Dialogue

Vocabulary (Review)

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Lesson Transcript

INTRODUCTION
Naomi: なおみです。(Naomi desu.)
Peter: Peter here. Is Giving Gifts Better than Receiving Them in Japan? In this lesson, you will learn how to say "to give" and "to receive" in Japanese.
Naomi: Right. The verbs あげる (ageru) and もらう (morau).
Peter: This conversation takes place at?
Naomi: 歩さんの働いている会社 (Ayumu-san no hataraite iru kaisha)
Peter: The office Ayumu works at. Who is the conversation between?
Naomi: 歩さんと渡さん (Ayumu-san to Wataru-san)
Peter: Since they're friends, they're using informal Japanese.
Naomi: では、聞いてください。(Dewa, kiite kudasai.)
Peter: Please listen to the conversation.
DIALOGUE
近森 渡 (Chikamori Wataru) : 歩、そのかばん、新しい?(Ayumu, sono kaban, atarashii?)
遠井 歩 (Tōi Ayumu) : これ?うん。去年の クリスマスに 彼に もらった。(Kore? Un. Kyonen no kurisumasu ni kare ni moratta.)
近森 渡 (Chikamori Wataru) : へー。彼氏に もらったんだー。趣味が 良いねー。(Hē. Kareshi ni moratta n dā. Shumi ga ii nē.)
: で、歩は、彼氏に 何あげたの?(De, Ayumu wa, kareshi ni nani ageta no?)
遠井 歩 (Tōi Ayumu) : な・い・しょ。(Na i sho.)
近森 渡 (Chikamori Wataru) : いいじゃん。教えてよ。(Ii jan. Oshiete yo.)
: あ・・・ところで、彼氏と 会って 話した?(A... tokorode, kareshi to atte hanashita?)
遠井 歩 (Tōi Ayumu) : うん。実は、誤解だったの。(Un. Jitsu wa, gokai datta no.)
: 私たちが 見た人 は 新じゃなかった のよ。(Watashi-tachi ga mita hito wa Shin ja nakatta no yo.)
: ま、長い話なんだけど。(Ma, nagai hanashi nan da kedo.)
近森 渡 (Chikamori Wataru) : そう。よかったねー。(Sō. Yokatta nē.)
遠井 歩 (Tōi Ayumu) : うん。来週、彼の 誕生日なの。(Un. Raishū, kare no tanjōbi na no.)
: 何を あげよう…。(Nani o ageyō…)
Naomi: もう一度、お願いします。今度はゆっくりお願いします。(Mō ichi-do, onegai shimasu. Kondo wa yukkuri onegai shimasu.)
近森 渡 (Chikamori Wataru) : 歩、そのかばん、新しい?(Ayumu, sono kaban, atarashii?)
遠井 歩 (Tōi Ayumu) : これ?うん。去年の クリスマスに 彼に もらった。(Kore? Un. Kyonen no kurisumasu ni kare ni moratta.)
近森 渡 (Chikamori Wataru) : へー。彼氏に もらったんだー。趣味が 良いねー。(Hē. Kareshi ni moratta n dā. Shumi ga ii nē.)
: で、歩は、彼氏に 何あげたの?(De, Ayumu wa, kareshi ni nani ageta no?)
遠井 歩 (Tōi Ayumu) : な・い・しょ。(Na i sho.)
近森 渡 (Chikamori Wataru) : いいじゃん。教えてよ。(Ii jan. Oshiete yo.)
: あ・・・ところで、彼氏と 会って 話した?(A... tokorode, kareshi to atte hanashita?)
遠井 歩 (Tōi Ayumu) : うん。実は、誤解だったの。(Un. Jitsu wa, gokai datta no.)
: 私たちが 見た人 は 新じゃなかった のよ。(Watashi-tachi ga mita hito wa Shin ja nakatta no yo.)
: ま、長い話なんだけど。(Ma, nagai hanashi nan da kedo.)
近森 渡 (Chikamori Wataru) : そう。よかったねー。(Sō. Yokatta nē.)
遠井 歩 (Tōi Ayumu) : うん。来週、彼の 誕生日なの。(Un. Raishū, kare no tanjōbi na no.)
: 何を あげよう…。(Nani o ageyō…)
Naomi: 今度は、英語が入ります。(Kondo wa, Eigo ga hairimasu.)
近森 渡 (Chikamori Wataru) : 歩、そのかばん、新しい?(Ayumu, sono kaban, atarashii?)
Ayumu, is that bag new?
遠井歩 (Tōi Ayumu) : これ?うん。去年の クリスマスに 彼に もらった。(Kore? Un. Kyonen no kurisumasu ni kare ni moratta.)
This? Yeah. I got it from my boyfriend for Christmas last year.
近森 渡 (Chikamori Wataru) : へー。彼氏に もらったんだー。趣味が 良いねー。(Hē. Kareshi ni moratta n dā. Shumi ga ii nē.)
Hmm, so you got it from your boyfriend. He has good taste!
: で、歩は、彼氏に 何あげたの?(De, Ayumu wa, kareshi ni nani ageta no?)
So, what'd you get for him?
遠井 歩 (Tōi Ayumu) : な・い・しょ。(Na i sho.)
It's a secret!
近森 渡 (Chikamori Wataru) : いいじゃん。教えてよ。(Ii jan. Oshiete yo.)
C'mon! Tell me!
: あ・・・ところで、彼氏と 会って 話した?(A... tokorode, kareshi to atte hanashita?)
Oh...by the way, did you meet up and talk with him?
遠井 歩 (Tōi Ayumu) : うん。実は、誤解だったの。(Un. Jitsu wa, gokai datta no.)
Yeah. It was actually all a misunderstanding.
: 私たちが 見た人 は 新じゃなかった のよ。(Watashi-tachi ga mita hito wa Shin ja nakatta no yo.)
The person we saw wasn't Shin!
: ま、長い話なんだけど。(Ma, nagai hanashi nan da kedo.)
Well, it's a long story...
近森 渡 (Chikamori Wataru) : そう。よかったねー。(Sō. Yokatta nē.)
Oh yeah? Well that's good!
遠井 歩 (Tōi Ayumu) : うん。来週、彼の 誕生日なの。(Un. Raishū, kare no tanjōbi na no.)
Yeah. Next week is his birthday.
: 何を あげよう…。(Nani o ageyō…)
What should I get him...?
POST CONVERSATION BANTER
Peter: So Naomi-sensei.
Naomi: はい。(Hai.)
Peter: Ayumu finally found out it was all a 誤解 (gokai).
Naomi: そう。(Sō.)
Peter: "misunderstanding" - and that her boyfriend hadn't been cheating on her.
Naomi: そう、よかったですね。歩はもう怒ってないですね。(Sō, yokatta desu ne. Ayumu wa mō okotte nai desu ne.)
Peter: Ayumu isn't angry anymore.
Naomi: よかったですね。(Yokatta desu ne.)
Peter: Which is good. Now, speaking of boyfriend, Ayumu called her boyfriend 彼 (kare) but Wataru referred to Ayumu's boyfriend as 彼氏 (kareshi). Was there a special reason behind it?
Naomi: Not really. It's just that some people use the word 彼 (kare) to mean boyfriend and some use 彼氏 (kareshi). That's all.
Peter: So it's not related to my boyfriend or someone else's boyfriend.
Naomi: ああ、違います違います。(Ā, chigaimasu chigaimasu.) Nope. But 彼 (kare) mean "he" or "boyfriend", whereas 彼氏 usually means only "boyfriend". Some people use 彼氏 (kareshi) to mean "he", but it's rare, I'd say.
VOCAB LIST
Peter: OK. Let's take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson.
The first word is:
趣味 (shumi) [natural native speed]
hobby, preference, taste
趣味 (shumi) [slowly - broken down by syllable]
趣味 (shumi) [natural native speed]
Next:
内緒 (naisho) [natural native speed]
secret
内緒 (naisho) [slowly - broken down by syllable]
内緒 (naisho) [natural native speed]
Next:
ところで (tokorode) [natural native speed]
by the way
ところで (tokorode) [slowly - broken down by syllable]
ところで (tokorode) [natural native speed]
Next:
実は (jitsu wa) [natural native speed]
the truth is, actually
実は (jitsu wa) [slowly - broken down by syllable]
実は (jitsu wa) [natural native speed]
Next:
誤解 (gokai) [natural native speed]
misunderstand, misinterpret
誤解 (gokai) [slowly - broken down by syllable]
誤解 (gokai) [natural native speed]
VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE
Peter: Let's have a closer look at the usage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson. Naomi-sensei, the first word we’re looking at is?
Naomi: 趣味 (shumi)
Peter: "hobby", "one's taste". So, 趣味 (shumi) means "one's taste" as well as "hobby."
Naomi: そうですね。(Sō desu ne.) If you say 趣味がいい (shumi ga ii), it means that someone has good taste.
Peter: Can we have a sample sentence?
Naomi: Sure. 私の彼は趣味がいい。(Watashi no kare wa shumi ga ii.)
Peter: “My boyfriend has good taste.”
Naomi: The opposite phrase is 趣味が悪い (shumi ga warui).
Peter: Literally, "someone's taste is bad" but it means "someone has bad taste."
So...Naomi-sensei. Can we say なおみ先生は趣味が悪い (Naomi-sensei wa shumi ga warui), Naomi-sensei has bad taste?
Naomi: I knew you were going to say it. Yes, you can. できます。(Dekimasu.)
You can specify what kind of taste by using the the particle の (no). For example, 服 (fuku) means clothes, so 服の趣味がいい (fuku no shumi ga ii) is
Peter: “To have good taste in clothes.”
Naomi: 服の趣味が悪い (fuku no shumi ga warui) is
Peter: “To have bad taste in clothes.” Umm... I have to admit that… 僕は服の趣味が悪いです。(Boku wa fuku no shumi ga warui desu.) “I have bad taste in clothes.”
Naomi: Oh, you knew that. よかったです。(Yokatta desu.) That’s good.
Peter: Now, Naomi-sensei. This makes a lot of sense because one time, I heard someone said あぁ、趣味がいい (ā, shumi ga ii) and I thought they meant that I had a good hobby.
Naomi: Ahh…
Peter: But they were actually talking about taste.
Naomi: そうですね。(Sō desu ne.) Or preference.
Peter: OK. What's next?
Naomi: ところで (tokorode)
Peter: “By the way.” This conjunction is used when the speaker wants to change the topic of the conversation.
Naomi: Here's a sample sentence.
ところで、今夜何食べる?(Tokorode, kon’ya nani taberu?)
Peter: “By the way, what are we eating tonight?” So it allowed a topic change.
Naomi: そう、そうですね。(Sō, sō desu ne.) In the dialogue, we also have 実は (jitsu wa),
Peter: “Actually.”
Naomi: Some English speakers use this word "actually" pretty often, right?
Peter: Yeah, I think so. People have certain speaking habits. So this could definitely be one of them.
Naomi: そうね。(Sō ne.) But here is my advice. Don't overuse 実は (jitsu wa),
Peter: “actually”
Naomi: in Japanese because it's really a big word. When you say 実は (jitsu wa), it sounds like you're going to give some very important information. I personally think it's more similar to "the truth is."
Peter: So I guess what you want to say is like not a big word but a very strong phrase.
Naomi: そうですね。あ、そう。(Sō desu ne. A, sō.) Strong phrase. 強い言葉です。(Tsuyoi kotoba desu.)

Lesson focus

Peter: OK. Let’s take a grammar point for this lesson. The focus of this lesson is how to say "to give" and "to receive" in Japanese.
Naomi: そうです。(Sō desu.) Right. However in this audio portion, we'll only focus on the usage of the verb あげる (ageru).
Peter: meaning "to give." OK, can we have a sample sentence?
Naomi: 私は 母に 花を あげる。(Watashi wa haha ni hana o ageru.)
Peter: “I'm going to give my mother flowers.” Let's break this sentence down.
Naomi: 私は (watashi wa)
Peter: "I" and the topic marking particle は (wa)
Naomi: 母 (haha)
Peter: "Mother"
Naomi: に (ni)
Peter: Particle that indicates direction.
Naomi: So 母に (haha ni) means "to my mother."
Peter: This is followed by
Naomi: 花を (han o)
Peter: 花 (hana), “flower” or “flowers” and the object marking particle
Naomi: を (o) and あげる (ageru)
Peter: “To give.” So...
Naomi: 私は母に花をあげる。(Watashi wa haha ni hana o ageru.)
Peter: Which literally means, "I / to my mother / flowers / give" Of course it means "I'll give flowers to my mother." or "I'll give my mother flowers."
Naomi: Notice that the person who receives the item is marked by に (ni).
Peter: OK. How do you say "I'm going to give a bag to my father "?
Naomi: To say that sentence in Japanese, the word order should be "I / to my father / a bag / to give"
Peter: OK. So the subject plus particle,
Naomi: 私は (watashi wa)
Peter: “I.” Next say the person who receives the item with the particle に (ni).
Naomi: 父に (chichi ni)
Peter: “To my father.” Next. The item you give plus the object marking particle?
Naomi: バッグを (baggu o )
Peter: "A bag". Finally, add the verb "to give"
Naomi: あげる (ageru)
Peter: All together?
Naomi: 私は父にバッグをあげる。(Watashi wa chichi ni baggu o ageru.)
Peter: “I'll give my father a bag” or “I'll give a bag to my father.” OK, listen and repeat. "I'm going to give my father a bag."
Naomi: 私は父にバッグをあげる。(Watashi wa chichi ni baggu o ageru.)
Peter: [pause] Say "I'm going to give my father a bag" in Japanese.
Naomi: [pause] 私は父にバッグをあげる。(Watashiwa chichic ni baggu o ageru.) If you use あげた (ageta) instead of あげる (ageru), it becomes the past tense. You can talk about what you gave someone. ところで、ピーターさん。母の日、父の日に何をあげましたか。(Tokorode, Pītā-san. Haha no hi, chichi no hi ni nani o agemashita ka.)
Peter: Ah, by the way, what did I give my parents on Mother's Day and Father's Day?
Naomi: はい。(Hai.)
Peter: Well... 母に花をあげました。父にお礼をあげました。(Haha ni hana o agemashita. Chichi ni o-rei o agemashita.)
Naomi: お礼?(O-rei?)
Peter: Hm. “Thank you.”
Naomi: You just said “Thank you?”
Peter: Yeah..
Naomi: Ah!
Peter: So I gave my mother flowers, and my father, a thank you.
Naomi: Ah. OK. So… あげませんでしたね。お父さんに。(Agemasen deshita ne. O-tō-san ni.)
Peter: まぁ、まぁ…うん、まぁね。(Mā, mā… un, mā ne.) You could look it that way.
Naomi: Ah, OK. みなさんはプレゼントをあげましたか。(Mina-san wa purezento o agemashita ka.)
Peter: So listeners, have you given any presents to anyone lately? If so, please let us know in the comment section. Of course, in Japanese. Also, there's a detailed write up about the verbs あげる (ageru) “to give”, もらう (morau) “to receive”, and くれる (kureru) “to give me”, so don't forget to check the lesson notes.
Naomi: じゃ、また。(Ja, mata.)

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