Dialogue

Vocabulary (Review)

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Lesson Transcript

INTRODUCTION
Naomi: なおみです。(Naomi desu.)
Peter: Peter here. Did you have a Japanese makeover? In this lesson, you'll learn how to say "make something [blank]" as in "make something [short]".
Naomi: Right. The usage of 〜する (- suru).
Peter: Three people are involved in the conversation.
Naomi: そうです。3人の会話ですね。(Sō desu. San-nin no kaiwa desu ne.)
絵理花さん、新さん、それから部長さん。(Erika-san, Shin-san, sorekara buchō-san.)
Peter: Erika, Shin and the manager.
Naomi: 3人は会社にいます。(San-nin wa kaisha ni imasu.)
Peter: They're in the office. Now, Erika is using formal Japanese. The manager is using informal Japanese. Shin uses informal Japanese to Erika, but he uses formal Japanese when speaking to the manager.
Naomi: はい。そうです。では、聞きましょう。(Hai. Sō desu. Dewa, kikimashō.)
Peter: Let's listen to the conversation.
DIALOGUE
左 絵理花 (Hidari Erika) : 下山先輩、おはようございます。(Shimoyama-senpai, ohayō gozaimasu.)
: あ、髪形(を)変えました?(A, kamigata o kaemashita?)
下山 新 (Shimoyama Shin) : 暑いから、短くしたんだ。(Atsui kara, mijikaku shita n da.)
左 絵理花 (Hidari Erika) : 似合っていますよ。(Niatte imasu yo.)
: 体調は よくなったんですか。(Taichō wa yoku natta n desu ka.)
下山 新 (Shimoyama Shin) : ああ、おかげさまで よくなったよ。(Ā, okage-sama de yoku natta yo.)
部長 (buchō) : おーい、下山。(Ōi, Shimoyama.)
下山 新 (Shimoyama Shin) : あ、おはようございます、部長。(A, ohayō gozaimasu, buchō.)
部長 (buchō) : 色々なことがあって、出張は中止になった。ごめんな。(Iroiro na koto ga atte, shucchō wa chūshi ni natta. Gomen na.)
: でも、君を 今度のプロジェクトの責任者に するから、頑張れよ。(Demo, kimi o kondo no purojekuto no sekininsha ni suru kara, ganbare yo.)
下山 新 (Shimoyama Shin) : は?僕ですか?(Ha? Boku desu ka?)
左 絵理花 (Hidari Erika) : すごい。先輩。プロジェクトリーダーに なるんですか。(Sugoi. Senpai. Purojekuto rīdā ni naru n desu ka.)
: これから もっと 忙しくなりますね。(Kore kara motto isogashiku narimasu ne.)
Naomi: もう一度、お願いします。今度はゆっくりお願いします。(Mō ichi-do, onegai shimasu. Kondo wa yukkuri onegai shimasu.)
左 絵理花 (Hidari Erika) : 下山先輩、おはようございます。(Shimoyama-senpai, ohayō gozaimasu.)
: あ、髪形(を)変えました?(A, kamigata o kaemashita?)
下山 新 (Shimoyama Shin) : 暑いから、短くしたんだ。(Atsui kara, mijikaku shita n da.)
左 絵理花 (Hidari Erika) : 似合っていますよ。(Niatte imasu yo.)
: 体調は よくなったんですか。(Taichō wa yoku natta n desu ka.)
下山 新 (Shimoyama Shin) : ああ、おかげさまで よくなったよ。(Ā, okage-sama de yoku natta yo.)
部長 (buchō) : おーい、下山。(Ōi, Shimoyama.)
下山 新 (Shimoyama Shin) : あ、おはようございます、部長。(A, ohayō gozaimasu, buchō.)
部長 (buchō) : 色々なことがあって、出張は中止になった。ごめんな。(Iroiro na koto ga atte, shucchō wa chūshi ni natta. Gomen na.)
: でも、君を 今度のプロジェクトの責任者に するから、頑張れよ。(Demo, kimi o kondo no purojekuto no sekininsha ni suru kara, ganbare yo.)
下山 新 (Shimoyama Shin) : は?僕ですか?(Ha? Boku desu ka?)
左 絵理花 (Hidari Erika) : すごい。先輩。プロジェクトリーダーに なるんですか。(Sugoi. Senpai. Purojekuto rīdā ni naru n desu ka.)
: これから もっと 忙しくなりますね。(Kore kara motto isogashiku narimasu ne.)
Naomi: 今度は、英語が入ります。(Kondo wa, Eigo ga hairimasu.)
左 絵理花 (Hidari Erika) : 下山先輩、おはようございます。(Shimoyama-senpai, ohayō gozaimasu.)
Good morning, Shimoyama-senpai!
: あ、髪形(を)変えました?(A, kamigata o kaemashita?)
Oh, did you change your hairstyle?
下山 新 (Shimoyama Shin) : 暑いから、短くしたんだ。(Atsui kara, mijikaku shita n da.)
It's hot, so I had it cut short.
左 絵理花 (Hidari Erika) : 似合っていますよ。(Niatte imasu yo.)
It looks great on you!
: 体調は よくなったんですか。(Taichō wa yoku natta n desu ka.)
Are you feeling all better?
下山 新 (Shimoyama Shin) : ああ、おかげさまで よくなったよ。(Ā, okage-sama de yoku natta yo.)
Oh, thanks for asking. I'm a lot better now.
部長 (buchō) : おーい、下山。(Ōi, Shimoyama.)
Hey, Shimoyama!
下山 新 (Shimoyama Shin) : あ、おはようございます、部長。(A, ohayō gozaimasu, buchō.)
Oh, good morning, manager.
部長 (buchō) : 色々なことがあって、出張は中止になった。ごめんな。(Iroiro na koto ga atte, shucchō wa chūshi ni natta. Gomen na.)
We've had a lot going on, and so the business trip has been canceled. Sorry about that.
: でも、君を 今度のプロジェクトの責任者に するから、頑張れよ。(Demo, kimi o kondo no purojekuto no sekininsha ni suru kara, ganbare yo.)
But I'm going to make you in charge of our next project coming up, so do your best.
下山 新 (Shimoyama Shin) : は?僕ですか?(Ha? Boku desu ka?)
What? Me?
左 絵理花 (Hidari Erika) : すごい。先輩。プロジェクトリーダーに なるんですか。(Sugoi. Senpai. Purojekuto rīdā ni naru n desu ka.)
Wow! You're going to be the project leader!
: これから もっと 忙しくなりますね。(Kore kara motto isogashiku narimasu ne.)
You're going to get even busier!
POST CONVERSATION BANTER
Peter: 新は髪を切りましたね。(Shin wa kami o kirimashita ne.)
Naomi: うん。(Un.)
Peter: So Shin cut his hair.
Naomi: そうですね。髪の毛を切ったみたいですね。(Sō desu ne. Kami no ke o kitta mitai desu ne.) It seems like he got a haircut.
Peter: Now, Naomi-sensei, you said かみのけ (kami no ke). Isn't that a bit redundant? Because both 髪 (kami) and 毛 (ke) mean "hair".
Naomi: うるさいな。(Urusai na.) But good point! But we use 髪の毛 (kami no ke) and 髪 (kami) for hair on the head, and I'd say they're pretty much interchangeable.
Peter: How about 毛 (ke)?You can't say 毛を切りました (ke o kirimashita)?
Naomi: Nope. 毛 (ke) is hair in general.
Peter: Including body hair.
Naomi: そうそう。(Sō sō.) Right. It also includes animal hair. For example, ネコの毛 (neko no ke)
Peter: “cat's fur”
Naomi: 犬の毛 (inu no ke)
Peter: “dog's hair”
VOCAB LIST
Peter: Let's take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson.
The first word is:
似合う (niau) [natural native speed]
to suit, to match
似合う (niau) [slowly - broken down by syllable]
似合う (niau) [natural native speed]
Next:
中止 (chūshi) [natural native speed]
suspension, cancellation, halt
中止 (chūshi) [slowly - broken down by syllable]
中止 (chūshi) [natural native speed]
Next:
今度 (kondo) [natural native speed]
next time, this time
今度 (kondo) [slowly - broken down by syllable]
今度 (kondo) [natural native speed]
Next:
責任者 (sekininsha) [natural native speed]
person in charge, responsible person
責任者 (sekininsha) [slowly - broken down by syllable]
責任者 (sekininsha) [natural native speed]
Next:
頑張る (ganbaru) [natural native speed]
to try one's best, to hang in there
頑張る (ganbaru) [slowly - broken down by syllable]
頑張る (ganbaru) [natural native speed]
VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE
Peter: Let's have a closer look at the usage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson.
The first one we'll look at is...
Naomi: 頑張れ (ganbare)
Peter: "Do your best!" "Try hard!" "Good luck!"
Naomi: 頑張れ (ganbare) is the imperative form of the verb 頑張る (ganbaru).
Peter: Ganbaru is a very common verb that means to "do one's best" or " to work very hard."
Now, Naomi-sensei, 頑張って (ganbatte) also means "good luck" or "Do your best", right?
Naomi: そうですね。でも、「頑張れ!」の方が強いです。 (Sō desu ne. Demo, “ganbare” no hō ga tsuyoi desu.)
Peter: So 頑張れ (ganbare) has a much stronger connotation.
Naomi: Right, because this is the imperative form. Imperative basically means "command", right?
Peter: Right.It's often used when cheering at sports events, right?
Naomi: あ、そうですね。 あと、男の人がよく使います。(A, sō desu ne. Ato, otoko no hito ga yoku tsukaimasu.) I think 頑張れ (ganbare) is more often used by men. Women tend to say 頑張って (ganbatte).
Peter: Next, we have...
Naomi: 責任者 (sekininsha) 
Peter: "person in charge" This word is made up of two parts, right?
Naomi: はい。(Hai.) 責任 (sekinin)
Peter: responsibility
Naomi: And 者 (sha)
Peter: suffix meaning person. So altogether, "responsibility”, “person", which of course means "person in charge."
Naomi: Here's a sample sentence. 責任者は誰ですか。(Sekininsha wa dare desu ka.)
Peter: Who's the person in charge? あんまり聞きたくないな。(Anmari kikitaku nai na.) On to the grammar point.

Lesson focus

Peter: In this lesson, you'll learn how to express change using the verb する (suru), to do. Now, remember, the verb する (suru) basically means "to do" or "to make."
Naomi-sensei, this lesson's target grammar is...
Naomi: the adverbial form of an adjective + する (suru)
Peter: "To make something or someone a certain state". Let's look at an example. Naomi-sensei, What’s the adjective for “sweet”?
Naomi: あまい (amai)
Peter: How do you say "to make something sweet"?
Naomi: あまくする (amaku suru)
Peter: あまく (amaku) is the adverbial form of the i-adjective あまい (amai), sweet. It's followed by する (suru), the verb "to make" or "to do".
Naomi: You get the adverbial form of an i-adjective by just replacing the final い (i) with く (ku).
Peter: So あまい (amai), “sweet” becomes
Naomi: あまく (amaku)
Peter: あかるい (akarui), “bright” becomes
Naomi: あかるく (akaruku)
Peter: みじかい (mijikai), “short” becomes
Naomi: みじかく (mijikaku)
Peter: So, let's say the phrase "Make something bright." Remember, "bright" is
Naomi: あかるい (akarui)
Peter: The adverbial form is?
Naomi: あかるく (akaruku)
Peter: To that, attach する (suru) to get
Naomi: あかるくする (akaruku suru)
Peter: “To make bright.”
Naomi: Here's a sample sentence. 私は、部屋を明るくした。(Watashi wa, heya o akaruku shita.)
Peter: I made my room bright, as in, I turned on the lights to make it brighter.
Naomi: Notice that the 部屋 (heya), room is marked by the particle を (o). 部屋を明るくした。(Heya o akaruku shita.)
Peter: The object changed should be marked by the particle を (o). One more example. Let's say the phrase "Make something short." As in make something shorter in length. "Short" is
Naomi: みじかい (mijikai)
Peter: The adverbial form is?
Naomi: みじかく (mijikaku)
Peter: To that, attach する (suru) to get
Naomi: みじかくする (mijikaku suru)
Peter: How would you say "I made my hair short", as in "I cut my hair?"
Naomi: 私は髪を短くした。(Watashi wa kami o mijikaku shita.)
Peter: OK. Let's review this lesson with a quiz.
Naomi: はい。(Hai.)
Peter: "I made coffee sweet"?
Naomi: “Coffee” is コーヒー (kōhī), “sweet” is あまい (amai). So… 私はコーヒーをあまくした。(Watashi wa kōhī o amaku shita.)
Peter: I made the coffee sweet. OK, repeat.
Naomi: 私はコーヒーをあまくした。(Watashi wa kōhī o amaku shita.)
Peter: OK. Listeners, say "I made the coffee sweet" in Japanese.
Naomi: 私はコーヒーをあまくした。(Watashi wa kōhī o amaku shita.)
Peter: That's all for this lesson. Now, don’t forget to stop by JapanesePod101.com and pick up the lesson notes. There is a detailed explanation in the lesson notes about the usage of する (suru) after na-adjectives and nouns, so be sure to read it.
Naomi: お願いします。じゃ、また。(Onegai shimasu. Ja, mata.)

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