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Lesson Transcript

Hi, everyone.
Welcome to the Ultimate Japanese Particle Guide.
In this lesson, you'll learn the particle...
まで (made)
This particle marks the time or place an action ends. It's also called the limitation particle.
It means "until" or "to" in English.
Let's see an example.
明日まで待ちます。 (Ashita made machimasu.)
"I will wait until tomorrow."
Which expression marks the limitation?
明日まで (Ashita made)
"until tomorrow."
Let's an example with a place as arriving point.
駅まで歩きます。 (Eki made arukimasu.)
"I walk to the station." The expression that marks the destination is...
駅まで (Eki made)
"to the station."
Let's take a look at a few more examples.
試験は8時までです。 (Shiken wa hachi-ji made desu.)
Literally, this means “The exam is until eight,” so it can be translated as “The exam ends at eight.”
ミーティングは五時までです。(Mītingu wa go-ji made desu.)
Literally, it mean “The meeting is until five,” so it can be translated as "The meeting finishes at five."
東京までバスで行きます。(Tōkyō made basu de ikimasu.)
"I will go by bus to Tokyo."
This particle can also indicate a limit, extent, or an unexpected object.
It means "as far as," "up to," or "even" in English.
Let's hear an example.
子供まで携帯電話を持っている。(Kodomo made keitai denwa o motteiru.)
"Even children have their own cell phones." In this sentence the expression that indicates an extent is "even children"
子供まで (kodomo made)
This gives a specific meaning to the sentence. It's clear that, for the speaker, children having their own cell phones is something unexpected.
Let's take a look at a few more examples with the same particle used to describe the extent of something or an unexpected object...
魚が好きです。骨まで食べます。(Sakana ga suki desu. Hone made tabemasu.)
"I like fish. I even eat the bones."
彼はお辞儀までしました。(Kare wa ojigi made shimashita.)
"He even bowed to me."
ディズニーランドでは子供から大人まで楽しめる。(Dizunīrando de wa kodomo kara otona made tanoshimeru.)
"At Disneyland, not only children but even adults can have fun."
Now, let's use what you learned in this lesson.
We learned how to say "I will wait until tomorrow."
明日まで待ちます。 (Ashita made machimasu.)
Here the particle まで (made) marks the time the action ends, a limitation. It can also mark the place an action ends. The structure is...
[limitation] まで (made)
Now let's try saying "I'll go up to the peak of the mountain." using the same structure.
Here is the word for "peak of the mountain."
山頂 (sanchō)
Try to say "I'll go up to the peak of the mountain." in Japanese. [pause]
The answer is...
山頂まで行きます。(Sanchō made ikimasu.)
Did you get it right? In this sentence, the particle marks the place the action ends, the arriving point.
Let's try one more. We also learned how to say "Even children have their own cell phones."
子供まで携帯電話を持っている。(Kodomo made keitai denwa o motteiru.)
Here the particle まで (made) indicates an unexpected object.
The structure is...
[unexpected object] まで(made)
Now let's try saying "Even adults enjoy this game.” using the same structure.
Here are the words for "adults" and “to enjoy this game."
大人 (Otona)
このゲームを楽しんでいます (kono gēmu o tanoshinde imasu)
Try to say "Even adults enjoy this game" in Japanese. [pause]
The answer is...
大人までこのゲームを楽しんでいます。(Otona made kono gēmu o tanoshinde imasu.)
Well done! In this case, the particle まで (made) indicates that, for the speaker, adults enjoying the game is something unexpected.
In this lesson, you learned about the particle...
まで
We hope you enjoyed our Ultimate Japanese Particles Guide. Until next time. Bye!
Bye~

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