Learn about contracted Japanese expressions
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Naomi: なおみです！ |
| Kat: Kat here, This Japanese is Easy to Say. In this lesson you'll learn colloquial terms that will make your Japanese sounds natural. |
| Naomi: 短縮形を勉強します |
| Kat: We'll introduce contracted forms.This conversation takes place at? |
| Naomi:うちです。 |
| Kat: At home. The conversation is between a father and his 4 year old daughter. |
| Naomi: そうですね。お父さんと娘さんの会話です。 |
| Kat: And since it's a conversation between a father and a daughter, you'll hear informal Japanese. |
| Naomi: では、聞いてみましょう。 |
| Kat: So let’s listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| お父さん:あ、割っちゃった。 |
| 娘:パパ、コップ割っちゃったの？気をつけなくちゃ。 |
| お父さん:はいはい。風歌、早くご飯食べちゃいなさい。 |
| 娘:いらない。 |
| お父さん:おなかすいちゃうよ。食べなくちゃだめ。 |
| 娘:やだ、やだ、やだ。 |
| お父さん:わかった、わかった。じゃ、保育園に行こう。 |
| 娘:やだ！ |
| お父さん:風歌。パパ、会社に遅刻しちゃうよ。 |
| 娘:ママ、お仕事、行っちゃった？ |
| お父さん:うん。だから、パパ、嵐と風歌を保育園に連れて行かなくちゃいけないんだ。 |
| 娘:やだ。パパ嫌い。 |
| お父さん:風歌！ |
| もう一度、会話を聞いてください。今度は、ゆっくり話します。 |
| お父さん:あ、割っちゃった。 |
| 娘:パパ、コップ割っちゃったの？気をつけなくちゃ。 |
| お父さん:はいはい。風歌、早くご飯食べちゃいなさい。 |
| 娘:いらない。 |
| お父さん:おなかすいちゃうよ。食べなくちゃだめ。 |
| 娘:やだ、やだ、やだ。 |
| お父さん:わかった、わかった。じゃ、保育園に行こう。 |
| 娘:やだ！ |
| お父さん:風歌。パパ、会社に遅刻しちゃうよ。 |
| 娘:ママ、お仕事、行っちゃった？ |
| お父さん:うん。だから、パパ、嵐と風歌を保育園に連れて行かなくちゃいけないんだ。 |
| 娘:やだ。パパ嫌い。 |
| お父さん:風歌！ |
| 今度は英語の訳と一緒に聞いてみましょう。 |
| お父さん:あ、割っちゃった。 |
| Kat: Ah, I broke it. |
| 娘:パパ、コップ割っちゃったの？気をつけなくちゃ。 |
| Kat: Daddy, did you break the cup? You have to be careful. |
| お父さん:はいはい。風歌、早くご飯食べちゃいなさい。 |
| Kat: I know, I know. Fūka, hurry up and finish eating your food. |
| 娘:いらない。 |
| Kat: I don't want it. |
| お父さん:おなかすいちゃうよ。食べなくちゃだめ。 |
| Kat: You'll get hungry. You have to eat. |
| 娘:やだ、やだ、やだ。 |
| Kat: No, no, no. |
| お父さん:わかった、わかった。じゃ、保育園に行こう。 |
| Kat: All right, all right. So let's go to nursery. |
| 娘:やだ！ |
| Kat: No! |
| お父さん:風歌。パパ、会社に遅刻しちゃうよ。 |
| Kat: Fūka. Daddy will be late for work. |
| 娘:ママ、お仕事、行っちゃった？ |
| Kat: Has Mommy gone to work? |
| お父さん:うん。だから、パパ、嵐と風歌を保育園に連れて行かなくちゃいけないんだ。 |
| Kat: Yeah. So Daddy has to take Arashi and Fūka to nursery. |
| 娘:やだ。パパ嫌い。 |
| Kat: No. I hate Daddy. |
| お父さん:風歌！ |
| Kat: Fūka! |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Naomi: お父さん大変そうですね。 |
| Kat: Yes, it does look like a tough job being a dad! To be told パパ嫌い I hate you daddy! by your 4-year-old daughter... poor お父さん! |
| Naomi: 頑張っているのにねぇ。 |
| Kat: Even though he's trying his best! |
| Naomi: この前友達の家に行ったんですが、友達と、友達の娘さんに会いました。友達の娘は、ずっと、「いや！」 とか 「やだ！」といっていましたね。 |
| Kat: So a while ago you visited your friend's home and your friend's daughter was like Fuuka in the dialogue? And just kept saying "iya", "No!" or "yada", "I don't want to!"? |
| Naomi: そうそうそう。 |
| Kat: The whole time? |
| Naomi: そうです。多分やだやだperiodだと思うんですけど。 |
| Kat: Yeah 2 or 3 year-old have that. Commonly, yeah. |
| Naomi: はい。まぁそれを見て、このダイアログを書きました。 |
| Kat: Ah! So you were kind of inspired by your friend's daughter then. |
| Naomi: はい、そうです。 |
| Kat: I see. By the way, in the dialogue Fuuka kept saying "やだ" which means "I don't want to" or "No way", but やだ was originally "いやだ" right? |
| Naomi: そうです。This is the word いやplus the colloquial だ. In a very casual conversation い is often dropped. So we get やだ！ |
| Kat: Sometimes we hear it without だ at the end. So you get いや！or simply や！That sounds so cute. |
| Naomi: It sounds very childish though. |
| Kat: Um. So of course, you can't use や in a business setting or even probably with your kind of adult friends. |
| Naomi: そうですね。無理ですね。 |
| Kat: So definitely not do. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Kat: OK so now, let's take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. |
| And the first word we are going to see is: |
| Naomi: 割る [natural native speed] |
| Kat: to break, to divide, to cut |
| Naomi: 割る [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Naomi: 割る [natural native speed] |
| Kat: And next: |
| Naomi: コップ [natural native speed] |
| Kat: glass, tumbler |
| Naomi: コップ [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Naomi: コップ [natural native speed] |
| Kat: OK. And next: |
| Naomi: 気をつける [natural native speed] |
| Kat: to be careful, to pay attention |
| Naomi: 気をつける [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Naomi: 気をつける [natural native speed] |
| Kat: Next: |
| Naomi: いる [natural native speed] |
| Kat: to need, to want |
| Naomi: いる [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Naomi: いる [natural native speed] |
| Kat: And finally: |
| Naomi: お腹がすく [natural native speed] |
| Kat: to become hungry |
| Naomi: お腹がすく [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Naomi: お腹がすく [natural native speed] |
| VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE |
| Kat: OK. So now, let's have a closer look at the usage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson. |
| Kat: And the first one we are going to look at is... |
| Naomi: コップ |
| Kat: A glass, a drinking glass. |
| Naomi: Whereas in Japanese we call a cup, カップ. |
| Kat: Right. It's a bit confusing so be careful. Koppu with a コ refers to glasses or tumblers, whereas kappu with a カ refers to cups or mugs. |
| Naomi: I heard the word コップ meaning glass originates from Dutch or Portuguese rather than English. |
| Kat: Um. There are a lot of words in Japanese which are written in katakana which are from European languages other than English... like for example, ペンキ for "paint", which is Dutch originally. |
| Naomi: うん。 |
| Kat: So just because you speak English doesn't mean you'll automatically know what every katakana word means! So be careful. By the way, Naomi-sensei. |
| Naomi: はい。 |
| Kat: I've also heard people calling a glass (グラス). Glass is also a common way of referring to a drinking glass, right? |
| Naomi: はい、そうです。 |
| Kat: OK. So the next item we are going to look at is? |
| Naomi: わかった、わかった |
| Kat: I know, I know. |
| Repeating the same word twice (or more) emphasizes the speaker’s feeling and gives the sentence rhythm like in English. |
| Naomi: はい、そうです。例えば、「ごめんごめん。」 |
| Kat: Sorry. Sorry. |
| Naomi: ちがうちがう |
| Kat: "No, no, that's wrong." |
| I can think of one more example actually. Which you use a lot in a conversation, Naomi-sensei, |
| Naomi: え？何々？What is it? |
| Kat: It’s そうそう。"That’s right. That’s right." |
| Naomi: あーそうそう。(笑）よく使います。あのー私、よく使いますね。I do it a lot. そうそうそうそう。 |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Kat: In this lesson you’ll learn how to sound more natural when speaking Japanese. |
| Naomi: 短い形。Contracted forms を勉強します。 |
| Kat: Yes. We'll introduce contracted forms, or easy-to-say forms. |
| Naomi: 今回は、自然な"should" や "Shouldn't"の言い方を勉強します。まず最初に、"should”の言い方を練習しましょう。 |
| Kat: First of all, you'll learn how to say "have to" or "should" in natural Japanese. |
| So far you’ve learned "-なくてはいけない" is "should" or "have to" right? Of course this is also a perfectly natural expression. However when people are speaking fast or casually, this "なくてはいけない" becomes なくちゃいけない. |
| Naomi: 例えば、For example 行かなくてはいけない。 |
| Kat "I have to go" |
| Naomi: is said 行かなくちゃいけない。 |
| Kat: Let’s have one more. |
| Naomi: しなくてはいけない |
| Kat: "I have to do" |
| Naomi: becomes しなくちゃいけない。 |
| Kat: Can we have a sample sentence? |
| Naomi: はい。朝ごはんを食べなくちゃいけない。 |
| Kat: "You have to eat breakfast." OK. Listeners, listen and repeat. |
| Naomi: 朝ごはんを食べなくちゃいけない。 |
| Kat: Now Naomi-sensei, the last part いけない can be replaced with だめ, can't it? |
| Naomi: あ、そうですね。That's what the father said to his daughter in the dialogue. |
| 食べなくちゃダメ |
| Kat: "You have to eat." |
| Naomi: Or you can stop the sentence at ちゃ。 |
| Kat: Ah, just like the daughter said in the dialogue. 気をつけなくちゃ！ You have to be careful. |
| Naomi: はい。可愛いですよね。Sounds very cute. |
| Kat: Yes, it does. OK. Next, let's learn the colloquial way to say "shouldn't" . |
| Naomi: Which is ちゃいけない |
| Kat: Right. You may already know てはいけない is "shouldn't. "And this ては becomes ちゃ. |
| Naomi: So, |
| 走ってはいけない（Kat, You shouldn't run) becomes 走っちゃいけない |
| 笑ってはいけない (Kat, You shouldn't laugh) becomes 笑っちゃいけない |
| Kat: OK. So can we have a sample sentence? |
| Naomi: はい。タバコを吸っちゃいけない |
| Kat: You shouldn't smoke. OK listeners, listen and repeat. |
| Naomi: タバコを吸っちゃいけない |
| Kat: Naomi-sensei, did you do chores or jobs round the house when you were child? |
| Naomi: エー、子供の時？わーなんだろう。。。えー…ああ！休みの日、庭を掃除しなくちゃいけなかったです。 |
| Kat: So you had to tidy up the garden on weekends to do some gardenings. |
| Naomi: そう。キャットさんは、何をしなくちゃいけませんでしたか？ |
| Kat: えっと、なんでしょうね。 自分の部屋を片付けなくちゃいけなかったです。それだけ！ |
| Naomi: あ、それだけ？ |
| Kat: はい。So all I had to do was tidy up my own room which was really smarf of the record ...お母さん大変だったかな。。。 I feel really sorry for my mom! |
| Naomi: ま、お勉強一生懸命してたんですよね。 |
| Kat: あ...はい。 |
| Naomi: You studied hard. |
| Kat: Am...Yes...Of course. |
| Naomi: じゃ、リスナーの皆さんはどうですか？子供のとき、何をしなくちゃいけませんでしたか？教えてください。 |
| Kat: Yes, how about you, listeners? What did you have to do when you were a child around the house? Please let us know in the comments. |
| Naomi: じゃまた。 |
| Kat: Bye! See you next time! |
Outro |
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