Learn about expressing a conclusion one has reached
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Natsuko: ใใใซใกใฏใใชใคใใงใใ |
| Naomi: ใชใใฟใงใใ |
| Anthony: Anthony here. You Better Have a Good Reason! |
| Naomi: ใฟใคใใซใฏใYou better have a good reason...ใใผใใใใใฏใใฉใใใฃใฆ่จณใใพใใใใญใ็็ฑใใชใใกใ้ง็ฎใ ๏ผใชใซใ็็ฑใใใใฏใใ ๏ผใฃใฆๆใใงใใใญใ |
| Natsuko: ใใใงใใญใใชใใ่จณใใใใใงใใ๏ผใฃใฆใใๆใใงใใญใใจใใใใจใงใใใฎใฌใในใณใงใฏใ็็ฑใใ็ตๆใใ่กจใ่กจ็พใใใใ ใใฎไฝฟใๆนใๅๅผทใใพใใ |
| Anthony: In this lesson you'll learn about the usage of "wake da" which is used to express reason or conclusion |
| Natsuko: ไปๅใฎไผ่ฉฑใฏใใใใฟใใใจ้ๅฅใใใจใใไบไบบใฎๅฅณใฎๅญใฎไผ่ฉฑใงใใไบไบบใฎๅ้ใ็ถพ้ฆใใกใใใ็ทใฎๅญใจใใผใใใใฆใใใจใใใๅถ็ถใฟใใใใฟใใใงใใญใใ |
| Naomi: ใใฎๅญ้ใฏใใใคใใใใงใใใญ๏ผ |
| Natsuko: ้ซๆ ก็ใๅคงๅญฆ็ใใใใ ใจๆใใพใใๅ้ๅๅฃซใชใฎใงใใซใธใฅใขใซใซ่ฉฑใใฆใใพใใ |
| Anthony: The conversation is between 2 girls, Ayumi and Rina. They've seen their friend Ayaka going on a date with a boy. We assume that they are in high school or college. Since they're friends, they're using informal Japanese. |
| Natsuko: ใใใงใฏ่ใใฆใฟใพใใใใ |
| Anthony: Let's listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| ใใใฟ:ใใ๏ผใใใใซใใใฎใๅฅใจ็ถพ้ฆใใใชใ๏ผ๏ผ |
| ้ๅฅ:ใ๏ผ่ ใชใใ็ตใใใใฃใฆใใใฎไบไบบใไปใๅใฃใฆใใฃใฆใฎ๏ผ |
| ใใใฟ: ้็ใงใ็ถพ้ฆใๆ่ฟไปใๅใใๆชใใชใฃใใใใ ใ |
| : ็งใใกใ่ชใฃใฆใใ็็ฑใใคใใฆใๆญใฃใฆใใใฎใซใฏใใใใใ่จณใใใฃใใฎใญใ |
| : ใงใใๅ ็ทใซใใใชใใฆใๆฐด่ญใใใญใใ |
| ้ๅฅ:ใใใ ใญใใงใใใพใใปใปใปไปๆนใชใใใปใปใปใ |
| ใใใฟ:ใชใใงใ๏ผไฝใ่จณใใใใฎ๏ผ |
| ้ๅฅ:ๅฎใฏใใใใใๅฅใฎใใจใใใผใฃใจๅฅฝใใ ใฃใใใ ใใญใ |
| : ใใใงใใใใใฏใ็ถพ้ฆใซใใๅฅใจใฎไปฒใๅใๆใฃใฆใใฃใฆ้ ผใใงใใใฎใใ |
| ใใใฟ:ใใฃ๏ผใใใชใฎ๏ผ๏ผใใใ็ถพ้ฆใฏใใใใใๅฅใฎใใจๅฅฝใใ ใฃใฆ็ฅใฃใฆใใใ๏ผ๏ผ |
| ้ๅฅ:ใใใใใใใใจใซใชใใญใใ |
| : ใคใพใใ็ถพ้ฆใฏใใใใใ่ฃๅใฃใใใใใ |
| ใใใฟ:ใใใใใใ่จใๅบใใซใใใใใ ใ |
| Naomi:ๆฌกใฏ่ฑ่ชใๅ ฅใใพใใ |
| ใใใฟ:ใใ๏ผใใใใซใใใฎใๅฅใจ็ถพ้ฆใใใชใ๏ผ๏ผ |
| : Hmm? Isnโt that Ken and Ayaka over there?! |
| ้ๅฅ:ใ๏ผ่ ใชใใ็ตใใใใฃใฆใใใฎไบไบบใไปใๅใฃใฆใใฃใฆใฎ๏ผ |
| : Oh! What are they doing all arm in arm like that? Are they together? |
| ใใใฟ: ้็ใงใ็ถพ้ฆใๆ่ฟไปใๅใใๆชใใชใฃใใใใ ใ |
| : Well that explains why itโs been so hard to get Ayaka to come out lately. |
| : ็งใใกใ่ชใฃใฆใใ็็ฑใใคใใฆใๆญใฃใฆใใใฎใซใฏใใใใใ่จณใใใฃใใฎใญใ |
| :Even if we invite her out, lately it seems thereโs always some reason why she canโt come. |
| : ใงใใๅ ็ทใซใใใชใใฆใๆฐด่ญใใใญใใ |
| :But itโs pretty stand-offish of her to keep it all a secret. |
| ้ๅฅ:ใใใ ใญใใงใใใพใใปใปใปไปๆนใชใใใปใป |
| : Yeah. But wellโฆ I guess it canโt be helpedโฆ |
| ใใใฟ:ใชใใงใ๏ผไฝใ่จณใใใใฎ๏ผ |
| : Why do you say that? Is there some special situation? |
| ้ๅฅ:ๅฎใฏใใใใใๅฅใฎใใจใใใผใฃใจๅฅฝใใ ใฃใใใ ใใญใ |
| : Well, as it happens, Sayuri has been smitten with Ken for some time now. |
| : ใใใงใใใใใฏใ็ถพ้ฆใซใใๅฅใจใฎไปฒใๅใๆใฃใฆใใฃใฆ้ ผใใงใใใฎใใ |
| :And Sayuri actually asked Ayaka to help her get Ken by acting as a go between. |
| ใใใฟ:ใใฃ๏ผใใใชใฎ๏ผ๏ผใใใ็ถพ้ฆใฏใใใใใๅฅใฎใใจๅฅฝใใ ใฃใฆ็ฅใฃใฆใใใ๏ผ๏ผ |
| : What?! Really?!! So, Ayaka knows that Sayuri likes Ken?! |
| ้ๅฅ:ใใใใใใใใจใซใชใใญใใ |
| : Well, yeah that seems to be the caseโฆ. |
| : ใคใพใใ็ถพ้ฆใฏใใใใใ่ฃๅใฃใใใใใ |
| :It looks like Ayakaโs stabbed Sayuri in the back. |
| ใใใฟ:ใใใใใใ่จใๅบใใซใใใใใ ใ |
| : Okay, that could really make it tough to bring the subject up. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Naomi: ใใใใใใฃใฆๆใใงใใญใใใใใใใ็ถพ้ฆใใใใใใฆใๅฅๅใๆใฎไธ่ง้ขไฟใงใใญใ |
| Natsuko: ๅฅณใฎๅญๅๅฃซใฏใใใใใใฎ้ขๅใใใใใงใใใญใ |
| Naomi:ใใฃใใใใญใใญใใกใใฃใใใใใใงใใใญใ |
| Anthony: ็ทใฎ็ซๅ ดใใใใใจใๅฅๅใใใใใพใใใงใใญใ |
| Natsuko:ใชใใปใฉใญใใใ็ทใชใใงใใใใญใ |
| Naomi: ใใฎๅ ด้ขใๆด็ใใฆใฟใพใใใใใใฎไบไบบใฎใใใฟใใใจใใชใใใฆใใใฎใฏใๆใฎไธ่ง้ขไฟใซใฏๅ จใๅทปใ่พผใพใใฆใใชใใใงใใใญใ |
| Natsuko:ใใใใใใใฎไบไบบใฎๅ้ใฎใใใใใใใๅฅๅใฎใใจใๅฅฝใใชใใงใใใญใใงใใใใใใใใ็ถพ้ฆใใใซใๅฅใฎใใจใใใใชใฎใๅๅใใฆใใจ้ ผใใงใใใใงใใญใ |
| Naomi:ใใใชใฎใซใ็ถพ้ฆใฏ่ชๅใๅฅใจไปใๅใฃใกใใฃใใใฃใฆใใใใจใงใใญใใฉใใงใใใใใใใไบไบบใใ็ถพ้ฆใฎ็ซๅ ดใชใใใฉใใใพใ๏ผๅๆ ใจๆๆใใฉใฃใกใใจใใพใใใ |
| Anthony: ใพใใ้ฃใใ่ณชๅใงใใใฉใๅๆ ใงใใใญใ |
| Natsuko: ใใใใใฃใใใใใ |
| Natsuko:i: ใฉใใงใใใใญใ็งใฎๅ ดๅใฏ็ธ่ซใใใใจใใซใๆญฃ็ดใซใ่ชๅใๅฎใฏโฆใใฃใฆ่จใฃใกใใใใใใใชใใงใใญใ |
| Naomi:ใใใไธ็ชใใใใใใใชใใงใใญใ |
| Natsuko:ใใใ่จใใชใใจใ็ตๆงใๅพใ ๅคงๅคใงใใใญใ |
| Naomi:ใชใใปใฉใใชในใใผใฎ็ใใใ ใฃใใใฉใใใพใใ๏ผ |
| VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE |
| Anthony: Let's have a closer look at the usage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson. |
| Naomi: ใงใฏๅ่ชใ่ฆใฆใใใพใใใใใพใๆๅใฎๅ่ชใฏ๏ผ |
| Natsuko: ๆฐดใใใ |
| Anthony: secretive, distant |
| Natsuko: ไปฒใใใไบบใชใฎใซใๅคงไบใชใใจใ่จใใชใใจใใๅฟ ่ฆไปฅไธใซ้ ๆ ฎใใใฆใใใใใใใๆใซไฝฟใใพใใญใ |
| ๆฐดใฏใwaterใใใใใฏ smellyใใงใใญใใคใพใ็ด่จณใใใจใๆฐดใฎใซใใใใใใจใใใใจใงใใใญใ |
| Anthony: So ๆฐด่ญใliterally means "It smells water"? |
| Naomi: ๆฐด่ญใใจใใใฎใฏใๆฐดใฃใฝใใใจใใๆฐดๅใๅคใใฆใพใใใใจ่จใๆๅณใใใใพใใไพใใฐใในใผใใซๆฐดใๅ ฅใ้ใใใจ่ใใชใใพใใญใใใฎ็ถๆ ใใๆฐดใใใใใจใใใใจใไธ่ฌ็ใงใฏใใใพใใใใใงใใใซใฏใงใใใฟใใใชใใงใใใใใใmetaphor ใฎๆๅณใงใๆ love ใจใๆๆ affectionใ่ใใจใใๆๅณใซไฝฟใใใใใใใใงใใ |
| Natsuko: ใคใพใใๆฐด่ญใใจใใใฎใฏใๆใ่ใใใจใๆๆ ใ่ใใจใใๆๅณใชใใงใใญใ |
| Anthony: ใพใใใใใงใใญใ่ฑ่ชใฎๅ ดๅใฏไธ็ชไผผใฆใใใฎใฏใDonโt water it downใใจใใใใผใซ่กใใจใใซใใใ่ณใซใใพใใใใฉใใ |
| Natsuko:ๆฐดใงๅฒใใชใใงใใจใใๆๅณใงใใ๏ผ |
| Anthony:ใใใงใใญใใใจใใจใฎ้ ใๆฟใใพใพใงใใ ใใใใใฃใฆใใ่ฉฑใชใใงใๅใใใใชใใจใง Donโt water the love down. ใใใใใใจใงใใใญใ |
| Natsuko:ใใใๆใใๅบใฆใพใใใญใใใใไพๆใๅบใใฆใฟใพใใใใ |
| Naomi: ใใฎใๅฎใฏใๆๆฅใใขใกใชใซใซๅผ่ถใใพใใพใใใใฐใใใๆฅๆฌใซใฏๅธฐใฃใฆใใพใใ |
| Natsuko: ใใ๏ผๆฐด่ญใใชใผใๅ้ใงใใใใใฃใจๆฉใๆใใฆใใ |
| Anthony: So Naomi said that she was moving to the States the next day. Natsuko saidใๆฐด่ญใใชใใผใใใฃใจๆฉใใใใใฆใ "You're so secretive. You should have told me earlier." |
| Natsuko: ใใฎใ่ญใใใฃใฆๅ่ฉใซใคใใฆใใ๏ฝใฎใซใใใใใใใจ่จใๆๅณใซใชใใงใใใญใใ ใใใไพฟๅฉใซไฝฟใใพใใใญใ |
| Anthony: ๆฑ่ญใ sweaty ใจใใใฌใน่ญใ smells like gas ใจใใใใณ่ญใ smells like mold, moldy ใ็ด่ฑ่ญใ smells like Nattoใจใ |
| Natsuko: ไปใซใใ้่ญใใชใใฆใใใฎใใใใพใใใญใ |
| Naomi: ใใใใใผใใใไพใงใใญใ้่ญใใsmell of green? |
| Anthony: ่จณใใชใใstill wet behind the earsใงใใใญใ |
| NATSUKO: ใใใใ่จใๆนใชใใงใใญใ้่ญใใจใใใฎใฏใใจใฆใ่ฅใใจ่จใๆๅณใงใใญใ |
| NAOMI: ใใใช้่ญใไบใใใใชใใงใใ |
| Anthony: Don't say such an immature thing. |
| Naomi: ใงใฏๆฌกใฎๅ่ชใ่ฆใฆใฟใพใใใใ |
| Natsuko: ่ฃๅใ |
| Anthony: to betray |
| Natsuko: ๅ่ฉใฏใ่ฃๅใใdouble cross, treason, betrayalใงใใญใใ |
| Naomi: ใ่ฃๅใใใๅ่ฉใใ่ฃๅใใใๅ่ฉใnounใงใใญใใฌใในใณใฎใใคใขใญใฐใซใฏ๏ผ |
| Natsuko: ใคใพใใ็ถพ้ฆใฏใใใใใ่ฃๅใฃใ |
| Anthony: So it looks like Ayakaโs stabbed Sayuri in the back. |
| Naomi: ่ฃใคใพใๅพใใใใใใจใใผใใจใใคใใงๅใใคใใๆใใชใใงใใใใญใๅพใใใๅใใใใ่ฃใใๅใใ่ฃๅใใ |
| Natuko: ใชใใปใฉใญใใ ใฃใฆใๆตใซใฏ่ไธญใฏ่ฆใใชใใงใใใใญใ่ไธญใ่ฆใใฆใใจใใใใจใฏใใใฎไบบใไฟกใใฆใใใใคใพใๅ้ใไปฒ้ใ ใจๆใฃใฆใใใฎใซใใใฎไบบใใๅพใใใๅใใใกใใใปใปใปๆใ่จ่ใงใใญใ่ฃๅใใใใ |
| Anthony: ่ฃ means behind or back. So Natsuko is saying that nobody shows one's back to one's enemies because it's dangerous.่ฃๅใใis like stabbed from the back by the person you trust. |
| Naomi: ่ชๆบใซใฏใ่ฒใ ใช่ชฌใใใใใงใใใญใใงใๅฎใฏใใใใๆฌๅฝใใฉใใใฃใฆใใใฎใฏ่ชฐใใใใใชใใจใใใชใใงใใใใใ่ฆใใใฐใ็ฐกๅใใชใจๆใใพใใ |
| Anthony: There are many explanations about origin of this word, but we think itโs at very least good mnemonic to help you memorize ่ฃๅใ |
| Natsuko:ใงใฏใๆๆณใซๅ ฅใฃใฆใใใใใจๆใใพใใ |
Lesson focus |
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| Naomi: ใใฎใฌใในใณใฎๆๆณใฏใ๏ผ๏ผ๏ผใใใ ใใงใใใใใใ ใใซใฏ่ฒใ ใชๆๅณใใใใใงใใใฉใไปๆฅใฏๅบๆฌใ ใใๅๅผทใใฆใใใพใใใพใใ่จณใใฎๆๅณใฏ๏ผ |
| Anthony: reason |
| Naomi: ใใใงใใญใ็็ฑใจๅใๆๅณใงใใไพใใฐไปๆฅใฎใฌใในใณใฎใใคใขใญใฐใงใฏใใใฟใใใใ |
| Natsuko: ไฝใ่จณใใใใฎ๏ผ |
| Anthony: Is there some special situation/reason? |
| Naomi: ไฝใ็็ฑใใใใฎ๏ผใจใใฃใฆใๅใใใจใงใใญใใใใใ่จณใฎๅบๆฌใฎๆๅณใงใใใคใใซใ่ฉฑใใฆใใไบบใฎ็ดๅพ[ speaker's sense of understanding] ใ่กจใใ---ใใใ ใใ่ฆใฆใฟใพใใใใ่ฉฑใใฆใใไบบใใใใ๏ฝใ ใใใใใใชใฎใใใจใใใใผใใใฃใใใใฃใใใใใงใใใใชใฎใใใจไฝใใใใใฃใใจใใซไฝฟใใพใใไพใใฐใ |
| Natsuko: ้ป่ปใไบๆ ใงๆญขใพใฃใฆใใใใใใใ |
| Anthony: "Apparently the trains are stopped due to an accident." |
| Naomi: ใใผใ้็ใง้ง ใๆทท้ใใฆใใใใใ ใ |
| Anthony: Ah...So thatโs why the station is so crowded. |
| Anthony: Based on the information the first speaker gave, ใ้ป่ปใไบๆ ใงๆญขใพใฃใฆใใใใใใ (apparently the trains are stopped due to an accident), the second speaker is talking about the deduction that they have made โ that the station is crowded and in a state of confusion because of that situation. There is also a sense of understanding - a feeling that "it's only natural" that the station is crowded and confused because of the accident. |
| Natuko: ้็ใงใจใใใฎใฏใใใ ใใใใจใใใใใงใใจๅใใใใชๆๅณใงใใญใใ้็ใงใใใใใงใใใ ใใใใฏใใใ่จณใ ใไธ็ทใซไฝฟใใใพใใ |
| Anthony: in ใ๏ฝใใใ ใ sentences, the speaker can express a conclusion or deduction they have reached in relation to the information that came before. To express an understanding for why something is the way it is, itโs common to use the phrase dลri de (้็ใง, "no wonder," "that explains why") in conjunction with ใ๏ฝใใใ ใ. |
| Naomi: ใใคใขใญใฐใซใฏ |
| Natsuko: ้็ใงใ็ถพ้ฆใๆ่ฟไปใๅใใๆชใใชใฃใใใใ ใ |
| Anthony: "Well that explains why itโs been so hard to get Ayaka to come out lately." |
| Naomi: ็ถพ้ฆใฏใ็ทใฎๅญใจใใผใใใใฆใใใใงใใใญใใใใ่ฆใๅ้ใใใใใผใ ใใใ็ถพ้ฆใฏ็งใใกใจใใไธ็ทใซ้ใฐใชใใชใฃใใฎใญใ็งใใกใจ้ใฐใชใใชใฃใใฎใฏใใใใ็็ฑใใใฃใใฎใญใใจใใฃใฆใใใใงใใ |
| Natsuko: ใใใใ ใใฏใใใใใชๆๅณใใใใใงใใใใใไธใคใไฝใใ่จใๆใใใจใใซใไฝฟใใพใใใใคใพใใin other wordใใจไธ็ทใซไฝฟใใใพใใญใใใคใขใญใฐใซใฏใใคใพใใ็ถพ้ฆใฏใใใใใ่ฃๅใฃใใใใใ |
| Anthony: In short, Ayaka betrayed Sayuri./ It looks like Ayakaโs stabbed Sayuri in the back. |
| Naomi: ใคใพใใไปๆฅใฏใใใใใ ใ2ใคใฎๆๅณใ็ดนไปใใใจ่จใใใใงใใญใ |
| Anthony: Right, today we introduce the two usages of ใใใ ใ |
| Natsuko: ๆฌกๅใใใใใ ใใๅๅผทใใพใใ |
Outro |
| Natsuko: ใใใใใใพใใ |
| Anthony: See you next time. |
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