Learn how to say "to do something for someone"
Now Playing: Lesson Audio
Get a breakdown of the dialogue and translations instantly with the Premium line-by-line Audio. Sign up for your Free Lifetime Account Now and get 7 Days of Premium Access including this feature.
Get this lesson’s key vocab, their translations and pronunciations. Sign up for your Free Lifetime Account Now and get 7 Days of Premium Access including this feature.
Unlock Lesson Notes and Transcripts for every single lesson. Sign Up for a Free Lifetime Account and Get 7 Days of Premium Access.
| INTRODUCTION |
| Naomi: こんにちは、なおみです。(Kon’nichiwa, Naomi desu.) |
| Kat: Kat here. Do Your Japanese a Favor. In this lesson you'll learn how to say "to do something for someone". |
| Naomi: Yes. For example, 買ってあげる (katte ageru). |
| Kat: "I'll buy something for you". Now in this lesson, we don't actually have a conversation, do we? |
| Naomi: あ～、そうですね。(Ā, sō desu ne.) Right. 大地君が日記を読みます。(Daichi-kun ga nikki o yomimasu.) |
| Kat: Daichi is going to read his diary. Since it's a diary, you'll hear informal Japanese. So let's listen! |
| Naomi: 聞いてみましょう。(Kiite mimashō.) |
| DIALOGUE |
| 3月20日 日曜日 くもり (San-gatsu hatsuka Nichi-yōbi Kumori) |
| 今日は、ジョシュの誕生日だった。サプライズパーティーをしてあげた。ジョシュは驚いて、最初「あー」とか「うー」とかしか言えなかった。とてもおかしかった。(Kyō wa, Joshu no tanjōbi datta. Sapuraizu pātī o shite ageta. Joshu wa odoroite, saisho "Ā" toka "Ū" toka shika ienakatta. Totemo okashikatta.) |
| お父さんとお母さんはジョシュにネクタイを買ってあげた。でも、僕はお金がないから、似顔絵をかいてあげた。(O-tō-san to o-kā-san wa Joshu ni nekutai o katte ageta. Demo, boku wa o-kane ga nai kara, nigaoe o kaite ageta.) |
| 食事の後、ジョシュは日本語学校の宿題をしていた。少し間違いがあったので、直してあげた。(Shokuji no ato, Joshu wa Nihon-go gakkō no shukudai o shite ita. Sukoshi machigai ga atta node, naoshite ageta.) |
| 明日はジョシュの引越しだ。朝早くおきて、手伝ってあげるつもりだ。(Ashita wa Joshu no hikkoshi da. Asa hayaku okite, tetsudatte ageru tsumori da.) |
| Naomi: もう一度、会話を聞いてください。今度はゆっくり話します。(Mō ichi-do, kaiwa o kiite kudasai. Kondo wa yukkuri hanashimasu.) |
| 3月20日 日曜日 くもり (San-gatsu hatsuka Nichi-yōbi Kumori) |
| 今日は、ジョシュの誕生日だった。サプライズパーティーをしてあげた。ジョシュは驚いて、最初「あー」とか「うー」とかしか言えなかった。とてもおかしかった。(Kyō wa, Joshu no tanjōbi datta. Sapuraizu pātī o shite ageta. Joshu wa odoroite, saisho "Ā" toka "Ū" toka shika ienakatta. Totemo okashikatta.) |
| お父さんとお母さんはジョシュにネクタイを買ってあげた。でも、僕はお金がないから、似顔絵をかいてあげた。(O-tō-san to o-kā-san wa Joshu ni nekutai o katte ageta. Demo, boku wa o-kane ga nai kara, nigaoe o kaite ageta.) |
| 食事の後、ジョシュは日本語学校の宿題をしていた。少し間違いがあったので、直してあげた。(Shokuji no ato, Joshu wa Nihon-go gakkō no shukudai o shite ita. Sukoshi machigai ga atta node, naoshite ageta.) |
| 明日はジョシュの引越しだ。朝早くおきて、手伝ってあげるつもりだ。(Ashita wa Joshu no hikkoshi da. Asa hayaku okite, tetsudatte ageru tsumori da.) |
| Naomi: 今度は、英語の訳と一緒に聞いてみましょう。(Kondo wa, Eigo no yaku to issho ni kiite mimashō.) |
| 3月20日 日曜日 くもり (San-gatsu hatsuka Nichi-yōbi Kumori) |
| Kat: 20th of March, Sunday, Cloudy |
| 今日は、ジョシュの誕生日だった。(Kyō wa, Joshu no tanjōbi datta.) |
| Kat: Today was Josh's birthday. |
| サプライズパーティーをしてあげた。(Sapuraizu pātī o shite ageta.) |
| Kat: We gave him a surprise party. |
| ジョシュは驚いて、最初「あー」とか「うー」とかしか言えなかった。(Joshu wa odoroite, saisho "Ā" toka "Ū" toka shika ienakatta.) |
| Kat: Josh was so surprised that at first he could only say "ahh" and "ohh." |
| とてもおかしかった。(Totemo okashikatta.) |
| Kat: It was really funny. |
| お父さんとお母さんはジョシュにネクタイを買ってあげた。(O-tō-san to o-kā-san wa Joshu ni nekutai o katte ageta.) |
| Kat: Mom and Dad bought Josh a tie. |
| でも、僕はお金がないから、似顔絵をかいてあげた。(Demo, boku wa o-kane ga nai kara, nigaoe o kaite ageta.) |
| Kat: But I don't have any money, so I drew him a portrait. |
| 食事の後、ジョシュは日本語学校の宿題をしていた。(Shokuji no ato, Joshu wa Nihon-go gakkō no shukudai o shite ita.) |
| Kat: After we ate, Josh did his Japanese school homework. |
| 少し間違いがあったので、直してあげた。(Sukoshi machigai ga atta node, naoshite ageta.) |
| Kat: He made some mistakes, so I corrected them for him. |
| 明日はジョシュの引越しだ。(Ashita wa Joshu no hikkoshi da.) |
| Kat: Tomorrow Josh is moving out. |
| 朝早くおきて、手伝ってあげるつもりだ。(Asa hayaku okite, tetsudatte ageru tsumori da.) |
| Kat: I plan to get up early and help him. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Naomi: 似顔絵？似顔絵のプレゼント？いいアイディアですね。(Nigaoe? Nigaoe no purezento? Ii aidia desu ne.) |
| Kat: You think a portrait would be a good gift? |
| Naomi: うん。私似顔絵かいてもらったことないので。嬉しいかも。(Un. Watashi nigaoe kaite moratta koto nai node. Ureshii kamo.) |
| Kat: Ah... You've never had someone draw your portrait? かいてあげましょうか？(Kaite agemashō ka?) Shall I draw one for you? |
| Naomi: え、本当？絵が上手なの？(E, hontō? E ga jōzu na no?) Are you good at drawing? |
| Kat: Mmm, I'm not bad at cute cartoon type drawings, but real people... hmm! |
| Naomi: ほおお。お願いします、是非。(Hoō. Onegai shimasu, zehi.) Speaking of gifts… キャットさんは、最近誰かに何かをあげました？(Kyatto-san wa, saikin dareka ni nani ka o agemashita?) |
| Kat: Have I recently given anything to someone? うーん、あ、そうだ！彼氏にパスケースをあげました。(Ūn, a, sō da! Kareshi ni pasu kēsu o agemashita.) |
| Naomi: パスケース？(Pasu kēsu?) |
| Kat: I gave my boyfriend a pass case for his travel card. I don’t know if that’s English actually ...like you know, a little leather case to put your…ah... |
| Naomi: Commuter pass. |
| Kat: Commuter pass, that’s right! For your commuter pass inside. Because he was always losing it, and blaming me, so... |
| Naomi: あ～、なるほどね。(Ā, naruhodo ne.) Some people put there 名刺 (meishi) in it. |
| Kat: Ah, the business cards? Ah I see. Yeah, so just a little case like that. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Kat: OK. So now, let's take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. |
| And the first word we are going to see is: |
| Naomi: 驚く (odoroku) [natural native speed] |
| Kat: to be surprised, to be astonished |
| Naomi: 驚く (odoroku) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Naomi: 驚く (odoroku) [natural native speed] |
| Kat: And next: |
| Naomi: おかしい (okashii) [natural native speed] |
| Kat: funny, strange |
| Naomi: おかしい (okashii) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Naomi: おかしい (okashii) [natural native speed] |
| Kat: And next: |
| Naomi: 食事 (shokuji) [natural native speed] |
| Kat: meal |
| Naomi: 食事 (shokuji) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Naomi: 食事 (shokuji) [natural native speed] |
| Kat: And next: |
| Naomi: 直す (naosu) [natural native speed] |
| Kat: to fix, to correct |
| Naomi: 直す (naosu) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Naomi: 直す (naosu) [natural native speed] |
| Kat: And finally: |
| Naomi: 間違い (machigai) [natural native speed] |
| Kat: mistake |
| Naomi: 間違い (machigai) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Naomi: 間違い (machigai) [natural native speed] |
| VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE |
| Kat: OK. So now, let's have a closer look at the usage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson. And the first one we are going to look at is? |
| Naomi: おかしい (okashii) |
| Kat: “funny”, “laughable”. Naomi-sensei, おかしい (okashii) can also mean “strange” or “weird”, can't it? |
| Naomi: あ、そうですね。言い方や context によりますね。(A, sō desu ne. Iikata ya “context” ni yorimasu ne.) |
| Kat: So, which way the word is translated depends on the context and how it's said. |
| Naomi: うん。英語の funny と似ていますよね。(Un. Eigo no “funny” to nite imasu yo ne.) |
| Kat: Um. Yeah, I suppose so. おかしい (okashii) is similar to English “funny”. It's a bit different from 面白い (omoshiroi). I actually tend to use おかしい (okashii) to mean "weird", but it might be a personal thing. |
| Naomi: Hahaha… |
| Kat: OK. What's next? |
| Naomi: 間違い (machigai) |
| Kat: “mistake” |
| Naomi: Some people say 間違え (machigae) instead of 間違い (machigai). |
| Kat: Yeah. I've actually noticed that. Some people replace the final "i" in まちがい (machigai) to "e". I actually did that myself. |
| Naomi: 私も。(Watashi mo.) |
| Kat: Ah! So which is correct? |
| Naomi: I think both are correct, since both of them are in the dictionary. |
| Kat: Ah Ok. Great. So can we have a sample sentence please? |
| Naomi: 間違いありません。(Machigai arimasen.) |
| Kat: "There's no mistake". Of course, 間違えありません (machigae arimasen) is also OK, right? |
| Naomi: はい。(Hai.) |
| Kat: And this phrase, 間違いありません (machigai arimasen) or 間違えありません (machigae arimasen) is used to mean "I'm positive" or "that's right" in a conversation, isn’t it? |
| Naomi: はい、そうです。(Hai, sō desu.) |
| Kat: It can be one of those things that people say almost as a reflex when agreeing. |
| Naomi: そう。間違えありません。(Sō. Machigae arimasen.) Like that. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Kat: The focus of this lesson is how to say "to do something for someone else.” |
| Naomi: First let's look at the formation. |
| Kat: The formation is “[te-form of a verb]＋あげる (ageru)”. For example, how do you say "to make"? |
| Naomi: 作る (tsukuru) |
| Kat: And the -te form is ? |
| Naomi: 作って (tsukutte) |
| Kat: Attach あげる (ageru). |
| Naomi: 作ってあげる (tsukutte ageru) |
| Kat: “to make something for someone” |
| Naomi: So すしを作ってあげる (sushi o tsukutte ageru) is... |
| Kat: “to make sushi for someone” |
| Naomi: How about this sentence? 私は家族にすしを作ってあげる。(Watashi wa kazoku ni sushi o tsukutte ageru.) |
| Kat: "I'll make sushi for my family." Notice that the person who receives the benefit is marked by the particle に (ni). |
| Naomi: Actually, sometimes the person who receives the benefit of the action is marked by the particle を (o) for some verbs. |
| Kat: But let's stick to the particle に (ni) in this lesson. |
| Naomi: Good idea. |
| Kat: Listeners, please repeat. |
| Naomi: 私は家族にすしを作ってあげる。(Watashi wa kazoku ni sushi o tsukutte ageru.) |
| Kat: (pause) Listeners, say "I'll make sushi for my family." |
| Naomi: (pause) 私は家族にすしを作ってあげる。(Watashi wa kazoku ni sushi o tsukutte ageru.) |
| Kat: Ok. So let's do one more. How do you say "to teach"? |
| Naomi: 教える (oshieru) |
| Kat: And the -te form is? |
| Naomi: 教えて (oshiete) |
| Kat: Attach あげる (ageru). |
| Naomi: 教えてあげる |
| Kat: "To teach something to someone" or maybe "to teach something to someone (after being asked to by that person)". |
| Naomi: So 英語を教えてあげる (Eigo o oshiete ageru) means |
| Kat: "I teach (someone) English." |
| Naomi: Here's a sample sentence. ジョシュは大地に英語を教えてあげる。(Joshu wa Daichi ni Eigo o oshiete ageru.) |
| Kat: "Josh teaches Daichi English." Listeners, repeat. |
| Naomi: ジョシュは大地に英語を教えてあげる。(Joshu wa Daichi ni Eigo o oshiete ageru.) |
| Kat: (pause) Listeners, say "Josh teaches Daichi English" in Japanese. |
| Naomi: (pause) ジョシュは大地に英語を教えてあげる。(Joshu wa Daichi ni Eigo o oshiete ageru.) |
| Kat: So how was it？ |
| Naomi: キャットさんは最近誰かに何かをしてあげましたか。(Kyatto-san wa saikin dareka ni nani ka o shite agemashita ka.) |
| Kat: えーと、そうですね。うーん...。あ、友達に誕生日ケーキを作ってあげました。(Ēto, sō desu ne. Ūn… A, tomodachi ni tanjōbi kēki o tsukutte agemashita.) |
| Naomi: おー、すごい！ケーキ作ってあげたんだ。(Ō, sugoi! Kēki tsukutte ageta n da.) |
| Kat: 作ってあげました。(Tsukutte agemashita.) I made a birthday cake for my friend quite recently. But I don’t know if it was good or not. |
| Naomi: 多分美味しかったと思いますよ。(Tabun oishikatta to omoimasu yo.) |
| Kat: Thank you so much. I think it’s 気持ちだけ (kimochi dake). The feeling made in making the cake is probably better than the taste. The formation of 〜てあげる (-te ageru) isn't so difficult, is it? However there are some things that you should be careful when using あげる (ageru), so be sure to read the lesson notes. |
| Naomi: それじゃあ、また。(Sorejā, mata.) |
| Kat: Bye bye! See you next time! |
Outro |
Easily master this lesson’s grammar points with in-depth explanations and examples. Sign up for your Free Lifetime Account and get 7 Days of Premium Access including this feature.
Get complete breakdowns, review with quizzes and download printable practice sheets! Sign up for your Free Lifetime Account Now and get 7 Days of Premium Access including this feature.
Comments
Hide