| Let's look at the sentence pattern. |
| This pattern is the structure that all of our examples will follow. |
| [Noun] + は + i/na-adj くて/で + adj + です |
| [Noun] + wa + i/na-adj kute/de + adj + desu |
| [Noun] is [adj] and [adj] |
| First, we have [Noun] + は ([Noun] wa). This marks the topic of the sentence, which is the thing or person being described. |
| Next, we have an adjective in its connected form. For i-adjectives, this means replacing the final い (i) with くて (kute). For na-adjectives, we add で (de) after the adjective, instead of な (na). This allows us to connect two adjectives describing the same noun. |
| Finally, we have the second adjective, followed by です (desu), which maintains the polite form of the sentence. |
| Let’s see how a line from the dialogue follows this pattern. |
| このおべんとうは 安くて おいしいですよ。 |
| (Kono o-bentō wa yasukute oishii desu yo.) |
| In this sentence: |
| この (kono) is a demonstrative adjective, meaning "this," modifying おべんとう (o-bentō), which means "bento." The noun is marked by は (wa), indicating it as the topic. |
| 安い (yasui) is an i-adjective meaning "cheap." Since it connects to another adjective, we change it to 安くて (yasukute). |
| おいしい (oishii) is an i-adjective meaning "delicious." Since it is the last adjective in the sentence, it remains in its standard form. |
| ですよ (desu yo) adds politeness and emphasis to the statement. |
| So, このおべんとうは 安くて おいしいですよ。 means "This bento is cheap and delicious." |
| Now you can use this structure to describe things with multiple adjectives in Japanese! |
| Almost all borrowed adjectives — the ones written in カタカナ (katakana) — are treated as な-adjectives in Japanese. For example: ヘルシー, ハンサム, シンプル, and so on. |
| We add で after the adjective to connect it to the next word. |
| For example, in the dialogue we have このおべんとうは、ヘルシーでおいしいですよね. |
| Now let's look at some speaking examples. |
| このへやは せまくて くらいです。 (Kono heya wa semakute kurai desu.) |
| This room is small and dark. |
| Can you see how the pattern applies here? |
| Let's break it down: |
| Here, この (kono) is a demonstrative adjective, meaning "this," modifying へや (heya), which means "room." The noun is marked by は (wa), indicating it as the topic. |
| せまい (semai) is an i-adjective meaning "small." Since it connects to another adjective, we change it to せまくて (semakute). |
| くらい (kurai) is an i-adjective meaning "dark." Since it is the last adjective in the sentence, it remains in its standard form. |
| です (desu) adds politeness and formal structure to the statement. |
| So, このへやは せまくて くらいです。 means "This room is small and dark." |
| Now you can use this structure to describe things with multiple adjectives in Japanese! |
| Here's another example |
| このみせは 高くて おいしくないです。 (Kono mise wa takakute oishikunai desu.) |
| This shop is expensive and not delicious. |
| このみせは 高くて おいしくないです。 (Kono mise wa takakute oishikunai desu.) |
| This shop is expensive and not delicious. |
| Let's try one more, |
| この本は むずかしくて おもしろくないです。 (Kono hon wa muzukashikute omoshirokunai desu.) |
| This book is difficult and not interesting. |
| この本は むずかしくて おもしろくないです。 (Kono hon wa muzukashikute omoshirokunai desu.) |
| This book is difficult and not interesting. |
| Another one. |
| このゲームは かんたんで おもしろいです。 (Kono gēmu wa kantan de omoshiroi desu.) |
| This game is simple and interesting. |
| このゲームは かんたんで おもしろいです。 (Kono gēmu wa kantan de omoshiroi desu.) |
| This game is simple and interesting. |
| Another example. |
| このまちは にぎやかで べんりです。 (Kono machi wa nigiyaka de benri desu.) |
| This town is lively and convenient. |
| このまちは にぎやかで べんりです。 (Kono machi wa nigiyaka de benri desu.) |
| This town is lively and convenient. |
| Another one. |
| このかばんは じょうぶで 安いです。 (Kono kaban wa jōbu de yasui desu.) |
| This bag is sturdy and cheap. |
| このかばんは じょうぶで 安いです。 (Kono kaban wa jōbu de yasui desu.) |
| This bag is sturdy and cheap. |
| One last example. |
| この魚は しんせんで おいしいです。 (Kono sakana wa shinsen de oishii desu.) |
| This fish is fresh and delicious. |
| この魚は しんせんで おいしいです。 (Kono sakana wa shinsen de oishii desu.) |
| This fish is fresh and delicious. |
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