INTRODUCTION |
Naomi: なおみです。 |
Peter: Peter here. After this Japanese lesson, nothing will ever be the same. In this lesson, you will review the usage of "when", "before" and "after" in Japanese. |
Naomi: Right. とき、まえに and あとで を復習します。 |
Peter: This conversation takes place at |
Naomi: ツインズというカフェ |
Peter: at a cafe called TWINS. |
Naomi: そこで、彼氏と彼女が話しています。 |
Peter: The conversation is between a boyfriend and a girlfriend. |
Naomi: カジュアルな日本語を使っています。 |
Peter: You'll hear informal Japanese. |
Naomi: では、聞きましょう。 |
Peter: Let’s listen to the conversation. |
DIALOGUE |
下山 新: 見た?何を? |
遠井 歩: 近森と 映画を みた後、病院で あなたを 見たの。 |
: 夜の 八時頃 だった。 |
下山 新: 夜の 八時頃?人違いだよ。 |
: 確かに 昼間 会社を 出てから 病院に 行った。 |
: でも、家に 帰ってから、外に 出なかったよ。 |
遠井 歩: でも 私と 電話した後、病院に 行ったでしょ。 |
下山 新: 歩と 電話する前に、病院に 行ったんだ。 |
: 歩と 電話してから、すぐに 寝たよ。 |
遠井 歩: でも、映画館を 出た時、あなたを 見たのよ。 |
: 山川病院で 美雨という女の人と 会ったでしょ。 |
下山 新: は?それ・・・誰? |
Naomi: もう一度、お願いします。今度は、ゆっくり、お願いします。 |
下山 新: 見た?何を? |
遠井 歩: 近森と 映画を みた後、病院で あなたを 見たの。 |
: 夜の 八時頃 だった。 |
下山 新: 夜の 八時頃?人違いだよ。 |
: 確かに 昼間 会社を 出てから 病院に 行った。 |
: でも、家に 帰ってから、外に 出なかったよ。 |
遠井 歩: でも 私と 電話した後、病院に 行ったでしょ。 |
下山 新: 歩と 電話する前に、病院に 行ったんだ。 |
: 歩と 電話してから、すぐに 寝たよ。 |
遠井 歩: でも、映画館を 出た時、あなたを 見たのよ。 |
: 山川病院で 美雨という女の人と 会ったでしょ。 |
下山 新: は?それ・・・誰? |
Naomi: 今度は、英語が入ります。 |
下山 新: 見た?何を? |
Lady: You saw...what? |
遠井 歩: 近森と 映画を みた後、病院で あなたを 見たの。 |
Lady: After I saw the movie with Chikamori, I saw you at the hospital. |
: 夜の 八時頃 だった。 |
Lady: It was around eight o'clock at night. |
下山 新: 夜の 八時頃?人違いだよ。 |
Lady: Eight at night? That was someone else! |
: 確かに 昼間 会社を 出てから 病院に 行った。 |
Lady: It's true that after leaving the office at noon I went to the hospital. |
: でも、家に 帰ってから、外に 出なかったよ。 |
Lady: But after going back home, I didn't leave the house! |
遠井 歩: でも 私と 電話した後、病院に 行ったでしょ。 |
Lady: But after you talked with me on the phone, you went to the hospital, right? |
下山 新: 歩と 電話する前に、病院に 行ったんだ。 |
Lady: I went to the hospital BEFORE I talked to you. |
: 歩と 電話してから、すぐに 寝たよ。 |
Lady: After talking to you, I went right to sleep. |
遠井 歩: でも、映画館を 出た時、あなたを 見たのよ。 |
Lady: But when I left the movie theater, I saw you. |
: 山川病院で 美雨という女の人と 会ったでしょ。 |
Lady: You met up with a woman named Miu at Yamakawa Hospital, didn't you? |
下山 新: は?それ・・・誰? |
Lady: What? Who is THAT? |
POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
Naomi: ああ~大変ですね。It looks like someone is in big trouble.But 歩が見た人は新じゃないです。ハルヤです。 |
Peter: The person Ayumu saw was not her boyfriend Shin, but Haruya. 誤解ですね。 |
Naomi: Ah...そうね。 Misunderstanding. That's kind of an advanced word for beginners, don't you think? |
Peter: It is. But I think it's easy to remember. And if you say it, I think you have an incredible impression of a listener. |
Naomi: そうね。 |
Peter: And also, I think we got a little mnemonic, little trick to memorizing it. Naomi-sensei. |
Naomi: はい。 |
Peter: To say the fifth floor. You say? |
Naomi: Ah, 五階。They have the same pronunciation and pitch accent. That's a really good way to remember this word 誤解 misunderstanding. |
Peter: Now, I think in Europe the fourth floor actually corresponds to what a Japanese call the fifth floor. |
Naomi: あ、そうですね。 |
Peter: So I think it's an easy way to remember this mnemonic, is the fifth floor in Japan is easy to be mistaken for the fourth floor in Europe. |
Naomi: Hmm. |
Peter: 五階 Fifth floor, and 誤解 mistake. That might work. Now, Naomi-sensei. This phrase 誤解 mistake, you hear it in phrases like それは誤解です。That’s misunderstanding. Or, this is also kind of one 誤解しないでください!Don't misunderstand me.These are two phrases that’s used quite a bit, right? |
Naomi: It sounds like you're easily misunderstood by people. (笑) But you're right! You'll hear this word 誤解 in Japanese dramas, anime and so on. |
VOCAB LIST |
Peter: Let's take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. |
The first word is: |
Naomi: 映画 [natural native speed] |
Peter: movie, film |
Naomi: 映画 [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
Naomi: 映画 [natural native speed] |
Next: |
Naomi: 確かに [natural native speed] |
Peter: surely, certainly |
Naomi: 確かに [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
Naomi: 確かに [natural native speed] |
Next: |
Naomi: 人違い [natural native speed] |
Peter: mistaking one person for another, mistaken identity |
Naomi: 人違い [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
Naomi: 人違い [natural native speed] |
Next: |
Naomi: 昼間 [natural native speed] |
Peter: during the day, daytime |
Naomi: 昼間 [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
Naomi: 昼間 [natural native speed] |
Next: |
Naomi: すぐに [natural native speed] |
Peter: immediately |
Naomi: すぐに [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
Naomi: すぐに [natural native speed] |
VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE |
Peter: Let's have a closer look at the usage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first word is? |
Naomi: 確か |
Peter: "sure", "certain" |
Naomi: な 形容詞 です |
Peter: It's a na-adjective. However when ni follows it, it becomes an adverb |
Naomi: Right. 確かに means "surely", "for sure", "indeed", or "without question." |
Peter: Can we hear an example? |
Naomi: 確かに 私は ドアを閉めました。 |
Peter: I certainly closed the door. Naomi-sensei. |
Naomi: はい。 |
Peter: Tashika ni is often used as あいづち, which are filler words or response words, right? |
Naomi: そうね。確かに! Just like that.(笑) |
Peter: It means "Indeed" or "that's for sure" or "True" |
Naomi: Right. |
Peter: OK. What's next? |
Naomi: I'd like to introduce the sentence ending expression でしょ?with rising intonation. |
Peter: Yes! I’ve been waiting for this lesson. でしょ?or だろ? with rising intonation is often used to confirm something. |
Naomi: It's similar to an English tag question, such as "Isn't it?" "don't you?" |
Peter: Or “right?” |
Naomi: うん、そうね。 |
Peter: Sample sentence please. |
Naomi: 映画は8時からでしょう? |
Peter: The movie starts at 8, right? |
Naomi: In casual conversation, we tend to shorten the last vowel. Like でしょ?instead of でしょう? |
So...映画は8時からでしょ? |
Peter: The movie starts at 8, right?I think women tend to use でしょ the shorten version, and men tend to use だろ?in informal speech. |
Naomi: あ、そうね。 I think you're right. |
Peter: And I also want to point out that you can use でしょ? and だろ? by themselves. |
Naomi: Ah...Like "I know” or “right?" |
Peter: For example, なおみ先生は素敵ですね。Naomi, you look very pretty. |
Naomi: Ahah, でしょ?(笑) Right. I know. |
Peter: That was the very modest one. See, you didn’t execute the confidence. Let’s try the other way. I can show you. |
Naomi: Ok. ピーター,かっこいいね。Peter, you’re so good looking. |
Peter: だろ? |
Naomi: (笑) むかつく。 |
Peter: So the way I said it was a lot more confident. I know! Tell me something I don’t know. Let’s try one more time with Naomi-sensei. なおみ先生は素敵ですね。 |
Naomi: でしょ? |
Peter: Yeah, so I know! But this can be a very nice joke. |
Naomi: Right. |
Peter: When you say it in a right context among friends. |
Naomi: そうですね。 |
Peter: So if someone tells you something like that you already know, or very obvious, you can use the shortened versions to convey the fact that I know, and I think it’s a good surprise of a couple of people. |
Lesson focus
|
Peter: In this lesson, you'll review how to say "when", "before", and "after" in Japanese. |
Naomi: Right. とき means "when...", まえ means "Before...", and あと means "After..." |
Peter: Let's start with まえに, meaning "before". |
The verb that comes before 前に, meaning "before", has to be in the informal non-past or the dictionary form. |
Naomi: Right. 出る前に。 |
Peter: Before leaving. OK. We are going to give you a sentence. Repeat after Naomi-sensei. "Before you leave the office, please call me." |
Naomi: 会社を出る前に、電話をしてください。 |
Peter: [pause] |
Naomi: Ok. Next let's review あと meaning "after" |
Peter: Please remember that the verb that comes before あと "after" has to be in the informal past |
Naomi: Right. 出た後 |
Peter: After leaving. We are going to give you a sentence. Repeat after Naomi-sensei, "After you leave the office, please call me". |
Naomi: 会社を出た後、電話をしてください。 |
Peter: [pause] |
Naomi: Lastly, let's review the usage of とき meaning "when" |
Peter: とき"when", can follow both non-past and past verbs, right? |
Naomi: But please remember that the verb has to be in informal form. |
Peter: Can we hear a sentence from the dialogue? |
Naomi: Sure. 映画館を 出た時、あなたを 見た。 |
Peter: "When I left the movie theater, I saw you." |
Naomi: Right. It's like "...Right after I left the movie theater, I saw you." |
Peter: We are going to give you a sentence. Repeat after Naomi-sensei. "When I left the movie theater, I saw you." |
Naomi: 映画館を出たとき、あなたを見た。 |
Peter: [pause] |
Now the usage of verb plus toki “when” is rather complicated, read the lesson notes for more information. |
Naomi: それじゃあ、また。 |
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