Learn about the usage of -o miawaseru/toriyameru and -to iu in Japanese
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Tomoyuki: こんにちはトモユキです。 |
| Jessi: Jessi here. Upper Beginner Season 1, Lesson 20, Be Careful During Train Emergency Stops in Japan. |
| Tomoyuki: こんにちは、皆さん。がんばって日本語を勉強しましょう。 |
| Jessi: 今回のアナウンスは、どんなアナウンスですか？ What kind of announcement are we going to hear in this lesson? |
| Tomoyuki: 電車の中のアナウンスです。 |
| Jessi: We'll hear an announcement on a train. |
| Tomoyuki: 特に、トラブルがあったときのアナウンスです。 |
| Jessi: It's an announcement letting the passengers know about a problem that has occurred. |
| Tomoyuki: どんなトラブルがあったのでしょう。聞いてみましょう。 |
| Jessi: Please listen to the dialogue and find out what is happening. |
| DIALOGUE |
| Announce1: 次は横浜、横…… |
| (PiPiPi) |
| Announce2: 緊急停止をします。 |
| 止まる際、揺れますのでご注意ください。 |
| 緊急停止をします。ご注意ください。 |
| Yuna: おっとっと。 |
| Conductor: 停止信号です。原因を調べております。 |
| えー、ただ今、人が線路を歩いているという連絡が入りました。 |
| そのため、この電車は運転を一時(いちじ)見合わせます。 |
| 繰り返します。この電車はしばらく、運転を取りやめます。 |
| Yuna: えー。デートに遅刻しちゃう……。ダイチにメールしなくっちゃ。 |
| ｢電車が止まっちゃったから、少し遅刻する。駅前のスタバで待ってて｣ |
| Jessi: Now listen to the dialogue once without sound effects. |
| Announce1: 次は横浜、横…… |
| Announce2: 緊急停止をします。 |
| 止まる際、揺れますのでご注意ください。 |
| 緊急停止をします。ご注意ください。 |
| Yuna: おっとっと。 |
| Conductor: 停止信号です。原因を調べております。 |
| えー、ただ今、人が線路を歩いているという連絡が入りました。 |
| そのため、この電車は運転を一時(いちじ)見合わせます。 |
| 繰り返します。この電車はしばらく、運転を取りやめます。 |
| Yuna: えー。デートに遅刻しちゃう……。ダイチにメールしなくっちゃ。 |
| ｢電車が止まっちゃったから、少し遅刻する。駅前のスタバで待ってて｣ |
| Jessi: Now listen to the dialogue with the English translation. |
| Announce1: 次は横浜、横…… |
| Jessi: Next is Yokohama, Yoko... |
| Announce2: 緊急停止をします。 |
| Jessi: We are making an emergency stop. |
| Announce2: 止まる際、揺れますのでご注意ください。 |
| Jessi: On stopping, the train will rock, so please take care. |
| Announce2: 緊急停止をします。ご注意ください。 |
| Jessi: We are making an emergency stop. Please take care. |
| Yuna: おっとっと。 |
| Jessi: Whoa. |
| Conductor: 停止信号です。原因を調べております。 |
| Jessi: There is a stop signal... We are investigating the cause. |
| Conductor: えー、ただ今、人が線路を歩いているという連絡が入りました。 |
| Jessi: Uh, we have just received a communication that a person is walking on the tracks. |
| Conductor: そのため、この電車は運転を一時(いちじ)見合わせます。 |
| Jessi: Due to this, this train's operation will be temporarily suspended. |
| Conductor: 繰り返します。この電車はしばらく、運転を取りやめます。 |
| Jessi: We repeat. We are stopping the operation of this train for a while. |
| Yuna: えー。デートに遅刻しちゃう……。ダイチにメールしなくっちゃ。 |
| Jessi: Huh? I'm gonna be late for my date... I have to mail Daichi. |
| Yuna: ｢電車が止まっちゃったから、少し遅刻する｣ |
| Jessi: "The train's stopped, so I'll be a little bit late." |
| Yuna: 「駅前のスタバで待ってて」 |
| Jessi: ”Wait for me at the Starbucks in front of the station.” |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Jessi: 線路の上を、人が歩いているんですか？ |
| Tomoyuki: はい(笑) |
| Jessi: So a person is walking on a railway tracks?(笑) |
| Tomoyuki: (笑)はい。ときどきいるんですよねー。本当に困ります。It sometimes happens. |
| Jessi: でも、線路に入ってはダメですよね？ Obviously you're not supposed to be on the railway tracks... |
| Tomoyuki: (笑)もちろんダメです。絶対にダメです。 |
| Jessi: はい。 |
| Tomoyuki: 危ないですし、捕まりますので。 |
| Jessi: It's dangerous and you'll be arrested if you if you go onto the railway tracks. |
| But...what if you drop something on the tracks? |
| Tomoyuki: はい。そのときは、駅員さんに言って、取ってもらってください。 |
| Jessi: In that case, you should let a station attendant know, and have him/her get it for you. |
| 分かりました。ところで、スタバは “Starbucks” ですね。 |
| Tomoyuki: はい。 |
| Jessi: ”スタバ” is the abbreviation of sutābakkusu, or Starbucks (Coffee shop). |
| Tomoyuki: そうですね。日本人には英語の名前は難しいので、よく短くしますね。 |
| Jessi: Umm.English names can be difficult for Japanese people, so they often get shortened. Ah, I know another one. “マック” for McDonald's |
| Tomoyuki: はい。東京の人は「マック」と呼びますね。Yeah, people in Tokyo calls McDonald's “マック”. |
| I used to live in Kyoto, people there call McDonald's ”マクド”. |
| Jessi: マクド？ へえ！ So the nickname changes depending on the area. Interesting! |
| Okay, on to the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Jessi: Let's take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. |
| The first word is |
| Tomoyuki: 停止 [natural native speed] |
| Jessi: suspension, stop, halt |
| Tomoyuki: 停止 [slowly - broken down by syllable]、停止 [natural native speed] |
| Jessi: Next word is |
| Tomoyuki: 緊急 [natural native speed] |
| Jessi: urgent, pressing, emergency |
| Tomoyuki: 緊急 [slowly - broken down by syllable]、緊急 [natural native speed] |
| Jessi: Next word is |
| Tomoyuki: 一時(いちじ) [natural native speed] |
| Jessi: for a while, temporarily, for the time being |
| Tomoyuki: 一時 [slowly - broken down by syllable]、一時 [natural native speed] |
| Jessi: Next word is |
| Tomoyuki: 見合わせる [natural native speed] |
| Jessi: postpone, suspend, stop temporarily; V2 |
| Tomoyuki: 見合わせる [slowly - broken down by syllable]、見合わせる [natural native speed] |
| Jessi: The last word is |
| Tomoyuki: 取りやめる [natural native speed] |
| Jessi: to cancel, to call off |
| Tomoyuki: 取りやめる [slowly - broken down by syllable]、取りやめる [natural native speed] |
| VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE |
| Jessi: Let's take a closer look at the usage of some words and phrases from this lesson. |
| 最初の言葉は？What's the first word we're looking at? |
| Tomoyuki: 停止 |
| Jessi: It's a noun that means "stop". |
| Tomoyuki: 止まること、止めることですね。If you add をする or する, it will become a verb. |
| Jessi: Right. 停止をする or 停止する means "to stop" |
| In this lesson's dialogue, there are two compound words that contain "teishi" right? |
| Tomoyuki: Right. 緊急停止 |
| Jessi: 緊急 means "emergency" So...緊急停止 means "emergency halt or emergency stop". |
| Tomoyuki: And we have “停止信号”. |
| Jessi: 信号 means "signal", so....停止信号 means "stop signal" |
| Tomoyuki: Right.じゃ、クイズをしましょう。 |
| Jessi: Let's recap with a quiz. Listeners, how do you say "emergency stop"? |
| Tomoyuki: Here are some hints. Emergency is 緊急, and Stop is 停止. So... |
| Jessi: (wait for 5 sec) Tomoyuki, the answer is? |
| Tomoyuki: 緊急停止 |
| Jessi: 緊急停止, emergency stop. OK. Next one. Listeners, say "stop signal". |
| Tomoyuki: Here's a hint. Signal is “信号”. |
| Jessi: (wait for 5 sec) Alright, and the answer is? |
| Tomoyuki: 停止信号 |
| Jessi: Ok, great! Now let's move on to the grammar. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Jessi: The focus of this lesson is listening to an announcement on a train. |
| In this grammar section, you'll learn how to inform people that something is going to be postponed or called off in a formal situation. |
| Tomoyuki: Right. You'll learn two sentence structures using “見合わせます” and “取りやめます”. |
| In the dialogue, the announcement said…”この電車は運転を一時(いちじ)見合わせます”. |
| Jessi: "This train's operation will be temporarily suspended." |
| Tomoyuki: この「見合わせます」が、ポイントですね。The dictionary form of “見合わせます” is “見合わせる”. |
| Jessi: OK. Let's explain the verb ”見合わせる”. |
| The verb “見合わせる” originally means "to look each other" or "to exchange looks," but it also means "to refrain from doing something". |
| Tomoyuki: はい。「見合わせる」は「中止する」(Jessi: to cancel) や「止める」(Jessi: to call off)と同じ意味です。でも、少しindirect な言い方ですね。”見合わせる” is a roundabout way to say "to call off". |
| Jessi: Since “見合わせる” sounds more indirect than "中止する" or "やめる", it sounds formal, and is preferred in formal speech like announcements. |
| Tomoyuki: The sentence structure is [Something] を見合わせる. |
| Jessi: This means "We will cancel or stop something." |
| Let's show you with some examples. Tomoyuki, how do you say "marriage" |
| Tomoyuki: 結婚 |
| Jessi: To that, attach を 見合わせる |
| Tomoyuki: 結婚を見合わせる。 |
| Jessi: "To call off the marriage" |
| Let's do one more, how do you say "trip" or "travel"? |
| Tomoyuki: 旅行 |
| Jessi: How do you say "to cancel the trip"? |
| Tomoyuki: 旅行を見合わせる。 |
| Here's a sample sentence. 地震があったので、旅行を見合わせた。 |
| Jessi: "We canceled our trip since there was an earthquake." Listeners, listen and repeat after Tomoyuki. "We canceled our trip since there was an earthquake." |
| Tomoyuki: 地震があったので、旅行を見合わせた。 |
| Jessi: (wait for 5 sec) Great. Tomoyuki, can we hear the sentence from the dialogue again? |
| Tomoyuki: この電車は、運転を一時(いちじ)見合わせます。 |
| Jessi: Let's break this sentence down. |
| Tomoyuki: この電車は(Jessi: This train ＋ particle “は”) 運転を (Jessi: driving or service ＋particle “を”）一時(いちじ)(Jessi: for a while, temporarily) 見合わせます (Jessi: cancel or stop) |
| Jessi: Can we hear the whole sentence again? |
| Tomoyuki: この電車は、運転を一時(いちじ)見合わせます。 |
| Jessi: Literally, "As for this train, for a while, service is canceled." In more natural English, "This train's operation will be temporarily suspended." |
| Tomoyuki: 「見合わせます」の代わりに「取りやめる」でもいいです。 |
| Jessi: Right. The verb “取りやめる” meaning "to cancel what has been planned" is also used in announcements. |
| Tomoyuki: In the dialogue, they said…”この電車はしばらく、運転を取りやめます”. |
| Jessi: So this also means " "This train's operation will be temporarily suspended." |
| Tomoyuki: 「運転を見合わせます」と「運転を取りやめます」は、意味は同じです。 |
| Jessi: So the meanings for both “運転を見合わせます” and “運転を取りやめます” are exactly the same. Alright, now let's listen to the announcement part again and see how much you understand now. |
| Announce1: 次は横浜、横…… |
| Announce2: （ピピピ）緊急停止をします。 |
| 止まる際、揺れますのでご注意ください。 |
| 緊急停止をします。ご注意ください。 |
| Conductor: 停止信号です。原因を調べております。 |
| えー、ただ今、人が線路を歩いているという連絡が入りました。 |
| そのため、この電車は運転を一時(いちじ)見合わせます。 |
| 繰り返します。この電車はしばらく、運転を取りやめます。 |
| Tomoyuki: こういう緊急のアナウンスは英語には訳されませんので、日本語が分からないと不安ですよね。 |
| Jessi: そうですね。These kinds of announcements explaining emergency situation are not translated into English. So that's why we recommended studying the language used in them - if you understand what's being said, you'll feel much more secure, and know what to do! |
| All right, well that about wraps up this lesson. |
Outro |
| Tomoyuki: では、また。 |
| Jessi: Thanks for listening! See you next time. |
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