Dialogue

Vocabulary (Review)

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Lesson Notes

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Lesson Transcript

INTRODUCTION
Naomi: 直美です。 (Naomidesu.)
Peter: Peter here. It’s Time for a Change. In this lesson, you learn how to talk about the changing of states. For example
Naomi: 最近暖かくなりましたね。 (Saikin atatakaku narimashita ne.)
Peter: It’s been getting warm recently. This conversation takes place at
Naomi: 会社のビルの出入り口 (Kaisha no biru no deiriguchi)
Peter: The entrance of an office building. The conversation is between
Naomi: 左絵理花と下山新 (Hidari Erika to Nizayamashin)
Peter: Erica, Hidari and her prince, Shin Shimoyama.
Naomi: Prince?
Peter: Erica is using formal Japanese and Shin Shimoyama is using
Naomi: Informal Japanese.
DIALOGUE
(雨&雷) ((Ame&kaminari))
下山 新 (Shimoyama Shin): お疲れ様でした。 (O-tsukare sama deshita.)
左 絵理花 (Hidari Erika): どうしよう・・・。 (Dō shiyō....) 雨が強く降っているし・・・ (ame ga tsuyoku futte iru shi...)、雷も鳴っているし・・・ (kaminari mo natte iru shi...)
下山 新 (Shimoyama Shin): おお、左さん、どうした? (Ō, Hidari-san, dōshita?) 傘を持っていない?じゃあ、駅まで一緒に行こう。 (Kasa wo motte inai? Jā, eki made issho ni ikō.)
左 絵理花 (Hidari Erika): いいですか。ありがとうございます。 ( Ii desu ka. Arigatō gozaimasu.)
(心の中の声; 作戦成功!) ((Kokoro no naka no koe; sakusen seikō!))
左 絵理花 (Hidari Erika): 最近あたたかくなりましたね。 (Saikin atatakaku narimashita ne.)
下山 新 (Shimoyama Shin): そうだね。あれ?左さん、髪の毛長くなった? (Sō da ne. Are? Hidari-san, kaminoke nagaku natta?)
左 絵理花 (Hidari Erika): これは、エクステです。かわいくなりましたか? (Kore wa, ekusute desu. Kawaiku narimashita ka?)
下山 新 (Shimoyama Shin): うーん。若くなった。 (Ūn. Wakaku natta.)
左 絵理花 (Hidari Erika): もう!絵理花はもともと若いです。 (Mō! Erika wa motomoto wakai desu.)
もう一度、お願いします。今度は、ゆっくりお願いします。 (Mōichido, onegaishimasu. Kondo wa, yukkuri onegaishimasu.)
下山 新 (Shimoyama Shin): お疲れ様でした。 (O-tsukare sama deshita.)
左 絵理花 (Hidari Erika): どうしよう・・・。 (Dō shiyō....) 雨が強く降っているし・・・ (ame ga tsuyoku futte iru shi...)、雷も鳴っているし・・・ (kaminari mo natte iru shi...)
下山 新 (Shimoyama Shin): おお、左さん、どうした? (Ō, Hidari-san, dōshita?) 傘を持っていない?じゃあ、駅まで一緒に行こう。 (Kasa wo motte inai? Jā, eki made issho ni ikō.)
左 絵理花 (Hidari Erika): いいですか。ありがとうございます。 ( Ii desu ka. Arigatō gozaimasu.)
(心の中の声; 作戦成功!) ((Kokoro no naka no koe; sakusen seikō!))
左 絵理花 (Hidari Erika): 最近あたたかくなりましたね。 (Saikin atatakaku narimashita ne.)
下山 新 (Shimoyama Shin): そうだね。あれ?左さん、髪の毛長くなった? (Sō da ne. Are? Hidari-san, kaminoke nagaku natta?)
左 絵理花 (Hidari Erika): これは、エクステです。かわいくなりましたか? (Kore wa, ekusute desu. Kawaiku narimashita ka?)
下山 新 (Shimoyama Shin): うーん。若くなった。 (Ūn. Wakaku natta.)
左 絵理花 (Hidari Erika): もう!絵理花はもともと若いです。 (Mō! Erika wa motomoto wakai desu.)
今度は、英語が入ります。 (Kondo wa, eigo ga hairimasu.)
(雨&雷) ((Ame&kaminari))
(Rain &Lightning)
下山 新 (Shimoyama Shin): お疲れ様でした。 (O-tsukare sama deshita.)
SHIN SHIMOYAMA :I'm off.
左 絵理花 (Hidari Erika): どうしよう・・・。 (Dō shiyō....)
ERIKA HIDARI : Oh what should I do...
雨が強く降っているし・・・ (ame ga tsuyoku futte iru shi...)、雷も鳴っているし・・・ (kaminari mo natte iru shi...)
It’s raining hard... and the thunder is rolling...
下山 新 (Shimoyama Shin): おお、左さん、どうした? (Ō, Hidari-san, dōshita?)
SHIN SHIMOYAMA : Oh, Ms. Hidari what’s the matter?
傘を持っていない?じゃあ、駅まで一緒に行こう。 (Kasa wo motte inai? Jā, eki made issho ni ikō.)
You don’t have an umbrella? Let’s go to the station together.
左 絵理花 (Hidari Erika): いいですか。ありがとうございます。 ( Ii desu ka. Arigatō gozaimasu.)
ERIKA HIDARI : Are you sure? Thank you!
(心の中の声; 作戦成功!) ((Kokoro no naka no koe; sakusen seikō!))
(inner voice; the mission is a go)
左 絵理花 (Hidari Erika): 最近あたたかくなりましたね。 (Saikin atatakaku narimashita ne.)
ERIKA HIDARI : It’s been getting warmer lately, hasn’t it?
下山 新 (Shimoyama Shin): そうだね。 (Sō da ne.)
SHIN SHIMOYAMA : It sure has.
あれ?左さん、髪の毛長くなった? (Are? Hidari-san, kaminoke nagaku natta?)
Hey Ms. Hidari, did your hair get longer?
左 絵理花 (Hidari Erika): これは、エクステです。 (Kore wa, ekusute desu.)
ERIKA HIDARI : Oh, these are extensions.
かわいくなりましたか? (Kawaiku narimashita ka?)
Do you think they make me look cute?
下山 新 (Shimoyama Shin): うーん。若くなった。 (Ūn. Wakaku natta.)
SHIN SHIMOYAMA : Oh sure, they make you look younger.
左 絵理花 (Hidari Erika): もう!絵理花はもともと若いです。 (Mō! Erika wa motomoto wakai desu.)
ERIKA HIDARI : Oh! Erika is already quite young thank you.
POST CONVERSATION BANTER
Naomi: なかなかすごい女の子ですよね。絵理花さん。作戦成功。 (Nakanaka sugoi on'nanokodesu yo ne. Erika-san. Sakusen seikō.) The mission is a go.
Peter: So yeah she is a pretty amazing girl, this Erica.
Naomi: ねぇ。でも、ピーターさんこういう好きでしょ? (Ne~e. Demo, pītā-san kōiu sukidesho?)
Peter: そうですね。 (Sōdesu ne.)
Naomi: Yeah you kind of like this kind of person.
Peter: タイプですね。 (Taipudesu ne.)
Naomi: あ、タイプなんだ。 (A, taipuna nda.)
Peter: So my type of girl.
Naomi: あ、そうですか。 (A,-sōdesu ka.)
Peter: But some things are little strange about this conversation ちょっとありえないことありますね。 (Chotto arienai koto arimasu ne.)
Naomi: え、なんで? (E,nande?)
Peter: あの、傘がない。 (Ano, kasaganai.)
Naomi: 傘がない。どうして? (Kasaganai. Dōshite?)
Peter: So a Japanese person without an Umbrella?
Naomi: え、それどういう意味でしょうね。 (E, sore dōiu imideshou ne.)
Peter: No just playing with you Naomi Sensei but many people in Japan have umbrellas like almost everybody carries an umbrella with them.
Naomi: ああ、そうそうそう。あのね、もし手に持ってなくてもバックの中に折りたたみ傘 (Ā, sō sō sō. Ano ne, moshi te ni mottenakute mo bakku no naka ni oritatamigasa) fold up umbrella ですかね。折りたたみ傘を持っています。 (Desu ka ne. Oritatamigasa o motte imasu.)
Peter: So most of the time, even if you can’t see an umbrella, if someone is not carrying an umbrella, usually there is one in the bag.
Naomi: そう。バックの中にありますね。大体。 (Sō. Bakku no naka ni arimasu ne. Daitai.)
Peter: And there is one phrase that I like to go over.
Naomi: 何? (Nani?)
Peter: もう!もう! (Mō! Mō!)
Naomi: そうね。女の子、よく言いますね。 (Sō ne. On'nanoko, yoku iimasu ne.) Girls often use this もう… (Mō…)
Peter: And you couldn’t see it here in the studio but there is a phrase that goes along with it. It’s the Fugu Face.
Naomi: So Balloonfish, Pufferfish face.
Peter: So the person will fill their cheeks with air to kind of look like yeah the angry blowfish and that’s a sign that you are in trouble.
Naomi: Not very serious trouble but kind of light trouble.
Peter: Yes.
Naomi: でもちょっと (Demo chotto) feminine ですね、これは。だからピーターさんは使えないですね。 (Desu ne, koreha. Dakara pītā-san wa tsukaenaidesu ne.) I don’t recommend that you should use もう (Mō)! very often.
Peter: Or puff your face.
Naomi: そうそうそうそう。 (Sō sō sō sō.) Too cute 可愛すぎます。 (Kawai sugimasu.)
Peter: Too cute. Let’s take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson.
VOCAB LIST
Peter: First word
Naomi: 雷 (kaminari)
Peter: Thunder, lightning.
Naomi: (slow)かみなり (Kaminari) (natural speed) 雷 (kaminari)
Peter: Next.
Naomi: 鳴る (naru)
Peter: To sound, to ring.
Naomi: (slow)なる (Naru) (natural speed) 鳴る (naru)
Peter: Next
Naomi: 降る (furu)
Peter: To precipitate, to fall.
Naomi: (slow)ふる (Furu) (natural speed) 降る (furu)
Peter: Next.
Naomi: 成る (Naru)
Peter: To become.
Naomi: (slow)なる (Naru) (natural speed) 成る (Naru)
Peter: Next.
Naomi: 強く (tsuyoku)
Peter: Strongly.
Naomi: (slow)つよく (Tsuyoku) (natural speed) 強く (tsuyoku)
VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE
Peter: Now let’s have a closer look at the usage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson. Naomi sensei, what’s the first phrase we will look at?
Naomi: 髪の毛 (Kaminoke)
Peter: Hair and hair on the head.
Naomi: そうですね。 (Sōdesu ne.) 髪 (Kami) means
Peter: Hair on head, hair on the head.
Naomi: 毛 (Ke)means
Peter: Hair in general.
Naomi: So なので (Nanode) hair, hair っていうことなんですよね。 (Tte iu kotona ndesu yo ne.)
Peter: Yeah it’s kind of redundant right?
Naomi: Right.
Peter: 髪 (Kami) itself means hair on the head. 興味深いですね。 (Kyōmibukaidesu ne.) interesting.
Naomi: そうですね。 (Sōdesu ne.) So if you check the definition of 髪 (Kami) in the dictionary, it says 髪の毛 (Kaminoke). So 同じ意味ですね。 (Onaji imidesu ne.)
Peter: It’s funny. When I hear the word 毛 (Ke) I think of 毛深い (Kebukai) hairy.
Naomi: ああ。 (Ā.)
Peter: And that’s just because many times in Japan, I have kind of heard that like see Naomi sensei.
Naomi: ああ。男の人はね。毛深いですよね。 (Ā. Otoko no hito wa ne. Kebukaidesu yo ne.) compared with woman.
Peter: Yeah and foreign guys are usually more 毛深い (Kebukai) like a bit hairier.
Naomi: ああ、そうかなぁ。ああ、でもそうかもしれないですね。大丈夫?この話題は。 (Ā, sō ka nā. Ā, demo sō kamo shirenaidesu ne. Daijōbu? Kono wadai wa.)
Peter: Well I think western foreign guys will hear this. So Naomi sensei thinks it’s a bit of a sensitive topic but a good word.
Naomi: そう。そうそうそう。知ってたほうがいいかもね。 (Sō. Sō sō sō. Shitteta hō ga ī kamo ne.)
Peter: Okay what’s the next word?
Naomi: 雷 (Kaminari)
Peter: Thunder.
Naomi: There is a famous gate called 雷門 (Kaminarimon) in Asakusa.
Peter: So thunder gate or gate of thunder.
Naomi: で、雷が鳴る (De, kaminariganaru)
Peter: Means the thunder rolls.
Naomi: そうですね。 (Sōdesu ne.) It’s a little complicated grammar behind it but I think the best way to memorize as a set phrase 雷が鳴る。(Kaminariganaru.)
Peter: Now it’s kind of interesting. In Japanese, 雷 (Kaminari) means thunder but it’s kind of – I guess it’s used so often together. Lightning is kind of associated with it. So sometimes the Japanese person will see the lightning which is actually
Naomi: 稲妻 (Inazuma) but we call it 雷 (Kaminari)
Peter: Yeah even though it’s kind of like in English we saw the lightning bolt strike and said, thunder. You are kind of right because a couple of seconds later, the thunder comes
Naomi: どーん。 (Do ̄n.)
Peter: But actually the word for lightning in Japanese is
Naomi: 稲妻 (Inazuma)
Peter: But I rarely, rarely hear this.
Naomi: うんうん、使わないですね。大体雷って言いますね。 (Un un, tsukawanaidesu ne. Daitai kaminari tte iimasu ne.)
Peter: So in beginner series, season 4, lesson 36, you learn some weather related expressions such as
Naomi: 雨が降る (Amegafuru)
Peter: It will rain or it rains.
Naomi: 雪が降る (Yukigafuru)
Peter: It will snow or it snows. Please add
Naomi: 雷が鳴る (Kaminariganaru)
Peter: To the list.
Naomi: And also be mindful of the pitch accent 鳴る (Naru) is to sound or to ring. 成る (Naru) is to become.
Peter: So to sound or to ring goes up.
Naomi: Right.
Peter: 鳴る (Naru) And to become goes down 成る (Naru)
Naomi: Right. So actually 成る (Naru) the second one is today’s grammar point.
Peter: So let’s move on to the grammar point for this lesson.

Lesson focus

Peter: The focus of this lesson is expressing change using the verb 成る (Naru). Now 成る (Naru) is an auxiliary verb that when tacked on added to a noun or adjective means the subject becomes something, someone or some state. Now this is best illustrated by an example. Naomi Sensei, can you read a sentence from the dialogue?
Naomi: 若くなった。 (Wakaku natta.)
Peter: To become young, became young. Can you put the subject in and say the sentence again?
Naomi: あなたは若くなった。 (Anata wa wakaku natta.)
Peter: You became young.
Naomi: あなたは (Anata wa)
Peter: You plus the topic marking particle.
Naomi: 若く (Wakaku)
Peter: Now this is the adverbial form of the adjective 若い, (Wakai,) young. 若い (Wakai) becomes
Naomi: 若く (Wakai)
Peter: Then we tack on.
Naomi: なった (Natta)
Peter: Which is the plain past form of the verb
Naomi: 成る (Naru)
Peter: So 成る (Naru) becomes なった (Natta). So literally we have you, young, became. You became young. Of course we translate this as You became younger.
Naomi: 若くなる (Wakaku naru) means to become young or younger.
Peter: Let’s take a closer look at how to use the verb 成る (Naru) to become. Now when tacking on, when appending 成る (Naru) to い (I) adjectives, attach 成る (Naru) to the adverbial form of the い (I) adjective. Basically when you have an い (I) adjective, the final い (I) becomes
Naomi: く (Ku)
Peter: And then you tack on, you append.
Naomi: 成る (Naru)
Peter: So 若い (Wakai) young becomes
Naomi: 若く (Wakaku)
Peter: Then we add on and we tack on
Naomi: なる (Naru)
Peter: To get
Naomi: 若くなる (Wakaku naru)
Peter: So it’s kind of the い (I) adjective is quite easy. You just drop the final い (I), replace it with く (Ku) and attach
Naomi: なる (Naru)
Peter: Let’s try one. How do you say busy Naomi Sensei?
Naomi: 忙しい (Isogashī)
Peter: Now drop the final い (I)
Naomi: 忙し (Isogashi)
Peter: We replace the final い (I) with
Naomi: く (Ku)
Peter: So we get
Naomi: 忙しく (Isogashiku)
Peter: Tack on
Naomi: なる (Naru)
Peter: And the expression becomes
Naomi: 忙しくなる (Isogashiku naru)
Peter: To become busy.
Naomi: 最近私は忙しくなった。(Saikin watashi wa isogashiku natta)
Peter: Recently I became busy or busier. Let’s try one more example. How do you say strong?
Naomi: 強い (Tsuyoi)
Peter: The corresponding adverbial form is basically, what is the く (Ku) form?
Naomi: 強く (Tsuyoku)
Peter: Tack on なる (Naru) and we get
Naomi: 強くなる (Tsuyokunaru)
Peter: To become strong.
Naomi: 最近、あのボクサーは強くなった。 (Saikin, ano bokusā wa tsuyoku natta.)
Peter: Recently, that boxer became strong and again this is kind of metaphor. He didn’t physically get stronger but he has become a stronger opponent.
Naomi: そうですね。 (Sōdesu ne.)
Peter: And finally one more い (I) adjective we want to cover. Now Naomi Sensei, as we learned in the Beginner series, Season 4, lesson 5, the adverbial form or the く (Ku) form of the word good which in Japanese is いい (Ī)is
Naomi: よく (Yoku)
Peter: よく (Yoku) not いく (Iku)
Naomi: そうですね。 (Sōdesu ne.)
Peter: よい、よく (Yoi, yoku). So if we want to say it became good or to become good.
Naomi: よくなる (Yoku naru) and the past form is よくなった (Yoku natta)

Outro

Peter: Now there is a detailed explanation inside the lesson notes for this lesson that you can get at japanesepod101.com
Naomi: I hope your Japanese will よくなる (Yoku naru)
Peter: Become good. That’s going to do it.
Naomi: じゃあ、また。 (Jā, mata.)

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