Learn how to talk about what you can do
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Peter: Master Speaking on the Phone and Put All of Your Japanese Friends a Touch Away. In the previous lesson, you learned how to ask for permission and how to express what you can do. |
| Naomi: Right. Such as ๅ็ใใจใฃใฆใใใใงใใใ |
| Peter: May I take a picture? |
| Naomi: And ๆฅๆฌ่ชใใงใใพใใ |
| Peter: I can speak Japanese. In this lesson, we'll look more into the usage of "DEKIRU". We'll also introduce you to some set phrases used when saying goodbye. |
| Peter: What's going to happen in this lesson's dialogue? |
| Naomi: ใขใทใฅใชใผใใใฏๅ ๅฒกใใใซ้ป่ฉฑใใใพใใ |
| Peter: Ashley calls Ms. Mitsuoka. |
| Naomi: ใงใใๅ ๅฒกใใใฏๅบใพใใ |
| Peter: But Ms. Mitsuoka doesn't answer the phone. So Ashley is going to leave a message. |
| The level of the formality of the dialogue is...? |
| Naomi: Formal. |
| DIALOGUE |
| ใขใทใฅใชใผ:090-9876-5432 |
| (Telephone) |
| ๅ ๅฒกใใๆบๅธฏ:ใฏใใๅ ๅฒกใงใใ |
| :ไปใ้ป่ฉฑใซๅบใใใจใใงใใพใใใ |
| :ใกใใปใผใธใใ้กใใใพใใ |
| (ใใผ๏ผ |
| ใขใทใฅใชใผ:ใใใใใใขใทใฅใชใผใงใใ |
| :่ฒใ ใใใใจใใใใใพใใใ |
| :ใใใๆงใงใๅบๅผตใๆฅฝใใใใจใใงใใพใใใ |
| :็ใใใซไผใใใจใใงใใฆใใใใฃใใงใใ |
| :ใ็ถใใใจใๆฏใใใซใใใใไผใใฆใใ ใใใ |
| :ๆๆฅใ๏ผ๏ผๆใฎ้ฃ่กๆฉใงใใฅใผใจใผใฏใซๅธฐใใพใใ |
| :ใใฒใใใฅใผใจใผใฏใซๆฅใฆใใ ใใใญใ |
| :ใพใใกใผใซใใพใใใๅ ๆฐใงใใใใใชใใ |
| ใขใทใฅใชใผ:090-9876-5432 |
| Peter: 090-9876-5432 |
| (Telephone) |
| Peter(Telephone) |
| ๅ ๅฒกใใๆบๅธฏ:ใฏใใๅ ๅฒกใงใใ |
| Peter: This is Mitsuoka. |
| :ไปใ้ป่ฉฑใซๅบใใใจใใงใใพใใใ |
| Peter: I can't answer the phone right now. |
| :ใกใใปใผใธใใ้กใใใพใใ |
| Peter: Please leave a message. |
| (ใใผ๏ผ |
| Peter(beep) |
| ใขใทใฅใชใผ:ใใใใใใขใทใฅใชใผใงใใ |
| Peter: Hello, this is Ashley. |
| :่ฒใ ใใใใจใใใใใพใใใ |
| Peter: Thank you so much for everything. |
| :ใใใๆงใงใๅบๅผตใๆฅฝใใใใจใใงใใพใใใ |
| Peter: Thanks to you, I was able to enjoy my business trip. |
| :็ใใใซไผใใใจใใงใใฆใใใใฃใใงใใ |
| Peter: I'm so glad to have met everyone. |
| :ใ็ถใใใจใๆฏใใใซใใใใไผใใฆใใ ใใใ |
| Peter: Please say hello to your father and mother for me. |
| :ๆๆฅใ๏ผ๏ผๆใฎ้ฃ่กๆฉใงใใฅใผใจใผใฏใซๅธฐใใพใใ |
| Peter: I'm going back to New York tomorrow on an eleven oโclock flight. |
| :ใใฒใใใฅใผใจใผใฏใซๆฅใฆใใ ใใใญใ |
| Peter: Please come to New York! |
| :ใพใใกใผใซใใพใใใๅ ๆฐใงใใใใใชใใ |
| Peter: I'll e-mail you. Take care. Goodbye. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Naomi: 090ใฎ9876ใฎ5432ใWe say "ใฎ" for hyphen or dash. |
| Peter: But it's not necessary to uses hyphens for phone numbers, correct? |
| Naomi: Right. But for addresses, you need to say it. |
| Peter: This phone number starts with 090. It means this number is for Cell phone ๆบๅธฏ้ป่ฉฑ |
| Naomi: ใใใงใใญใRight. 090ใฏๆบๅธฏ้ป่ฉฑใฎ็ชๅทใงใใSo ใฌใคใใใฏ้ป่ฉฑใซๅบใพใใใงใใใญใRei didn't answer the phone so Ashley had to leave a message. |
| Peter: The line of answering machine sounds really authentic. |
| Naomi: Yeah, it's close enough to what you might really hear. |
| Peter: So it looks like Ashley is leaving Japan tomorrow. |
| Naomi: Right. She said ๆๆฅ11ๆใฎ้ฃ่กๆฉใงใใฅใผใจใผใฏใซๅธฐใใพใใๆๆฅ is tomorrow11ๆใฎ้ฃ่กๆฉ is 11 o'clock flight.ใใฅใผใจใผใฏใซๅธฐใใพใ is "Going back to NY." |
| Peter: You said ASHITA. But some people say ASU for tomorrow. |
| Naomi: Right. Both ใใใ and ใใ mean tomorrow. |
| Peter: What's the difference? |
| Naomi: ใใใ is more common. ใใ sounds more formal. |
| Peter: So out of these, Ashita is the most common way to say "Tomorrow." |
| Naomi: Right. The Kanji for tomorrow are kind of nice too. They mean Bright Day. |
| Peter: Right. The first kanji means bright and the second kanji is day so...Bright day. |
| Naomi: Tomorrow is a bright day. |
| Peter: That's a nice way to remember the word. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Peter Let's take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. |
| Naomi ใๅ ๆฐใงใ [natural native speed] |
| Peter Take care. |
| Naomi ใๅ ๆฐใงใ [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Naomi ใๅ ๆฐใงใ [natural native speed] |
| Naomi ใใใใชใ [natural native speed] |
| Peter Good bye. |
| Naomi ใใใใชใ [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Naomi ใใใใชใ [natural native speed] |
| Naomi ๆฅฝใใ [natural native speed] |
| Peter to enjoy onself ; V1 |
| Naomi ๆฅฝใใ [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Naomi ๆฅฝใใ [natural native speed] |
| Naomi ่ฒใ [natural native speed] |
| Peter various ; Adj(na) |
| Naomi ่ฒใ [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Naomi ่ฒใ [natural native speed] |
| Naomi ใใฒ [natural native speed] |
| Peter certainly, without fail |
| Naomi ใใฒ [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Naomi ใใฒ [natural native speed] |
| VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE |
| Peter Let's have a closer look at the usage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson. |
| Naomi: ไผใ |
| Peter: To meet, it's a class 1 verb. So the masu form is |
| Naomi: ไผใใพใ |
| Peter: To meet. |
| Naomi: The person you meet is marked by either ใจ(with)or ใซ. |
| So..ใใผใฟใผใซไผใใ |
| Peter: I meet Peter, I will meet Peter. |
| Naomi: Or ใใผใฟใผใจไผใ |
| Peter: I meet with Peter. I'll meet with Peter. Next, let's take a look at some expressions used when saying good bye.What's the first one? |
| Naomi: ใใใใใใใใจใใใใใพใใ |
| Peter: "Thank you for everything you have done" Iroiro (ใใใใ) is a word that means "various" or "all kinds of". When coupled with arigatล gozaimasu (ใใใใจใใใใใพใ), the implication is that the listener did many things for the speaker. Can we hear that sentence again? |
| Naomi: ใใใใใใใใจใใใใใพใใใ |
| Peter: TSUGI WA NAN DESU KA? What's next? |
| Naomi: ใใใใใพใง |
| Peter: "thanks for asking" |
| Naomi: ใใใ originally means "your support" or "your help" So the literal meaning of ใใใใใพใง is "Because of your great support"or "Thanks to your help" |
| Peter: However it can be used even when the listener hasn't specifically done anything for the speaker, can't it? |
| Naomi: You're right. In that case, the closest translation would be "thanks for asking". |
| Peter: OKAGESAMADE also appeared in Lesson 13. OKใๆฌกใฏ๏ผThe next phrase is? |
| Naomi: So and so ใซใใใใไผใใฆใใ ใใใ |
| Peter: Please give my regards to so and so.Please say hello to so and so. |
| This phrase is used when you want to tell someone to give your regards to someone else. The person's name comes before the particle ni (ใซ).Can we have a sample sentence? |
| Naomi: ็ใใใซใใใใไผใใฆใใ ใใใPlease say hello to everyone. |
| Peter&Naomi: Let's break this down. ็ใใใซใto everyone ใใใใ well ไผใใฆ it's a te-from of a verb ไผใใ "to pass on" "to convey" ใใ ใใ please. |
| Peter: Again, it means "Please pass on my regards to everyone.""Give my best to everyone." |
| Naomi: I recommend that you memorize this as a set phrase. So and so ใซใใใใไผใใฆใใ ใใใ |
| Peter: So if you want to say "Please say hello to Jack" |
| Naomi: ใธใฃใใฏใซใใใใไผใใฆใใ ใใใ |
| Peter: "Please say hello to Mr. Honda" |
| Naomi: ๆฌ็ฐใใใซใใใใไผใใฆใใ ใใใ But in a casual situation. You can drop ไผใใฆใใ ใใใSo... ใธใฃใใฏใซใใใใใ |
| Peter: Say hi to Jack. |
| Naomi: ๆฌ็ฐใใใซใใใใใ |
| Peter: Say hi to Mr. Honda.OK. The last phrase is... |
| Naomi: ใๅ ๆฐใง |
| Peter: This phrase means "take care" and is used towards someone that you will not see again for a long time or possibly ever. |
| Naomi: Right. This sentence was originally, ใๅ ๆฐใงใใฆใใ ใใ which means "Stay in good health." But we usually stop at ใงใand just say ใๅ ๆฐใงใ |
| Peter: "take care" But you can't use OGENKI DE for everyday good-byes. |
| Naomi: ใใใงใใRight. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Peter: In this lesson you'll learn how to talk about what you can do. Now, in the previous lesson you learned "[noun ] plus KOTO GA DEKIRU" sentence structure. |
| Naomi: Such as ่ฑ่ชใใงใใ |
| Peter: literally "can do English" of course it means "can understand, read or speak English" |
| Naomi: As you can tell from the translation, [Noun plus DEKIRU] is very vague. ่ฑ่ชใใงใใใcould mean "be able to speak English,"or" be able to read English" or could be "can understand English" |
| Peter: If you want to specify the skill you have to use the verb. That's what we're going to learn in this section. OK. How do you day "I can swim." |
| Naomi: to swim is ใใใใI can swim is ็งใฏๆณณใใใจใใงใใใ |
| Peter: Let's break down this sentence. |
| Naomi: ็งใฏ "I and Topic marker" ๆณณใ"To swim"ใใจ "Thing"ใใ"particle" ใงใใ"can do" |
| Peter: So literally, "I, to swim thing can do.""I can do the thing to swim." of course "I can swim" or "I'm able to swim." |
| Naomi: You CANNOT say ใใใใใงใใ.ใYou need to insert ใใจ after the verb dictionary form.ๆณณใใใจใใงใใใ |
| Peter: This construction can be formed by attaching koto (ใใจ) to the dictionary form of the chosen verb, marking it with the particle ga, and completing the sentence with the verb dekiru. |
| Naomi: So the sentence structure is [dictionary form of verb] plus ใใจใใงใใ |
| Peter: Let's practice with some example. How do you say "to enjoy" |
| Naomi: ๆฅฝใใ |
| Peter: Add KOTO GA DEKIRU to say "to be able to enjoy""can enjoy" |
| Naomi: ๆฅฝใใใใจใใงใใ |
| Peter: How do you say "to speak" |
| Naomi: ่ฉฑใ |
| Peter: Add KOTO GA DEKIRU to say "to be able to speak""can speak" |
| Naomi: ่ฉฑใใใจใใงใใใSo...ใ่ฑ่ชใ่ฉฑใใใจใใงใใใis |
| Peter: Be able to speak English. |
| Naomi: ๅ็ใๆฎใใis to take pictures.ใSo....ๅ็ใใจใใใจใใงใใใis |
| Peter: Be able to take a picture, can take pictures. |
| Naomi: ไผใใis to meet So...ใใใใจใใงใใ |
| Peter: to be able to meet, can meet. |
| Naomi: So็ใใใซไผใใใจใใงใใใis |
| Peter: to be able to meet everyone. |
| Naomi: In the dialogue, Ashley said ็ใใใซไผใใใจใใงใใฆใใใใฃใใงใใ |
| Peter: "I'm so glad to have met everyone." Literally, "I can meet every one and it was good." |
| Naomi: ใงใใฆ in ็ใใใซไผใใใจใใงใใฆใis the te form so...็ใใใซไผใใใจใใงใใฆ is "to be able to meet everyone and " ใใใฃใ means "it was good" |
| Peter: So... ็ใใใซไผใใจใใจใใงใใฆ"I can meet everyone and"ใใใฃใใงใ"it was good." It was good that I could meet everyone." |
| Peter: By putting dekiru (ใงใใ) in the te-form and adding yokatta desu (ใใใฃใใงใ) at the end, we can create a sentence that means that we are glad to have been able to [verb]. |
| Naomi: For example, ่ฉฑใ is to speak So...่ฉฑใใใจใใงใใฆใใใฃใใงใใ |
| Peter: I'm glad to have been able to talk (with you). |
| Naomi: ๆฅใis "to come" So..ใๆฅใใใจใใงใใฆใใใฃใใงใใ |
| Peter: I'm glad to have been able to come. |
| Peter: Let's recap this lesson with a quiz. The quiz will be multiple choice. We'll give a question and three possible answers. Your job is to guess the answer.OK. The first question. Which of the following expressions means "Please say hello to everyone." |
| Naomi: A)็ใใใใใใใใ้กใใใพใ B)็ใใใซใใใใใไผใใใ ใใ C)ใฟใชใใใใใใใชใใ |
| Peter: The answer is... |
| Naomi: B)็ใใใซใใใใใไผใใใ ใใ |
| Peter: Please say hello to everyone. The choice A) |
| Naomi: ็ใใใใใใใใ้กใใใพใ |
| Peter: Nice to meet you everyone. The choice C) is |
| Naomi: ็ใใใใใใใชใใ |
| Peter: Good bye, everyone. The second question. Which of following expressions means "Thank you for everything" |
| Naomi: A)่ฒใ ใใใใจใใใใใพใใใB)ใๅ ๆฐใงใC)ใใใใใพใงใ |
| Peter: The answer is |
| Naomi: A)่ฒใ ใใใใจใใใใใพใใ |
| Peter: Choice B) |
| Naomi: ใๅ ๆฐใง |
| Peter: means "Take care" Choice C) |
| Naomi: ใใใใใพใงใ |
| Peter: is Thanks for asking. |
Outro |
| Peter: That concludes this lesson. The next lesson would be the final episode. You'll learn more goodbye phrases. |
| Naomi:ใใใใพใใ |
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