INTRODUCTION |
John: Hi everyone, I'm John. |
Risa: And I'm Risa. |
John: And welcome to Must-Know Japanese Sentence Structures, Season 1, Lesson 40. Using Reported Speech. |
John: In this lesson, you'll learn how to use a sentence pattern for reporting something said by someone else. |
PATTERN |
John: For example, |
John: "Mr. Tanaka said that he's going to take tomorrow off." |
Risa: η°δΈγγγ―γζζ₯δΌγγ¨θ¨γ£γ¦γγΎγγγ (Tanaka-san wa, ashita yasumu to itte imashita.) |
Risa: [slow] η°δΈγγγ―γζζ₯δΌγγ¨θ¨γ£γ¦γγΎγγγ (Tanaka-san wa, ashita yasumu to itte imashita.) |
John: The pattern for reporting something said by someone else has four elements. First, "Mr. Tanaka" followed by the topic-marking particle. |
Risa: η°δΈγγγ― (Tanaka-san wa). |
John: Second, a sentence in informal form, meaning "to take tomorrow off." |
Risa: ζζ₯δΌγ (ashita yasumu). |
John: Third, a quotation marker. |
Risa: γ¨ (to). |
John: And last, te-form of the verb "to say" in past tense, meaning "was saying." |
Risa: θ¨γ£γ¦γγΎγγ (itte imashita). |
John: Altogether, we have... "Mr. Tanaka said that he's going to take tomorrow off." |
Risa: η°δΈγγγ―γζζ₯δΌγγ¨θ¨γ£γ¦γγΎγγγ (Tanaka-san wa, ashita yasumu to itte imashita.) [slow] η°δΈγγγ―γζζ₯δΌγγ¨θ¨γ£γ¦γγΎγγγ (Tanaka-san wa, ashita yasumu to itte imashita.) [normal] η°δΈγγγ―γζζ₯δΌγγ¨θ¨γ£γ¦γγΎγγγ (Tanaka-san wa, ashita yasumu to itte imashita.) |
John: The sentence pattern to report what someone has said, is a subject followed by the topic-marking particle, plus a quote sentence in the informal form, followed by the quotation marker, and finally the te-form of the verb "to say" in past tense. |
Again, "Mr. Tanaka said that he's going to take tomorrow off." is... |
Risa: η°δΈγγγ―γζζ₯δΌγγ¨θ¨γ£γ¦γγΎγγγ (Tanaka-san wa, ashita yasumu to itte imashita.) |
John: So remember, to report something said by someone else, first comes the subject, followed by... |
Risa: γ― (wa) |
John: then the quote sentence in informal form, followed by... |
Risa: γ¨ (to) |
John: and finally... |
Risa: θ¨γ£γ¦γγΎγγ (itte imashita) |
John: which means "was saying," at the end. |
John: Here is another example meaning, "John said he would like to see sumo wrestling." First, "John" plus the topic-marking particle. |
Risa: γΈγ§γ³γ― (Jon wa). |
John: Second, a sentence in informal form, meaning "want to watch sumo wrestling." |
Risa: ηΈζ²γθ¦γγ (sumΕ o mitai). |
John: Third, a quotation marker. |
Risa: γ¨ (to). |
John: And last, te-form of the verb "to say" in past tense, meaning "was saying." |
Risa: θ¨γ£γ¦γγΎγγ (itte imashita). |
John: Altogether we have... |
Risa: γΈγ§γ³γ―γηΈζ²γθ¦γγγ¨θ¨γ£γ¦γγΎγγγ (Jon wa, sumΕ o mitai to itte imashita) [slow] γΈγ§γ³γ―γηΈζ²γθ¦γγγ¨θ¨γ£γ¦γγΎγγγ (Jon wa, sumΕ o mitai to itte imashita) [normal] γΈγ§γ³γ―γηΈζ²γθ¦γγγ¨θ¨γ£γ¦γγΎγγγ (Jon wa, sumΕ o mitai to itte imashita) |
John: "John said he would like to see sumo wrestling." |
[pause] |
Risa: γΈγ§γ³γ―γηΈζ²γθ¦γγγ¨θ¨γ£γ¦γγΎγγγ (Jon wa, sumΕ o mitai to itte imashita) |
John: How do you say, "My brother said that he borrowed a book from his friend." To give you a hint, "to borrow a book from a friend" is... |
Risa: εγ γ‘γ«ζ¬γεγγ (tomodachi ni hon o kariru) |
John: Since it refers to the past, this should be... |
Risa: εγ γ‘γ«ζ¬γεγγ (tomodachi ni hon o karita) [slow] εγ γ‘γ«ζ¬γεγγ (tomodachi ni hon o karita) |
John: "My brother said that he borrowed a book from his friend." |
[pause] |
Risa: ε
γ―γεγ γ‘γ«ζ¬γεγγγ¨θ¨γ£γ¦γγΎγγγ (Ani wa, tomodachi ni hon o karita to itte imashita.) [slow] ε
γ―γεγ γ‘γ«ζ¬γεγγγ¨θ¨γ£γ¦γγΎγγγ (Ani wa, tomodachi ni hon o karita to itte imashita.) [normal] ε
γ―γεγ γ‘γ«ζ¬γεγγγ¨θ¨γ£γ¦γγΎγγγ (Ani wa, tomodachi ni hon o karita to itte imashita.) |
[pause] |
Risa: ε
γ―γεγ γ‘γ«ζ¬γεγγγ¨θ¨γ£γ¦γγΎγγγ (Ani wa, tomodachi ni hon o karita to itte imashita.) |
REVIEW |
John: Let's review the sentences from this lesson. I will give you the English equivalent of the phrase and you are responsible for shouting it out loud in Japanese. Here we go. |
John: "Mr. Tanaka said that he's going to take tomorrow off." |
[pause] |
Risa: η°δΈγγγ―γζζ₯δΌγγ¨θ¨γ£γ¦γγΎγγγ (Tanaka-san wa, ashita yasumu to itte imashita.) |
[pause] |
Risa: η°δΈγγγ―γζζ₯δΌγγ¨θ¨γ£γ¦γγΎγγγ (Tanaka-san wa, ashita yasumu to itte imashita.) |
John: "John said he would like to see sumo wrestling." |
[pause] |
Risa: γΈγ§γ³γ―γηΈζ²γθ¦γγγ¨θ¨γ£γ¦γγΎγγγ (Jon wa, sumΕ o mitai to itte imashita) |
[pause] |
Risa: γΈγ§γ³γ―γηΈζ²γθ¦γγγ¨θ¨γ£γ¦γγΎγγγ (Jon wa, sumΕ o mitai to itte imashita) |
John: "My brother said that he borrowed a book from his friend." |
[pause] |
Risa: ε
γ―γεγ γ‘γ«ζ¬γεγγγ¨θ¨γ£γ¦γγΎγγγ (Ani wa, tomodachi ni hon o karita to itte imashita.) |
[pause] |
Risa: ε
γ―γεγ γ‘γ«ζ¬γεγγγ¨θ¨γ£γ¦γγΎγγγ (Ani wa, tomodachi ni hon o karita to itte imashita.) |
Outro
|
John: Okay. That's all for this lesson. You learned a pattern for reporting something said by someone else, as in... |
Risa: η°δΈγγγ―γζζ₯δΌγγ¨θ¨γ£γ¦γγΎγγγ (Tanaka-san wa, ashita yasumu to itte imashita.) |
John: meaning "Mr. Tanaka said that he's going to take tomorrow off." |
John: You can find more vocab or phrases that go with this sentence pattern in the lesson notes. So please be sure to check them out on JapanesePod101.com. Thanks everyone, see you next time! |
Risa: γΎγγοΌ(Mata ne!). |
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