Learn about the usage of koto in -koto o owabi itashimasu and -koto ga aru
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Tomoyuki: ใใใซใกใฏใใใขใฆใญใงใใ |
| Jessi: Jessi here. Upper Beginner Season 1, Lesson 11, This is Your Captain, Pikachu Speaking. Hello, and welcome back to JapanesePod101.com, the fastest, easiest, and most fun way to learn Japanese. |
| Tomoyuki: ใใคใUpper Beginnerใฎใฌใในใณใ่ใใฆใใใฆใใใใใจใใใใใพใใ |
| Jessi: ใใฎใฌใในใณใงใฏไฝใๅๅผทใใพใใใ What are we going to study in this lesson? |
| Tomoyuki: ใใใใจใใใใณใใพใใใจใใ่จใๆนใๅๅผทใใพใใ |
| Jessi: In this lesson, you'll learn how apologies are expressed in extra formal situations using "ใใจใใใใณใใพใ". Where does this lesson's conversation take place? |
| Tomoyuki: ้ฃ่กๆฉใฎไธญใงใใ |
| Jessi: On an airplane. |
| Tomoyuki: ใใตใญใใใจไธก่ฆชใใใใฏใคใซๅใใฃใฆใใพใใ |
| Jessi: Misaki and her parents are on their way to Hawaii. |
| Tomoyuki: ใงใฏใ่ใใฆใฟใพใใใใ |
| Jessi: Let's listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| ๏ผใใผใณ๏ผ |
| Captain: ใใผใใใๅญใฎ็ใใใใกใชใผใฏใชในใใน๏ผ ๆฉ้ทใฎใใซใใฅใฆใงใผใใ |
| Misaki: ใญใฃใใใใใซใใฅใฆใ ใฃใฆใ |
| Captain: ๆฌๆฅใฎ้ฃ่กใซใผใใฎๅคฉๅใฏ่ฏๅฅฝใงใใใใจใใฉใใใใใใใใใฉใณใณใใพใใฏใธใงใใใณใผในใฟใผใฎใใใซใๅฐใๆบใใใใจใใใใพใใ |
| ใใใผใใๅฎๅ จใงใใฎใงใๅฎๅฟใใ ใใใ |
| ใพใใ้ไธญใงใตใณใฟใฏใญใผในใใใ่ฟฝใๆใใพใใใๆใใฆ่ฆใซใใใใจใใใใณใใใใพใใ |
| Father: ใใใไปๆฅใฏ24ๆฅใ ใใโฆโฆใ |
| Mother: ้ข็ฝใๆฉ้ทใใใญใ |
| Jessi: Now listen to the dialogue once without sound effects. |
| Captain: ใใผใใใๅญใฎ็ใใใใกใชใผใฏใชในใใน๏ผ ๆฉ้ทใฎใใซใใฅใฆใงใใ |
| Misaki: ใญใฃใใใใใซใใฅใฆใ ใฃใฆใ |
| Captain: ๆฌๆฅใฎ้ฃ่กใซใผใใฎๅคฉๅใฏ่ฏๅฅฝใงใใใใจใใฉใใใใใใใใใฉใณใณใใพใใฏใธใงใใใณใผในใฟใผใฎใใใซๅฐใๆบใใใใจใใใใพใใ |
| ใใใผใใๅฎๅ จใงใใฎใงใๅฎๅฟใใ ใใใ |
| ใพใใ้ไธญใงใตใณใฟใฏใญใผในใใใ่ฟฝใๆใใพใใใๆใใฆ่ฆใซใใใใจใใใใณใใใใพใใ |
| Father: ใใใไปๆฅใฏ24ๆฅใ ใใโฆโฆใ |
| Mother: ้ข็ฝใๆฉ้ทใใใญใ |
| Jessi: Now listen to the dialogue with the English translation. |
| Captain: ใใผใใใๅญใฎ็ใใใใกใชใผใฏใชในใใน๏ผ |
| Jessi: Uh, Merry Christmas to all you good little boys and girls. |
| Captain: ๆฉ้ทใฎใใซใใฅใฆใงใใ |
| Jessi: This is your captain, Pikachu. |
| Misaki: ใญใฃใใใใใซใใฅใฆใ ใฃใฆใ |
| Jessi: Ha ha ha! He said he's Pikachu! |
| Captain: ๆฌๆฅใฎ้ฃ่กใซใผใใฎๅคฉๅใฏ่ฏๅฅฝใงใใใใจใใฉใใใใใใใใใฉใณใณใใพใใฏใธใงใใใณใผในใฟใผใฎใใใซๅฐใๆบใใใใจใใใใพใใ |
| Jessi: The weather on today's flight is favorable, but sometimes the plane might rock a little, like a cradle, or a swing, or a roller coaster. |
| Captain: ใใใผใใๅฎๅ จใงใใฎใงใๅฎๅฟใใ ใใใ |
| Jessi: Buuuut, it's safe, so please don't worry! |
| Captain: ใพใใ้ไธญใงใตใณใฟใฏใญใผในใใใ่ฟฝใๆใใพใใใๆใใฆ่ฆใซใใใใจใใ่ฉซใณใใใใพใใ |
| Jessi: Also, we'll be overtaking Santa Claus during the journey, but we apologize if you can't see him very well because it's dark. |
| Father: ใใใไปๆฅใฏ24ๆฅใ ใใโฆโฆใ |
| Jessi: Ah, because today's the twenty-fourth... |
| Mother: ้ข็ฝใๆฉ้ทใใใญใ |
| Jessi: What a funny pilot! |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Jessi: Ah, so they're listening to an announcement from the captain. ๆฉ้ทใฎใใใใคใ่ใใฆใใใใงใใญใ |
| Tomoyuki: ้ข็ฝใๆฉ้ทใใใงใใญใๆฉ้ทใฎใใซใใฅใฆใงใ๏ผThis is your captain, Pikachu(็ฌ). |
| Jessi: ้ข็ฝใใงใใญใ |
| Tomoyuki: ใฏใใ |
| Jessi: As you probably know, Pikachu is one of the characters in the Pokemon series. If you remember, Misaki and her family are taking the Pokemon Jet! |
| Tomoyuki: ใใใใใใใใคใใใๆฉ้ทใใใใใใใใใงใใๅฎ้ใฎในใใผใใ่ใใฆใใใคใขใญใฐใจใใฆๆธใๆใใใฟใใใงใใใ |
| Jessi: Really? So there actually was a flight captain who made his announcements like this. I didn't know that! |
| Tomoyuki: ็ใใใงใใใญใ |
| Jessi: ใฏใใ |
| Tomoyuki: ๆฅๆฌใฎๆฉ้ทใฃใฆใใใพใๅ่ซ่จใใชใใงใใใใญ๏ฝใ |
| Jessi: Ahh, so you think it's rare for Japanese captains to make jokes when they make announcements... I guess you're right. I can't really remember any instances of that. I think it's good that this captain has a sense of humor! |
| Tomoyuki: ใใใงใใญใๅคๅฝใฎใ็นใซใขใกใชใซใฎ้ฃ่กๆฉใซไนใใจใใญใฃใใใณใๅ่ซใ่จใฃใใใใใฉใคใใขใใณใใณใใใใใถใใซใธใฅใขใซใงใใณใฃใใใใพใใ |
| Jessi: ใใใSo captains on flights in other countries, especially the US, like to make jokes and stuff. Now that you mention it, that's quite true! They'll usually throw in some funny comments here and there. |
| Tomoyuki: ใใใงใใญใใธใงใทใผใใใฏใๅฅฝใใช่ช็ฉบไผ็คพโairlineโใจใใใใใพใใ๏ผ |
| Jessi: Hmm.. which airline do I like? Actually, I had an opportunity to take a flight on JAL, Japan Airline, once, and I have to say it was very nice. Good service, good food... I was impressed! |
| Tomoyuki: No jokes, though. |
| Jessi: ใใใใใใงใใญ(็ฌ) |
| Tomoyuki: ็ใใใฏใๅฅฝใใช่ช็ฉบไผ็คพ โairlineโ ใใใใพใใ๏ผ |
| Jessi: So listeners, what's your favorite airline company. Please let us know in the comment section! OK. On to the Vocabulary. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Jessi: Let's take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. |
| The first word we shall see is: |
| Tomoyuki: ้ไธญ [natural native speed] |
| Jessi: on the way, midway, in the middle of |
| Tomoyuki: ้ไธญ [slowly - broken down by syllable]ใ้ไธญ [natural native speed] |
| Jessi: Next word is |
| Tomoyuki: ๅคฉๅ [natural native speed] |
| Jessi: weather |
| Tomoyuki: ๅคฉๅ [slowly - broken down by syllable]ใๅคฉๅ [natural native speed] |
| Jessi: Next word is |
| Tomoyuki: ่ฏๅฅฝ [natural native speed] |
| Jessi: favorable, satisfactory |
| Tomoyuki: ่ฏๅฅฝ [slowly - broken down by syllable]ใ่ฏๅฅฝ [natural native speed] |
| Jessi: Next word is |
| Tomoyuki: ่ฟฝใๆใ [natural native speed] |
| Jessi: to pass, to overstride |
| Tomoyuki: ่ฟฝใๆใ [slowly - broken down by syllable]ใ่ฟฝใๆใ [natural native speed] |
| Jessi: Next word is |
| Tomoyuki: ใใณใ [natural native speed] |
| Jessi: to apologize |
| Tomoyuki: ใใณใ [slowly - broken down by syllable]ใใใณใ [natural native speed] |
| Jessi: Last word is |
| Tomoyuki: ้ฃ่ก [natural native speed] |
| Jessi: aviation, flight |
| Tomoyuki: ้ฃ่ก [slowly - broken down by syllable]ใ้ฃ่ก [natural native speed] |
| VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE |
| Jessi: Let's have a closer look at the usage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson. What's the first item we're looking at? |
| Tomoyuki: ใพใใฏ |
| Jessi: "ใพใใฏ" is a conjunction meaning "or" or "either", and it's mainly used in written language or formal conversation. |
| Tomoyuki: ใใใงใใญใใซใธใฅใขใซใชไผ่ฉฑใฎใจใใฏใใใใไฝฟใใพใใ |
| For example, in casual conversation, we say โ้ๆใๅๆโ. |
| Jessi: this means "Friday or Saturday" |
| Tomoyuki: In a formal conversation, or written language, we say โ้ๆใพใใฏๅๆโ. |
| Jessi: OK. Let's practice. How do you say "6 o'clock or 7 o'clock"? |
| Tomoyuki: 6ๆใ7ๆ |
| Jessi: Ok, so listeners, in written language or formal conversation, what would you say? |
| Tomoyuki: (wait for 3 sec) 6ๆใพใใฏ7ๆ |
| Jessi: OK. ๆฌกใฏไฝใงใใ๏ผWhat are we looking at next? |
| Tomoyuki: ใใใ |
| Jessi: ใใใ means "however", or "but", but this should also be reserved for a formal situation or in formal writing. |
| Tomoyuki: ใซใธใฅใขใซใชไผ่ฉฑใฎใจใใฏใใงใใใไฝฟใฃใฆใใ ใใใๅ้ใซใใใใใใไฝฟใใจใใกใใฃใจๅคใงใ(็ฌ๏ผ |
| Jessi: ใใใงใใญใSo don't use โใใใโ when talking to your friends. I agree, that would sound a bit strange. |
| Tomoyuki: ใใใๆๆณใซๅ ฅใใพใใใ |
| Jessi: OK. On to the grammar. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Jessi: The focus of this lesson is listening to an announcement from a flight captain. |
| In this grammar section, you'll learn how apologies are expressed in extra formal situations. |
| Tomoyuki: In this lesson's dialogue, the captain said โๆใใฆ่ฆใซใใใใจใใ่ฉซใณใใใใพใโ. |
| Jessi: "We apologize if you can't see him very well because it's dark." |
| Tomoyuki: ใใฎใใใใณใใใใพใใใใใฎใฌใในใณใฎใใคใณใใงใใ |
| Jessi: Right. ใใใณใใใใพใ is a humble way to say ใใใณใใพใ meaning "to apologize" |
| Tomoyuki: The formation is...[ Noun ]๏ผ[ใใใใณใใใใพใ] |
| Jessi: "I or We humbly apologize for [noun]"ใSample sentence, please. |
| Tomoyuki: ้้ใใใใใณใใใใพใใ |
| Jessi: "I or We apologize for the mistake." OK, listeners, please listen and repeat after Tomoyuki."I or We apologize for the mistake." |
| Tomoyuki: ้้ใใใใใณใใใใพใใ |
| Jessi: (Wait for 5 sec) OK. Now, listeners, say "I or We apologize for the mistake." in Japanese.(Wait for 5 sec.) Alright, if you said... |
| Tomoyuki: ้้ใใใใใณใใใใพใใ |
| Jessi: Then you've got it right!ใ |
| Tomoyuki: But, Jessi, We have the word "koto" in the sentence for this lesson. |
| Jessi: Ah, good point! |
| Tomoyuki: The captain said โ่ฆใซใใใใจใใใใณใใใใพใโ. |
| How would you translate this โใใจโ? โใใจโ means basically "thing" right? |
| Jessi: Right."ใใจ" means "thing" and it works as a nominalizer, which means it turns a verb, adjective or sentence into a noun. |
| So, I guess we can literally translate โ่ฆใซใใใใจใใ่ฉซใณใใใใพใโ as "we apologize for it being difficult to see" or "We apologize that it's difficult to see". Let's give you another example. How do you say "to be late"? |
| Tomoyuki: ้ ใใ |
| Jessi: If you came in late and wanted to make a formal apology.... you'd say... |
| Tomoyuki: ้ ใใใใจใใใใณใใใใพใใ |
| Jessi: "I apologize that I was late." Now listeners please listen and repeat after Tomoyuki."I apologize that I was in late." |
| Tomoyuki: ้ ใใใใจใใใใณใใใใพใใใ |
| Jessi: (wait for 5 sec) OK.Great.Tomoyuki, can we hear the sentence from the dialogue? |
| Tomoyuki: ใพใใ้ไธญใงใตใณใฟใฏใญใผในใใใ่ฟฝใๆใใพใใใๆใใฆ่ฆใซใใใใจใใใใณใใใใพใใ |
| Jessi: Wow, that's a long sentence. Let's break it down. |
| Tomoyuki: ใพใ(Jessi: Al so) ้ไธญใง(Jessi: on the way) ใตใณใฟใฏใญใผในใใใ่ฟฝใๆใใพใ(Jessi: we'll pass or overtake Mr.Santa Claus)ใ(Jessi: but)ใๆใใฆ(Jessi: Dark and) ่ฆใซใใ(Jessi: difficult to see) ใใจใ(Jessi: he thing that ) ใใใณใใใใพใใ(Jessi: We apologize) |
| Jessi: Can we hear it again? |
| Tomoyuki: ใฏใใใพใใ้ไธญใงใตใณใฟใฏใญใผในใใใ่ฟฝใๆใใพใใใๆใใฆ่ฆใซใใใใจใใใใณใใใใพใใ |
| Jessi: Literally, "So, We'll overtake Mr. Santa Claus on our way, but we'll apologize that it's dark and difficult to see him." |
| The natural translation would be... "we'll be overtaking Santa Claus during the journey, but we apologize if you can't see him very well because it's dark." |
| Tomoyuki: ใงใฏใๆฉ้ทใฎใขใใฆใณในใฎๆใ ใใใใไธๅบฆ่ใใฆใฟใพใใใใ |
| Jessi: OK. Now listen to the announcement part only and see how much you can understand now. |
| ใใผใใใๅญใฎ็ใใใใกใชใผใฏใชในใใน๏ผ ๆฉ้ทใฎใใซใใฅใฆใงใใ |
| ๆฌๆฅใฎ้ฃ่กใซใผใใฎๅคฉๅใฏ่ฏๅฅฝใงใใใใจใใฉใใใใใใใใใฉใณใณใใพใใฏใธใงใใใณใผในใฟใผใฎใใใซๅฐใๆบใใใใจใใใใพใใ |
| ใใใผใใๅฎๅ จใงใใฎใงใๅฎๅฟใใ ใใใ |
| ใพใใ้ไธญใงใตใณใฟใฏใญใผในใใใ่ฟฝใๆใใพใใใๆใใฆ่ฆใซใใใใจใใใใณใใใใพใใ |
| Tomoyuki: ใฉใใงใใใ๏ผใ้ฃ่กใใๅคฉๅใใ่ฏๅฅฝใใชใฉใ้ฃใใๅ่ชใใใใพใใใใใฌใในใณใใผใใ่ชญใใง็ขบ่ชใใฆใใใฆใใ ใใใ |
| Jessi: Since we have some difficult vocabulary words in the dialogue, be sure to check the lesson notes for the meaning. |
Outro |
| Tomoyuki: ใใใงใฏใใพใใ |
| Jessi: Until next time everyone! |
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