Learn how to talk about the acts of giving and receiving in Japanese using the verbs ageru, kureru, and morau
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Naomi: Naomiです。 |
| Peter: Peter here. Is Giving Gifts Better than Receiving Them in Japan? In this lesson, you will learn how to say "to give" and "to receive" in Japanese. |
| Naomi: Right. The verbs あげる and もらう |
| Peter: This conversation takes place? |
| Naomi: 歩さんの働いている会社 |
| Peter: "The office Ayumu works at". Who is the conversation between? |
| Naomi: 歩さんとわたるさん |
| Peter: Since they're friends, they're using informal Japanese. |
| Naomi: では、聞いてください。 |
| Peter: Please listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| 近森 渡:歩、そのかばん、新しい？ |
| 遠井 歩:これ？うん。去年の クリスマスに 彼に もらった。 |
| 近森 渡:へー。彼氏に もらったんだー。趣味が 良いねー。 |
| :で、歩は、彼氏に 何あげたの？ |
| 遠井 歩:な・い・しょ。 |
| 近森 渡:いいじゃん。教えてよ。 |
| :あ・・・ところで、彼氏と 会って 話した？ |
| 遠井 歩:うん。実は、誤解だったの。 |
| :私たちが 見た人 は 新じゃなかった のよ。 |
| :ま、長い話なんだけど。 |
| 近森 渡:そう。よかったねー。 |
| 遠井 歩:うん。来週、彼の 誕生日なの。 |
| :何を あげよう…。 |
| Naomi: もう一度、お願いします。今度は、ゆっくり、お願いします。 |
| 近森 渡:歩、そのかばん、新しい？ |
| 遠井 歩:これ？うん。去年の クリスマスに 彼に もらった。 |
| 近森 渡:へー。彼氏に もらったんだー。趣味が 良いねー。 |
| :で、歩は、彼氏に 何あげたの？ |
| 遠井 歩:な・い・しょ。 |
| 近森 渡:いいじゃん。教えてよ。 |
| :あ・・・ところで、彼氏と 会って 話した？ |
| 遠井 歩:うん。実は、誤解だったの。 |
| :私たちが 見た人 は 新じゃなかった のよ。 |
| :ま、長い話なんだけど。 |
| 近森 渡:そう。よかったねー。 |
| 遠井 歩:うん。来週、彼の 誕生日なの。 |
| :何を あげよう…。 |
| Naomi: 今度は、英語が入ります。 |
| 近森 渡:歩、そのかばん、新しい？ |
| Lady: Ayumu, is that bag new? |
| 遠井 歩:これ？うん。去年の クリスマスに 彼に もらった。 |
| Lady: This? Yeah. I got it from my boyfriend for Christmas last year. |
| 近森 渡:へー。彼氏に もらったんだー。趣味が 良いねー。 |
| Lady: Hmm, so you got it from your boyfriend. He has good taste! |
| :で、歩は、彼氏に 何あげたの？ |
| Lady: So, what'd you get for him? |
| 遠井 歩:な・い・しょ。 |
| Lady: It's a secret! |
| 近森 渡:いいじゃん。教えてよ。 |
| Lady: C'mon! Tell me! |
| :あ・・・ところで、彼氏と 会って 話した？ |
| Lady: Oh...by the way, did you meet up and talk with him? |
| 遠井 歩:うん。実は、誤解だったの。 |
| Lady: Yeah. It was actually all a misunderstanding. |
| :私たちが 見た人 は 新じゃなかった のよ。 |
| Lady: The person we saw wasn't Shin! |
| :ま、長い話なんだけど。 |
| Lady: Well, it's a long story... |
| 近森 渡:そう。よかったねー。 |
| Lady: Oh yeah? Well that's good! |
| 遠井 歩:うん。来週、彼の 誕生日なの。 |
| Lady: Yeah. Next week is his birthday. |
| :何を あげよう…。 |
| Lady: What should I get him...? |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Peter: So Naomi-sensei. |
| Naomi: はい。 |
| Peter: Ayumu finally found out it was all a 誤解 |
| Naomi: そう。 |
| Peter: "misunderstanding" - and that her boyfriend hadn't been cheating on her. |
| Naomi: そう、よかったですね。あゆむはもう怒ってないですね。 |
| Peter: Ayumu isn't angry anymore |
| Naomi: よかったですね。 |
| Peter: Which is good. Now, speaking of boyfriend, Ayumu called her boyfriend 彼 but Wataru referred to Ayumu's boyfriend as 彼氏. Was there a special reason behind it? |
| Naomi: Not really. It's just that some people use the word 彼 to mean boyfriend and some use 彼氏. That's all. |
| Peter: So it's not related to my boyfriend or someone else's boyfriend. |
| Naomi: ああ、違います違います。Nope. But 彼 mean "he" or "boyfriend", whereas 彼氏 usually means only "boyfriend". Some people use 彼氏 to mean "he", but it's rare, I'd say. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Peter: OK. Let's take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. |
| The first word is: |
| Naomi: 趣味 [natural native speed] |
| Peter: hobby, preference, taste |
| Naomi: 趣味 [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Naomi: 趣味 [natural native speed] |
| Next: |
| Naomi: 内緒 [natural native speed] |
| Peter: secret |
| Naomi: 内緒 [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Naomi: 内緒 [natural native speed] |
| Next: |
| Naomi: ところで [natural native speed] |
| Peter: by the way |
| Naomi: ところで [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Naomi: ところで [natural native speed] |
| Next: |
| Naomi: 実は [natural native speed] |
| Peter: the truth is, actually |
| Naomi: 実は [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Naomi: 実は [natural native speed] |
| Next: |
| Naomi: 誤解 [natural native speed] |
| Peter: misunderstand, misinterpret |
| Naomi: 誤解 [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Naomi: 誤解 [natural native speed] |
| VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE |
| Peter: Let's have a closer look at the usage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson. Naomi-sensei, the first word we’re looking at is? |
| Naomi: 趣味 |
| Peter: "hobby", "one's taste". So, shumi means "one's taste" as well as "hobby." |
| Naomi: そうですね。If you say 趣味がいい, it means that someone has good taste |
| Peter: Can we have a sample sentence? |
| Naomi: Sure. 私の彼は趣味がいい。 |
| Peter: My boyfriend has a good taste. |
| Naomi: The opposite phrase is 趣味が悪い |
| Peter: Literally, "someone's taste is bad" but it means "someone has bad taste" |
| So...Naomi-sensei. Can we say「直美先生は趣味が悪い」"Naomi-sensei has bad taste?" |
| Naomi: I knew you were going to say it. Yes, you can. 出来ます。 |
| You can specify what kind of taste by using the particle の. For example, 服 is clothes so 服の趣味がいい is |
| Peter: "To have good taste in clothes." |
| Naomi: 服の趣味が悪い is |
| Peter: "To have bad taste in clothes." Yeah... I have to admit that 僕は服の趣味が悪いです。"I have bad taste in clothes" |
| Naomi: Oh, you knew that. よかったです。That’s good. |
| Peter: Now, Naomi-sensei. This makes a lot of sense because one time, I heard someone said “あぁ、趣味がいい” and I thought they meant that having a good hobby. |
| Naomi: Ahh… |
| Peter: But they were actually talking about taste. |
| Naomi: そうですね。 Or preference. |
| Peter: OK. What's next? |
| Naomi: ところで |
| Peter: "by the way" This conjunction is used when the speaker wants to change the topic of the conversation. |
| Naomi: Here's a sample sentence. |
| ところで、今夜何食べる？ |
| Peter: By the way, what are we eating tonight? So it allowed a topic change. |
| Naomi: そう、そうですね。In the dialogue, we also have 実は |
| Peter: Actually. |
| Naomi: Some English speakers use the word "actually" pretty often, right? |
| Peter: Yeah, I think so. People have some speaking habits. So this could be definitely one of them. |
| Naomi: そうね。But here is my advice. Don't overuse 実は(actually) in Japanese because it's a really big word. When you say “実は”, it sounds like you're going to give some very important information. I personally think it's more similar to "The truth is" |
| Peter: So I guess what you want to say is like not a big word but a very strong phrase. |
| Naomi: そうですね。あ、そう。Strong phrase. 強い言葉です。 |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Peter: OK. Let’s take a grammar point for this lesson. The focus of this lesson is how to say "to give" and "to receive" in Japanese. |
| Naomi: そうです。 Right. However in this audio portion, we'll only focus on the usage of the verb "ageru" |
| Peter: meaning "to give" OK. Can we have a sample sentence? |
| Naomi: わたしは 母に 花を あげる。 |
| Peter: I'm going to give my mother flowers. Let's break this sentence down. |
| Naomi: わたしは |
| Peter: "I" and the topic marking particle "wa" |
| Naomi: 母 |
| Peter: "Mother" |
| Naomi: に |
| Peter: Particle that indicates direction. |
| Naomi: So 母に means "to my mother" |
| Peter: This is followed by |
| Naomi: 花を |
| Peter: 花 "Flower or Flowers" and the object marking particle |
| Naomi: "を" and あげる |
| Peter: "to give" So... |
| Naomi: わたしは ははに はなを あげる |
| Peter: Which literally means, "I / to my mother / flowers / give " Of course it means "I'll give flowers to my mother." or "I'll give my mother flowers." |
| Naomi: Notice that the person who receives the item is marked by に. |
| Peter: OK. How do you say "I'm going to give a bag to my father "? |
| Naomi: To say that sentence in Japanese, the word order should be "I / to my father / a bag / to give" |
| Peter: OK. So the subject plus particle, |
| Naomi: わたしは |
| Peter: "I ", Next say the person who receives the item with the particle に |
| Naomi: 父 に |
| Peter: "To my father". Next. The item you give plus the object marking particle? |
| Naomi: バッグを |
| Peter: "a bag". Finally, add the verb "to give" |
| Naomi: あげる |
| Peter: All together? |
| Naomi: わたしは 父に バッグを あげる |
| Peter: I'll give my father a bag or I'll give a bag to my father. OK, listen and repeat. "I'm going to give my father a bag." |
| Naomi: わたしは 父に バッグを あげる |
| Peter: [pause] Say "I'm going to give my father a bag"in Japanese. |
| Naomi: [pause] わたしは 父に バッグを あげる If you use あげた instead of あげる, it becomes the past tense. You can talk about what you gave someone. ところで、ピーターさん母の日、父の日に何をあげましたか？ |
| Peter: Ah, by the way, what did I give my parents on Mother's Day and Father's Day? |
| Naomi: はい。 |
| Peter: Well... 母に花をあげました。父にお礼をあげました。 |
| Naomi: お礼？ |
| Peter: Hm. Thank you. |
| Naomi: You just said Thank you? |
| Peter: Yeah.. |
| Naomi: Oh |
| Peter: So I gave my mother flowers, and my father, Thank you. |
| Naomi: Ah. OK. So… あげませんでしたね。お父さんに。 |
| Peter: まぁ、まぁ…うん、まぁね。（笑）You could look it that way. |
| Naomi: Ah, OK. みなさんはプレゼントをあげましたか？ |
| Peter: So listeners, have you given any presents to anyone lately? If so, please let us know in the comment section. Of course, in Japanese. Also, there's a detailed write up about the verbs あげる to give, もらう to receive, and くれる to give me, so don't forget to check the lesson notes. |
| Naomi: じゃまた。 |
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