Learn how to use a Japanese verb to indicate change
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Ｎaomi: なおみです！ |
| Peter: Peter here! Did you have a Japanese makeover? In this lesson, you'll learn how to say "make something [ blank ]" as in "make something [ short ]". |
| Naomi: Right. The usage of ～する. |
| Peter: Three people are involved in the conversation. |
| Naomi: そうです。３人の会話ですね。 |
| エリカさん、新さん、それから部長さん。 |
| Peter: Erika, Shin and the manager. |
| Naomi: ３人は会社にいます。 |
| Peter: They're in the office. Now, Erika is using formal Japanese. The manager is using informal Japanese. Shin uses informal Japanese to Erika, but he uses formal Japanese when speaking to the manager. |
| Naomi: はい。そうです。では、聞きましょう。 |
| Peter: Let's listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| 左 絵理花: 下山先輩、おはようございます。 |
| : あ、髪形（を）変えました？ |
| 下山 新: 暑いから、短くしたんだ。 |
| 左 絵理花: 似合っていますよ。 |
| : 体調は よくなったんですか。 |
| 下山 新: ああ、おかげさまで よくなったよ。 |
| 部長: おーい、下山。 |
| 下山 新: あ、おはようございます、部長。 |
| 部長: 色々なことがあって、出張は中止になった。ごめんな。 |
| : でも、君を 今度のプロジェクトの責任者に するから、頑張れよ。 |
| 下山 新: は？僕ですか？ |
| 左 絵理花: すごい。先輩。プロジェクトリーダーに なるんですか。 |
| : これから もっと 忙しくなりますね。 |
| Naomi: もう一度、お願いします。今度は、ゆっくり、お願いします。 |
| 左 絵理花: 下山先輩、おはようございます。 |
| : あ、髪形を変えました？ |
| 下山 新: 暑いから、短くしたんだ。 |
| 左 絵理花: 似合っていますよ。 |
| : 体調は よくなったんですか。 |
| 下山 新: ああ、おかげさまで よくなったよ。 |
| 部長: おーい、下山。 |
| 下山 新: あ、おはようございます、部長。 |
| 部長: 色々なことがあって、出張は中止になった。ごめんな。 |
| : でも、君を 今度のプロジェクトの責任者に するから、頑張れよ。 |
| 下山 新: は？僕ですか？ |
| 左 絵理花: すごい。先輩。プロジェクトリーダーに なるんですか。 |
| : これから もっと 忙しくなりますね。 |
| Naomi: 今度は、英語が入ります。 |
| 左 絵理花: 下山先輩、おはようございます。 |
| Lady: Good morning, Shimoyama-senpai! |
| : あ、髪形（を）変えました？ |
| Lady: Oh, did you change your hairstyle? |
| 下山 新: 暑いから、短くしたんだ。 |
| Lady: It's hot, so I had it cut short. |
| 左 絵理花: 似合っていますよ。 |
| Lady: It looks great on you! |
| : 体調は よくなったんですか。 |
| Lady: Are you feeling all better? |
| 下山 新: ああ、おかげさまで よくなったよ。 |
| Lady: Oh, thanks for asking. I'm a lot better now. |
| 部長: おーい、下山。 |
| Lady: Hey, Shimoyama! |
| 下山 新: あ、おはようございます、部長。 |
| Lady: Oh, good morning, manager. |
| 部長: 色々なことがあって、出張は中止になった。ごめんな。 |
| Lady: We've had a lot going on, and so the business trip has been canceled. Sorry about that. |
| : でも、君を 今度のプロジェクトの責任者に するから、頑張れよ。 |
| Lady: But I'm going to make you in charge of our next project coming up, so do your best. |
| 下山 新: は？僕ですか？ |
| Lady: : What? Me? |
| 左 絵理花: すごい。先輩。プロジェクトリーダーに なるんですか。 |
| Lady: Wow! You're going to be the project leader! |
| : これから もっと 忙しくなりますね。 |
| Lady: You're going to get even busier! |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Peter: しんは かみを きりましたね。 |
| Naomi: うん。 |
| Peter: So Shin cut his hair. |
| Naomi: そうですね。髪の毛を切ったみたいですね。It seems like he got a haircut. |
| Peter: Now, Naomi sensei, you said かみのけ. Isn't that a bit redundant? Because both かみ and け mean "hair". |
| Naomi: （笑）うるさいな。But good point! But we use 髪の毛 and 髪 for hair on the head, and I'd say they're pretty much interchangeable. |
| Peter: How about 毛？You can't say 毛をきりました? |
| Naomi: Nope. 毛 is hair in general. |
| Peter: Including body hair. |
| Naomi: そうそう。Right. It also includes animal hair. For example ネコの毛 (cat's hair) 犬の毛（dog's hair) |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Peter: Let's take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. |
| The first word is: |
| Naomi: 似合う [natural native speed] |
| Peter: to suit, to match |
| Naomi: 似合う [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Naomi: 似合う [natural native speed] |
| Next: |
| Naomi: 中止 [natural native speed] |
| Peter: suspension, cancellation, halt |
| Naomi: 中止 [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Naomi: 中止 [natural native speed] |
| Next: |
| Naomi: 今度 [natural native speed] |
| Peter: next time, this time |
| Naomi: 今度 [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Naomi: 今度 [natural native speed] |
| Next: |
| Naomi: 責任者 [natural native speed] |
| Peter: person in charge, responsible person |
| Naomi: 責任者 [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Naomi: 責任者 [natural native speed] |
| Next: |
| Naomi: 頑張る [natural native speed] |
| Peter: to try one's best, to hang in there |
| Naomi: 頑張る [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Naomi: 頑張る [natural native speed] |
| VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE |
| Peter: Let's have a closer look at the usage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson. |
| Peter: The first one we'll look at is... |
| Naomi: 頑張れ |
| Peter: "Do your best!" "Try hard!" "Good luck!" |
| Naomi: 頑張れ is the imperative form of a verb 頑張る. |
| Peter: Ganbaru is a very common verb that means to "do one's best" or " to work very hard." |
| Now, Naomi-sensei, 頑張って also means "good luck" or "Do your best" right? |
| Naomi: そうですね。でも、「頑張れ！」の方が強いです。 |
| Peter: So 頑張れ has a stronger connotation. |
| Naomi: Right, because this is the imperative form. Imperative basically means "command" right? |
| Peter: Right.It's often used when cheering at sports events, isn't it? |
| Naomi: あ、そうですね。 あと、男の人がよく使います。I think 頑張れ is more often used by men. Women tend to say 頑張って。 |
| Peter: Next, we have... |
| Naomi: 責任者 |
| Peter: "person in charge " This word is made up of two parts, right? |
| Naomi: はい。責任 (Peter- responsibility) and 者 (Peter - a suffix meaning "person") |
| Peter: So altogether, "responsibility, person", which or course means "person in charge" |
| Naomi: Here's a sample sentence. 責任者は誰ですか。 |
| Peter: Who's the person in charge? あんまり聞きたくないな。（笑） On to the grammar point. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Peter: In this lesson, you'll will learn how to express change using the verb "suru" to do. Now, remember, the verb suru basically means "to do" or "to make." |
| Naomi-sensei, this lesson's target grammar is... |
| Naomi: [the adverbial form of an adjective ＋ する] |
| Peter: "To make something or someone a certain state". Let's look at an example. What’s the adjective for sweet? |
| Naomi: あまい |
| Peter: How do you say "to make something sweet"? |
| Naomi: あまくする |
| Peter: あまくis the adverbial form of the i adjective あまい"sweet". It's followed by する, the verb "to make" or "to do". |
| Naomi: You get the adverbial form of an i adjective by just replacing the final い with く. |
| Peter: So あまい "sweet" becomes |
| Naomi: あまく |
| Peter: あかるい "bright" becomes |
| Naomi: あかるく |
| Peter: みじかい "short" becomes |
| Naomi: みじかく |
| Peter: So, let's say the phrase "Make something bright." Remember. "Bright" is |
| Naomi: あかるい |
| Peter: The adverbial form is? |
| Naomi: あかるく |
| Peter: To that, attach する to get |
| Naomi: あかるくする |
| Peter: To make bright. |
| Naomi: Here's a sample sentence. わたしは、部屋をあかるくした。 |
| Peter: I made my room bright, as in, I turned on the lights to make it brighter. |
| Naomi: Notice that the 部屋(room) is marked by the particle を。部屋を明るくした |
| Peter: The object changed should be marked by the particle を. |
| Peter: One more example. Let's say the phrase "Make something short." As in make something shorter in the length. "Short" is |
| Naomi: みじかい |
| Peter: The adverbial form is? |
| Naomi: みじかく |
| Peter: To that, attach する to get |
| Naomi: みじかくする |
| Peter: How do you say "I made my hair short", as in "I cut my hair?" |
| Naomi: わたしは髪をみじかくした。 |
| Peter: OK. Let's review this lesson with a quiz. |
| Naomi: はい。 |
| Peter: "I made coffee the sweet"? |
| Naomi: Coffee is コーヒー sweet is あまい So... わたしは、コーヒーをあまくした。 |
| Peter: I made the coffee sweet. OK, repeat. |
| Naomi: わたしはコーヒーをあまくした。 |
| Peter: OK. Listeners, say "I made the coffee sweet" in Japanese. |
| Naomi: わたしはコーヒーをあまくした。 |
| Peter: That's all for this lesson. Now, don’t forget to stop by JapanesePod101.com and pick up the lesson notes. There is a detailed explanation in the lesson notes about the usage of する after na adjectives and nouns, so be sure to read it. |
| Naomi: おねがいします。じゃ、また。 |
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