃใใใ ใใ |
ๅคๅญ:ใฒใฉใ๏ผๆตฉไบๅใๅญไปๅใซ็งใฎใใงใณใใใใใฎใญ๏ผ |
ๅญไป:ใงใใใใใใใฃใใใๆฌๅฝใซใ |
ๅคๅญ:ใใใใใใใๆฅๅนดใฏๅญไปๅใซ็พฉ็ใใงใณใไฝใฃใฆใใใใใ |
ใใไธๅบฆใ้กใใใพใใไปๅบฆใฏใใฃใใใ้กใใใพใใ |
๏ผใใฏใคใใใผใๅญฆๆ กใฎใใฃใคใ ๏ผ |
ใญใผใณใณใผใณใซใผใณใณใผใณ |
ๅญไป:ใใฏใใ๏ผๅคๅญใกใใใใใฎใใใฏใใใใใญใ |
ๅคๅญ:ใใใใใใจใใใ็ถใใใซ่ฒทใฃใฆใใใฃใใฎใใใฏใคใใใผใฎใ่ฟใใ |
ๅญไป:ๅคๅญใกใใใฉใใใใฎ๏ผๅ
ๆฐใชใ๏ผ |
ๅคๅญ:ใญใใๅญไปใใใๆตฉไบๅใซใใงใณใฌใผใๆธกใใฆใใใ๏ผ |
ๅญไป:ใ๏ผใใใใใกใใใๅฑใใฆใใใใใ |
ๅคๅญ:ใใใ ใใญใๅฑใใฆใใใใใญใ |
: ใใๆตฉไบๅใ็งใฎใใงใณใฌใผใ้ฃในใฆใใใใใชใใ |
: ใใใใใใใฆใใใงใณใฌใผใ็พๅณใใใชใใฃใใฎใใชใใ |
ๅญไป:ใใใใใใฏใใใใใใใใใฃใใใ |
ๅคๅญ:ใ๏ผใชใซ๏ผ๏ผ็งใฎใใงใณ้ฃในใใฎ๏ผ |
ๅญไป:ใใใใใใใใใ้ฃในใฆใชใใใ |
: ๆตฉไบใ้ฃในใใใชใใใใใกใใฃใจใ ใๅใใฆใใใฃใใใ ใใ |
ๅคๅญ:ใฒใฉใ๏ผๆตฉไบๅใๅญไปๅใซ็งใฎใใงใณใใใใใฎใญ๏ผ |
ๅญไป:ใงใใใใใใใฃใใใๆฌๅฝใซใ |
ๅคๅญ:ใใใใใใใๆฅๅนดใฏๅญไปๅใซ็พฉ็ใใงใณใไฝใฃใฆใใใใใ |
ไปๅบฆใฏ่ฑ่ชใๅ
ฅใใพใใ |
๏ผใใฏใคใใใผใๅญฆๆ กใฎใใฃใคใ ๏ผ |
(White Day, school bell rings) |
ใญใผใณใณใผใณใซใผใณใณใผใณ |
ๅญไป:ใใฏใใ๏ผๅคๅญใกใใใใใฎใใใฏใใใใใญใ |
English: Morning, Natsuko-chan! Cute bag. |
ๅคๅญ:ใใใใใใจใใใ็ถใใใซ่ฒทใฃใฆใใใฃใใฎใใใฏใคใใใผใฎใ่ฟใใ |
English: Thanks. My dad got it for me, as a White Day present. |
ๅญไป:ๅคๅญใกใใใฉใใใใฎ๏ผๅ
ๆฐใชใ๏ผ |
English: What's wrong Natsuko-chan? You don't look so good. |
ๅคๅญ:ใญใใๅญไปใใใๆตฉไบๅใซใใงใณใฌใผใๆธกใใฆใใใ๏ผ |
English: Keisuke-kun, did you give Koji-kun my chocolates? |
ๅญไป:ใ๏ผใใใใใกใใใๅฑใใฆใใใใใ |
English: Huh? Yeah, of course I did. |
ๅคๅญ:ใใใ ใใญใๅฑใใฆใใใใใญใ: ใใๆตฉไบๅใ็งใฎใใงใณใฌใผใ้ฃในใฆใใใใใชใใ |
English: Right, of course you did. I wonder if he ate them. |
: ใใใใใใใฆใใใงใณใฌใผใ็พๅณใใใชใใฃใใฎใใชใใ |
Maybe he didn't like themโฆ |
ๅญไป:ใใใใใใฏใใใใใใใใใฃใใใ |
English: No way, they were delicious! |
ๅคๅญ:ใ๏ผใชใซ๏ผ๏ผ็งใฎใใงใณ้ฃในใใฎ๏ผ |
English: Huh, what? You ate my chocolate?? |
ๅญไป:ใใใใใใใใใ้ฃในใฆใชใใใ: ๆตฉไบใ้ฃในใใใชใใใใใกใใฃใจใ ใๅใใฆใใใฃใใใ ใใ |
English: No, no, no. I didn't. But Koji couldn't eat them all, so he shared some with me. |
ๅคๅญ:ใฒใฉใ๏ผๆตฉไบๅใๅญไปๅใซ็งใฎใใงใณใใใใใฎใญ๏ผ |
English: That's horrible! So Koji-kun gave you my chocolate! |
ๅญไป:ใงใใใใใใใฃใใใๆฌๅฝใซใ |
English: But they were delicious, really. |
ๅคๅญ:ใใใใใใใๆฅๅนดใฏๅญไปๅใซ็พฉ็ใใงใณใไฝใฃใฆใใใใใ |
English: Really...well, I guess I'll give you some obligatory chocolate next year then. |
POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
Yuichi: ใฏใใใใใๆ็ตๅใงใใใThis is the final episode of our Valentine's Day story. ๅคๅญใใๆๅพใซ็พฉ็ใใงใณใไฝใฃใฆใใใใ๏ผใฃใฆ่จใฃใฆใพใใใญใ็พฉ็ใใงใณใไฝใๆใใฆใใใใพใใ๏ผ็ด็พๅ
็ใ Could you tell us what ็พฉ็ใใงใณ is? |
Naomi: ็พฉ็ใใงใณใฃใฆ่จใใฎใฏobligation Chocolate?ใใใฌใณใฟใคใณใใผใฎใใงใณใฌใผใใซใฏไบใคๅๅใใใพใใใใใจๆใใใงใใญใไธใคใฏใๆฌๅฝใใงใณใใฒใจใคใฏ็พฉ็ใใงใณใงใใ |
Peter: ๆฌๅฝใใงใณ chocolate for one's sweetheartใ็พฉ็ใใงใณใchocolate out of courtesy๏ผ |
Naomi: ใใใงใใญใๅฅฝใใชไบบใซใใใใฎใฏๆฌๅฝใใงใณใ็พฉ็ใใงใณใฏใไผ็คพใฎๅๅใจใใจใใ ใกใซใใใพใใๅพใฏใใใใใใฎไบบใใใงใณใฌใผใใใใใชใใใใใใใใใ ใชใใปใปใปใจใๆใฃใไบบใซใใใใใใใพใใญใ |
Peter: So girls give ๆฌๅฝใใงใณto someone who they love.ใ็พฉ็ใใงใณ is given to a co-workers or someone who has really done nice things. And then itโs also a kind of like sympathy chocolate for someone he likes oh that guy is not going to get it anything. And then there is also ๅใใงใณ. |
Naomi: ใใผใใใญใ |
Peter: So girls give it to each other. |
Naomi: ใชใใใwe exchange chocolate. |
Yuichi: ใใฃใใชใใฟใใใๅปๅนด็พฉ็ใใงใณใใใพใใใใญใ |
Naomi: ใใใฏ็พฉ็ใใงใณใใใชใใฃใใฎใซใ |
Yuichi: ใฟใใชใใใฃใฆใพใใใใใญใใฏใใใใผใฟใผใใใใใพใใใใญใใชใใฟใใใใ๏ผ |
Peter: ใจใโ๏ผ็ฌ๏ผไปใฎใฏไฝใงใใใฃใ๏ผ |
Naomi: ไปใฎใฏๅ่ซใงใใ |
Peter: So youโre just kidding around. |
Naomi: ็พฉ็ใใงใณใใพใใญใใฟใชใใใซใใพใใฟใใใจ็งใใใใงใณใฌใผใใๆธกใใพใใใ |
Yuichi: ใงใๆฌๅฝใใงใณใฏใ ใใใๆไฝใใงใ็พฉ็ใใงใณใฏ่ฒทใฃใใใคใงใใใญ๏ผ |
Peter: Basically ๆฌๅฝใใงใณ is homemade, andใ็พฉ็ใใงใณ is store bought. |
Naomi: ใใใชใใจใฏใชใใงใใใ |
Peter: ใชใใงใใญใ |
Naomi: ใ ใฃใฆใใๅบใง่ฒทใฃใใใงใณใฌใผใใฎๆนใ็ตถๅฏพใซใใใใใงใใใใใฎใปใใๅฎใใใงใใใ็งใๅใซๅฅณใฎๅญใใใๅใใงใณใงใๆไฝใใใงใณใฌใผใใใใฃใใใจใใใพใใใฉใใพใๅพฎๅฆใงใใใญใ |
Peter: So I donโt know this is ...I donโt know uh...let me try explain. So Naomi-sensei feels that itโs not the case that ๆฌๅฝ itโs not like we both feel cases that ๆฌๅฝใใงใณ is not necessarily ๆฌๅฝ the person he really love but it could be ????(00: 09: 30) Naomi-sensei feels very strongly that you have spend money to show you a love. |
Naomi: ใใใชไบบใชใฎ็งใฏ๏ผ๏ผ็ฌ๏ผ |
Peter: And then ๆฌๅฝ its stuff ????(00: 09: 41) It really doesnโt matter the person put their heart into making the stuff. Its taste matters. ๅคงไฝใใใชๆใใงใใญใ |
Nomi: There is not what Iโm trying to say.ใใฎใใพใ็พๅณใใๆนใใใใใ๏ผไธๅ็ฌ๏ผใๅบใง่ฒทใฃใๆนใ่ฏใใจใๅงใใใฏๆใใพใใ |
VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE |
Peter: Let's have a closer look at the usage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson. |
Naomi: ๆๅใฎๅ่ชใฏ๏ผ |
Yuichi: ใ่ฟใใ(a return gift /to give something back) |
Naomi: ใ ใฏใhonorific prefixใงใใญใ ่ฟใใใฏใ masu stem of a verb ่ฟใ to return. |
ใ่ฟใใใใใใ่ฟใใใใใ |
Peter: It can be to return a gift. It has several other meanings but in this case, to return a gift. To return a gift ???(00: 10: 30) you give a gift back not you return a gift to store,so to return someoneโs gift. To return the act of getting a gift by giving a gift. |
Naomi: ใใฆใใฆใฎใใใใกใใใฏใใใฌใณใฟใคใณใใผใฎใ่ฟใใฏใใพใใใใ |
Yuichi: ใใฃใผใจใใใฆใใฆใงใฏใชใใฎใงใใฏใใใใพใใใ |
Naomi: ใใฃ๏ผใใชใใใ ใ |
Yuichi: ใพใไบบใซใใใพใใ |
Naomi: ใฉใใใใใจใ ใใใใฒใฉใใญใผใ |
Peter: ใฒใฉใใงใใญใผใใใใใใใฆใใฆใชไบบใงใใญใ |
Naomi: ใใฆใใฆใ ใใใใใงใคในใใใใใฃใฑใใใใใ ใญใ |
Yuichi: ใงใใใใผใฟใผใใใ่ฟใใฃใฆ้ขๅใใใใชใใงใใ๏ผ |
Peter: ใใผใใใใฉใใใใงใใญใใพใใ1ๅใใใใฏ่ฏใใงใใใฉโฆใงใใใกใใฃใจใใใฉใใใใงใใญใItโs kind of a pain to give things back. I prefer to skip. |
Naomi: ๆฌกใฎๅ่ชใฏใๅใใ ๏ผto share๏ผใ็ฅไธใใใ ไพๆใ้กใใใพใใ |
Yuichi: ่ช็ๆฅใซใฑใผใญใใใใฃใใฎใงใๅฎถๆใงๅใใฆใในใใ |
Peter: I received a birthday cake. So I shared it with my family and we ate it. ใกใใฃใจๆๅณใใใใชใใงใใๅฎถๆใใใฑใผใญใใใใงใใใ |
Naomi: ้ใ้ใใๅคๅใ็ฅไธใใใฏๅ้ใใ่ช็ๆฅใฎใฑใผใญใใใใฃใใใงใใใงใใใใคใซๅใใใใงใใ๏ผ๏ผHow many pieces did you divide it into?๏ผ |
Yuichi: ใ๏ผใคใซใใใพใใใ |
Peter: Into 4 pieces. |
Naomi: ใใฃใ4ไบบๅฎถๆ๏ผ |
Yuichi: ใใฃใใใใงใใญใใฏใใ |
Naomi: ๆฌกใฎๅ่ชใฏ๏ผ |
Yuichi: ๅฑใใใ(to deliver)ใใใฎในใใผใชใผใงใฏๅญไปใใใๆตฉไบๅใซใใงใณใฌใผใใๅฑใใพใใใญใ |
Peter: ๅฑใใใis a transitive verb so you need an object and object marker ใใใใ |
Naomi: ใใงใณใๅฑใใใ |
Peter: The intransitive verb is |
Naomi: ๅฑใใ |
Peter: to arrive, to be deliveredใFor transitive verb there are no object. And things to deliver is marked with... |
Yuichi: ใ |
Naomi: ใใงใณใๅฑใใ |
Yuichi: ใใงใณใๅฑใใใ |
Peter: To deliver chocolate |
Yuichi: ใใงใณใๅฑใใ๏ผChocolate is arrived.) |
Peter: Onto todayโs grammar point. |
Naomi: ๆฌกใฏๆๆณใงใใ |
Lesson focus
|
Peter: In the last two lessons, we covered the "giving" auxiliary verbs, kureru and ageru. In today's lesson, weโre going to focus on the receiving verb morau as an auxiliary verb. When ใใใ follows the -te form of another verb, it acts as an auxiliary meaning "someone is doing something for [me or a person in group]." Okey, I think we can explain this much clear through examples by introducing the verb |
Yuichi: ่ฒทใ (to buy) |
Peter: Whatโs the te form |
Yuichi: ่ฒทใฃใฆ |
Peter: Now letโs combine with the receiving verb ใใใ |
Yuichi: ่ฒทใฃใฆใใใ |
Peter: This means to have someone buy something for you. To receive that action of buying for you. Now here the object marked is ใใใ and letโs just pick up the object โLetโs go with a car.โ We have... |
Yuchi: ่ปใ่ฒทใฃใฆใใใ |
Peter: So this means to receive the buying a car.The doer of the verb ใใใ is marked by ใซใin this case,so the person who buys the car for the speaker or someone in this speakerโs group is marked with ใใซใ so Yuichi-sensei, what happend letโs say Naomi-sensei buys a car for me. |
Yuichi: ใชใใฟใใใซ่ปใใใฃใฆใใใใ |
Peter: The buyer of the car is Naomi-sensei. She is marked with one more time. |
Yuichi: ใซ |
Peter: ใชใใฟๅ
็ใซ่ปใ่ฒทใฃใฆใใใใThe receiver is the Subject there marked with. |
Yuichi: ใฏ |
Peter: So in this case |
Yuichi: ใผใใฏใใชใใฟใใใซ่ปใใใฃใฆใใใใ |
Peter: Yuichi also received the buying of a car. Again marked by ใฏ and buyer doer of the action when combined the verb te-ใใใ is marked by ใซ. The sentence structure is same as when we use the verb ใใใ, |
Naomi: ่ฒทใฃใฆใใใชใใงใใใฉใญใ๏ผไธๅ็ฌ๏ผ็งใฏใ็ฅไธใใใซ่ปใ่ฒทใฃใฆใใใพใใใ |
Peter: ใฑใใงใใญใ |
Naomi: ็ก็็ก็ใ้ซใใใใใ ใฃใฆใ |
Peter: ใ ใฃใฆใไธญๅคใใใใพใใใใฑใใ |
Naomi: Iโm concerning about environment. |
Peter: ็ตๆธใซใใใ |
Yuichi: ใใใใ่ช่ปข่ปใ่ฒทใฃใฆใใใใพใใ |
Naomi: ใฏใใ่ฒทใใพใใใจ๏ผใใผใใใผใฟใผใใใ่ชฐใใใฎใใฌใณใฟใคใณใใผใฎในใใผใชใๆธใใใ็ฅใฃใฆใใพใใ๏ผ |
Peter: So do I know who wrote the story? ใฏใใ็ฅใฃใฆใพใใใ็ฅไธๅ
็ใงใใญใ |
Naomi: ใใใงใใ็ฅไธใใใในใใผใชใผใจใฌใในใณใใผใใๆธใใฆใใใพใใใ |
Peter: Yuichi wrote the story and the lesson notes. |
Yuichi: ใงใใ็็ฑ็พใใใจใ็ด็พใใใจใใใใจใซใใใซ็ดใใฆใใใใพใใใ |
Peter: But he received the corrections from Daniel, Naomi and Mayumi. |
Naomi: ใญใๅใใงใใญใใใผใฟใผใใใ็ฅไธใใใ่คใใฆใใใฆใใ ใใใใใใใใ่ช่ปข่ปใ่ฒทใฃใฆใใใฆใใ ใใใ |
Peter: ไปๆนใชใใงใใญใ |
Naomi: ใใผใใใใใใใ๏ผ็ดๆใใใใ |
Peter: ใปใใฆใใใพใใ |
Yuichi: ่ช่ปข่ปใฏ๏ผ |
Peter: ใใใ็ฅไธใใใใใฎในใใผใชใผใฏๆชใใชใใงใใญใ |
Yuichi: ใฏใใใใใใจใใใใใพใใ |
Naomi: ใงใ่ช่ปข่ปใฏ๏ผ |
Peter: ่ช่ปข่ปใ่ฒทใฃใฆใใใพใใ |
Naomi: ใปใใจ๏ผใใใผใ๏ผ |
Yuichi: ใใใใในใฟใธใชใพใง่ช่ปข่ปใงใใใใใใพใใ |
Naomi: ใใใผใใใใใฃใใญใ็ฅไธๅใญใ |
Yuichi: ใฏใใ |
Naomi: ใใใใใฌใในใณใฏใใฎใธใใงใ |
Yuichi: ใใใชใใ |
DIALOGUE |
๏ผใใฏใคใใใผใๅญฆๆ กใฎใใฃใคใ ๏ผ |
ใญใผใณใณใผใณใซใผใณใณใผใณ |
ๅญไป:ใใฏใใ๏ผๅคๅญใกใใใใใฎใใใฏใใใใใญใ |
ๅคๅญ:ใใใใใใจใใใ็ถใใใซ่ฒทใฃใฆใใใฃใใฎใใใฏใคใใใผใฎใ่ฟใใ |
ๅญไป:ๅคๅญใกใใใฉใใใใฎ๏ผๅ
ๆฐใชใ๏ผ |
ๅคๅญ:ใญใใๅญไปใใใๆตฉไบๅใซใใงใณใฌใผใๆธกใใฆใใใ๏ผ |
ๅญไป:ใ๏ผใใใใใกใใใๅฑใใฆใใใใใ |
ๅคๅญ:ใใใ ใใญใๅฑใใฆใใใใใญใ |
: ใใๆตฉไบๅใ็งใฎใใงใณใฌใผใ้ฃในใฆใใใใใชใใ |
: ใใใใใใใฆใใใงใณใฌใผใ็พๅณใใใชใใฃใใฎใใชใใ |
ๅญไป:ใใใใใใฏใใใใใใใใใฃใใใ |
ๅคๅญ:ใ๏ผใชใซ๏ผ๏ผ็งใฎใใงใณ้ฃในใใฎ๏ผ |
ๅญไป:ใใใใใใใใใ้ฃในใฆใชใใใ |
: ๆตฉไบใ้ฃในใใใชใใใใใกใใฃใจใ ใๅใใฆใใใฃใใใ ใใ |
ๅคๅญ:ใฒใฉใ๏ผๆตฉไบๅใๅญไปๅใซ็งใฎใใงใณใใใใใฎใญ๏ผ |
ๅญไป:ใงใใใใใใใฃใใใๆฌๅฝใซใ |
ๅคๅญ:ใใใใใใใๆฅๅนดใฏๅญไปๅใซ็พฉ็ใใงใณใไฝใฃใฆใใใใใ |
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