Learn how to use a Japanese verb to indicate change
Now Playing: Lesson Audio
Get a breakdown of the dialogue and translations instantly with the Premium line-by-line Audio. Sign up for your Free Lifetime Account Now and get 7 Days of Premium Access including this feature.
Get this lesson’s key vocab, their translations and pronunciations. Sign up for your Free Lifetime Account Now and get 7 Days of Premium Access including this feature.
Unlock Lesson Notes and Transcripts for every single lesson. Sign Up for a Free Lifetime Account and Get 7 Days of Premium Access.
| INTRODUCTION |
| Naomi: なおみです。(Naomi desu.) |
| Peter: Peter here. Did you have a Japanese makeover? In this lesson, you'll learn how to say "make something [blank]" as in "make something [short]". |
| Naomi: Right. The usage of 〜する (- suru). |
| Peter: Three people are involved in the conversation. |
| Naomi: そうです。３人の会話ですね。(Sō desu. San-nin no kaiwa desu ne.) |
| 絵理花さん、新さん、それから部長さん。(Erika-san, Shin-san, sorekara buchō-san.) |
| Peter: Erika, Shin and the manager. |
| Naomi: ３人は会社にいます。(San-nin wa kaisha ni imasu.) |
| Peter: They're in the office. Now, Erika is using formal Japanese. The manager is using informal Japanese. Shin uses informal Japanese to Erika, but he uses formal Japanese when speaking to the manager. |
| Naomi: はい。そうです。では、聞きましょう。(Hai. Sō desu. Dewa, kikimashō.) |
| Peter: Let's listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| 左 絵理花 (Hidari Erika) : 下山先輩、おはようございます。(Shimoyama-senpai, ohayō gozaimasu.) |
| : あ、髪形（を）変えました？(A, kamigata o kaemashita?) |
| 下山 新 (Shimoyama Shin) : 暑いから、短くしたんだ。(Atsui kara, mijikaku shita n da.) |
| 左 絵理花 (Hidari Erika) : 似合っていますよ。(Niatte imasu yo.) |
| : 体調は よくなったんですか。(Taichō wa yoku natta n desu ka.) |
| 下山 新 (Shimoyama Shin) : ああ、おかげさまで よくなったよ。(Ā, okage-sama de yoku natta yo.) |
| 部長 (buchō) : おーい、下山。(Ōi, Shimoyama.) |
| 下山 新 (Shimoyama Shin) : あ、おはようございます、部長。(A, ohayō gozaimasu, buchō.) |
| 部長 (buchō) : 色々なことがあって、出張は中止になった。ごめんな。(Iroiro na koto ga atte, shucchō wa chūshi ni natta. Gomen na.) |
| : でも、君を 今度のプロジェクトの責任者に するから、頑張れよ。(Demo, kimi o kondo no purojekuto no sekininsha ni suru kara, ganbare yo.) |
| 下山 新 (Shimoyama Shin) : は？僕ですか？(Ha? Boku desu ka?) |
| 左 絵理花 (Hidari Erika) : すごい。先輩。プロジェクトリーダーに なるんですか。(Sugoi. Senpai. Purojekuto rīdā ni naru n desu ka.) |
| : これから もっと 忙しくなりますね。(Kore kara motto isogashiku narimasu ne.) |
| Naomi: もう一度、お願いします。今度はゆっくりお願いします。(Mō ichi-do, onegai shimasu. Kondo wa yukkuri onegai shimasu.) |
| 左 絵理花 (Hidari Erika) : 下山先輩、おはようございます。(Shimoyama-senpai, ohayō gozaimasu.) |
| : あ、髪形（を）変えました？(A, kamigata o kaemashita?) |
| 下山 新 (Shimoyama Shin) : 暑いから、短くしたんだ。(Atsui kara, mijikaku shita n da.) |
| 左 絵理花 (Hidari Erika) : 似合っていますよ。(Niatte imasu yo.) |
| : 体調は よくなったんですか。(Taichō wa yoku natta n desu ka.) |
| 下山 新 (Shimoyama Shin) : ああ、おかげさまで よくなったよ。(Ā, okage-sama de yoku natta yo.) |
| 部長 (buchō) : おーい、下山。(Ōi, Shimoyama.) |
| 下山 新 (Shimoyama Shin) : あ、おはようございます、部長。(A, ohayō gozaimasu, buchō.) |
| 部長 (buchō) : 色々なことがあって、出張は中止になった。ごめんな。(Iroiro na koto ga atte, shucchō wa chūshi ni natta. Gomen na.) |
| : でも、君を 今度のプロジェクトの責任者に するから、頑張れよ。(Demo, kimi o kondo no purojekuto no sekininsha ni suru kara, ganbare yo.) |
| 下山 新 (Shimoyama Shin) : は？僕ですか？(Ha? Boku desu ka?) |
| 左 絵理花 (Hidari Erika) : すごい。先輩。プロジェクトリーダーに なるんですか。(Sugoi. Senpai. Purojekuto rīdā ni naru n desu ka.) |
| : これから もっと 忙しくなりますね。(Kore kara motto isogashiku narimasu ne.) |
| Naomi: 今度は、英語が入ります。(Kondo wa, Eigo ga hairimasu.) |
| 左 絵理花 (Hidari Erika) : 下山先輩、おはようございます。(Shimoyama-senpai, ohayō gozaimasu.) |
| Good morning, Shimoyama-senpai! |
| : あ、髪形（を）変えました？(A, kamigata o kaemashita?) |
| Oh, did you change your hairstyle? |
| 下山 新 (Shimoyama Shin) : 暑いから、短くしたんだ。(Atsui kara, mijikaku shita n da.) |
| It's hot, so I had it cut short. |
| 左 絵理花 (Hidari Erika) : 似合っていますよ。(Niatte imasu yo.) |
| It looks great on you! |
| : 体調は よくなったんですか。(Taichō wa yoku natta n desu ka.) |
| Are you feeling all better? |
| 下山 新 (Shimoyama Shin) : ああ、おかげさまで よくなったよ。(Ā, okage-sama de yoku natta yo.) |
| Oh, thanks for asking. I'm a lot better now. |
| 部長 (buchō) : おーい、下山。(Ōi, Shimoyama.) |
| Hey, Shimoyama! |
| 下山 新 (Shimoyama Shin) : あ、おはようございます、部長。(A, ohayō gozaimasu, buchō.) |
| Oh, good morning, manager. |
| 部長 (buchō) : 色々なことがあって、出張は中止になった。ごめんな。(Iroiro na koto ga atte, shucchō wa chūshi ni natta. Gomen na.) |
| We've had a lot going on, and so the business trip has been canceled. Sorry about that. |
| : でも、君を 今度のプロジェクトの責任者に するから、頑張れよ。(Demo, kimi o kondo no purojekuto no sekininsha ni suru kara, ganbare yo.) |
| But I'm going to make you in charge of our next project coming up, so do your best. |
| 下山 新 (Shimoyama Shin) : は？僕ですか？(Ha? Boku desu ka?) |
| What? Me? |
| 左 絵理花 (Hidari Erika) : すごい。先輩。プロジェクトリーダーに なるんですか。(Sugoi. Senpai. Purojekuto rīdā ni naru n desu ka.) |
| Wow! You're going to be the project leader! |
| : これから もっと 忙しくなりますね。(Kore kara motto isogashiku narimasu ne.) |
| You're going to get even busier! |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Peter: 新は髪を切りましたね。(Shin wa kami o kirimashita ne.) |
| Naomi: うん。(Un.) |
| Peter: So Shin cut his hair. |
| Naomi: そうですね。髪の毛を切ったみたいですね。(Sō desu ne. Kami no ke o kitta mitai desu ne.) It seems like he got a haircut. |
| Peter: Now, Naomi-sensei, you said かみのけ (kami no ke). Isn't that a bit redundant? Because both 髪 (kami) and 毛 (ke) mean "hair". |
| Naomi: うるさいな。(Urusai na.) But good point! But we use 髪の毛 (kami no ke) and 髪 (kami) for hair on the head, and I'd say they're pretty much interchangeable. |
| Peter: How about 毛 (ke)？You can't say 毛を切りました (ke o kirimashita)? |
| Naomi: Nope. 毛 (ke) is hair in general. |
| Peter: Including body hair. |
| Naomi: そうそう。(Sō sō.) Right. It also includes animal hair. For example, ネコの毛 (neko no ke) |
| Peter: “cat's fur” |
| Naomi: 犬の毛 (inu no ke) |
| Peter: “dog's hair” |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Peter: Let's take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. |
| The first word is: |
| 似合う (niau) [natural native speed] |
| to suit, to match |
| 似合う (niau) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| 似合う (niau) [natural native speed] |
| Next: |
| 中止 (chūshi) [natural native speed] |
| suspension, cancellation, halt |
| 中止 (chūshi) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| 中止 (chūshi) [natural native speed] |
| Next: |
| 今度 (kondo) [natural native speed] |
| next time, this time |
| 今度 (kondo) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| 今度 (kondo) [natural native speed] |
| Next: |
| 責任者 (sekininsha) [natural native speed] |
| person in charge, responsible person |
| 責任者 (sekininsha) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| 責任者 (sekininsha) [natural native speed] |
| Next: |
| 頑張る (ganbaru) [natural native speed] |
| to try one's best, to hang in there |
| 頑張る (ganbaru) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| 頑張る (ganbaru) [natural native speed] |
| VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE |
| Peter: Let's have a closer look at the usage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson. |
| The first one we'll look at is... |
| Naomi: 頑張れ (ganbare) |
| Peter: "Do your best!" "Try hard!" "Good luck!" |
| Naomi: 頑張れ (ganbare) is the imperative form of the verb 頑張る (ganbaru). |
| Peter: Ganbaru is a very common verb that means to "do one's best" or " to work very hard." |
| Now, Naomi-sensei, 頑張って (ganbatte) also means "good luck" or "Do your best", right? |
| Naomi: そうですね。でも、「頑張れ！」の方が強いです。 (Sō desu ne. Demo, “ganbare” no hō ga tsuyoi desu.) |
| Peter: So 頑張れ (ganbare) has a much stronger connotation. |
| Naomi: Right, because this is the imperative form. Imperative basically means "command", right? |
| Peter: Right.It's often used when cheering at sports events, right? |
| Naomi: あ、そうですね。 あと、男の人がよく使います。(A, sō desu ne. Ato, otoko no hito ga yoku tsukaimasu.) I think 頑張れ (ganbare) is more often used by men. Women tend to say 頑張って (ganbatte). |
| Peter: Next, we have... |
| Naomi: 責任者 (sekininsha) |
| Peter: "person in charge" This word is made up of two parts, right? |
| Naomi: はい。(Hai.) 責任 (sekinin) |
| Peter: responsibility |
| Naomi: And 者 (sha) |
| Peter: suffix meaning person. So altogether, "responsibility”, “person", which of course means "person in charge." |
| Naomi: Here's a sample sentence. 責任者は誰ですか。(Sekininsha wa dare desu ka.) |
| Peter: Who's the person in charge? あんまり聞きたくないな。(Anmari kikitaku nai na.) On to the grammar point. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Peter: In this lesson, you'll learn how to express change using the verb する (suru), to do. Now, remember, the verb する (suru) basically means "to do" or "to make." |
| Naomi-sensei, this lesson's target grammar is... |
| Naomi: the adverbial form of an adjective ＋ する (suru) |
| Peter: "To make something or someone a certain state". Let's look at an example. Naomi-sensei, What’s the adjective for “sweet”? |
| Naomi: あまい (amai) |
| Peter: How do you say "to make something sweet"? |
| Naomi: あまくする (amaku suru) |
| Peter: あまく (amaku) is the adverbial form of the i-adjective あまい (amai), sweet. It's followed by する (suru), the verb "to make" or "to do". |
| Naomi: You get the adverbial form of an i-adjective by just replacing the final い (i) with く (ku). |
| Peter: So あまい (amai), “sweet” becomes |
| Naomi: あまく (amaku) |
| Peter: あかるい (akarui), “bright” becomes |
| Naomi: あかるく (akaruku) |
| Peter: みじかい (mijikai), “short” becomes |
| Naomi: みじかく (mijikaku) |
| Peter: So, let's say the phrase "Make something bright." Remember, "bright" is |
| Naomi: あかるい (akarui) |
| Peter: The adverbial form is? |
| Naomi: あかるく (akaruku) |
| Peter: To that, attach する (suru) to get |
| Naomi: あかるくする (akaruku suru) |
| Peter: “To make bright.” |
| Naomi: Here's a sample sentence. 私は、部屋を明るくした。(Watashi wa, heya o akaruku shita.) |
| Peter: I made my room bright, as in, I turned on the lights to make it brighter. |
| Naomi: Notice that the 部屋 (heya), room is marked by the particle を (o). 部屋を明るくした。(Heya o akaruku shita.) |
| Peter: The object changed should be marked by the particle を (o). One more example. Let's say the phrase "Make something short." As in make something shorter in length. "Short" is |
| Naomi: みじかい (mijikai) |
| Peter: The adverbial form is? |
| Naomi: みじかく (mijikaku) |
| Peter: To that, attach する (suru) to get |
| Naomi: みじかくする (mijikaku suru) |
| Peter: How would you say "I made my hair short", as in "I cut my hair?" |
| Naomi: 私は髪を短くした。(Watashi wa kami o mijikaku shita.) |
| Peter: OK. Let's review this lesson with a quiz. |
| Naomi: はい。(Hai.) |
| Peter: "I made coffee sweet"? |
| Naomi: “Coffee” is コーヒー (kōhī), “sweet” is あまい (amai). So… 私はコーヒーをあまくした。(Watashi wa kōhī o amaku shita.) |
| Peter: I made the coffee sweet. OK, repeat. |
| Naomi: 私はコーヒーをあまくした。(Watashi wa kōhī o amaku shita.) |
| Peter: OK. Listeners, say "I made the coffee sweet" in Japanese. |
| Naomi: 私はコーヒーをあまくした。(Watashi wa kōhī o amaku shita.) |
| Peter: That's all for this lesson. Now, don’t forget to stop by JapanesePod101.com and pick up the lesson notes. There is a detailed explanation in the lesson notes about the usage of する (suru) after na-adjectives and nouns, so be sure to read it. |
| Naomi: お願いします。じゃ、また。(Onegai shimasu. Ja, mata.) |
Easily master this lesson’s grammar points with in-depth explanations and examples. Sign up for your Free Lifetime Account and get 7 Days of Premium Access including this feature.
Get complete breakdowns, review with quizzes and download printable practice sheets! Sign up for your Free Lifetime Account Now and get 7 Days of Premium Access including this feature.
Comments
Hide