Dialogue

Vocabulary (Review)

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Lesson Transcript

INTRODUCTION
Sachiko: Beginner lesson #163. Problem on the Pitch.
Natsuko: ナツコです。 (Natsuko desu.)
Sachiko: Sachiko here. So Natsuko-san, do you know anything about soccer?
Natsuko: I often watch, you know, the Japanese national team’s game.
Sachiko: Oh the national team representing Japan?
Natsuko: Yes.
Sachiko: Awesome. Are you a fan of anybody in particular?
Natsuko: Shunsuke Nakamura.
Sachiko: Oh…
Natsuko: He is real…
Sachiko: He is popular.
Natsuko: Yes, he is a really famous guy.
Sachiko: Definitely. Well I have to admit I don’t know anything about soccer and until I got the script, I didn’t even know what a pitch was.
Natsuko: Oh really?
Sachiko: I don’t think I know now. What is a pitch?
Natsuko: It’s this playing ground.
Sachiko: I have never heard of that word before honestly. So today’s conversation is about two team members and a manager on a soccer team.
Natsuko: Yes. And it seems some kind of trouble is coming up.
Sachiko: Yes, it is. Let’s take a look.
DIALOGUE
(サッカーの試合 ハーフタイム控え室)(Sakkā no shiai hāfu taimu hikaeshitsu)
島田 (Shimada) : 山田!さっきのプレー、なんで右サイドに蹴って、右に動かなかったのよ!(Yamada! Sakki no purē, nande migi saido ni kette, migi ni ugokanakatta no yo!)
山田 (Yamada) : えーっ!あそこは左に球を出して、左サイドから攻撃するのが得策でしょう!(Ē! Asoko wa hidari ni tama o dashite, hidari saido kara kōgeki suru no ga tokusaku deshō!)
監督 (kantoku) : おいおい。二人とも大声だして、どうしたんだ。もっと落ち着いて、話し合いなさい。(Oi oi. Futari-tomo ōgoe dashite, dō shita n da. Motto ochitsuite, hanashiainasai.)
山田 (Yamada) : 左から崩すっていう監督の戦術通りにしたのに、島田が文句言うんです!監督、島田を叱ってください!(Hidari kara kuzusu tte iu kantoku no senjutsu dōri ni shita no ni, Shimada ga monku iu n desu! Kantoku, Shimada o shikatte kudasai!)
島田 (Shimada) : 山田の奴が状況も考えずに、ずっと左にしかパスをださないのが問題なんです。あいつのせいで何度チャンスを潰したことか!(Yamada no yatsu ga jōkyō mo kangaezu ni, zutto hidari ni shika pasu o dasanai no ga mondai nan desu. Aitsu no sei de nan-do
chansu o tsubushita koto ka!)
Take: もう一度お願いします。ゆっくりお願いします。(Mō ichi-do onegai shimasu. Yukkuri onegai shimasu.)
島田 (Shimada) : 山田!さっきのプレー、なんで右サイドに蹴って、右に動かなかったのよ!(Yamada! Sakki no purē, nande migi saido ni kette, migi ni ugokanakatta no yo!)
山田 (Yamada) : えーっ!あそこは左に球を出して、左サイドから攻撃するのが得策でしょう!(Ē! Asoko wa hidari ni tama o dashite, hidari saido kara kōgeki suru no ga tokusaku deshō!)
監督 (kantoku) : おいおい。二人とも大声だして、どうしたんだ。もっと落ち着いて、話し合いなさい。(Oi oi. Futari-tomo ōgoe dashite, dō shita n da. Motto ochitsuite, hanashiainasai.)
山田 (Yamada) : 左から崩すっていう監督の戦術通りにしたのに、島田が文句言うんです!監督、島田を叱ってください!(Hidari kara kuzusu tte iu kantoku no senjutsu dōri ni shita no ni, Shimada ga monku iu n desu! Kantoku, Shimada o shikatte kudasai!)
島田 (Shimada) : 山田の奴が状況も考えずに、ずっと左にしかパスをださないのが問題なんです。あいつのせいで何度チャンスを潰したことか!(Yamada no yatsu ga jōkyō mo kangaezu ni, zutto hidari ni shika pasu o dasanai no ga mondai nan desu. Aitsu no sei de nan-do
chansu o tsubushita koto ka!)
Take: 次は、英語が入ります。(Tsugi wa, Eigo ga hairimasu.)
(サッカーの試合 ハーフタイム控え室)(Sakkā no shiai hāfu taimu hikaeshitsu)
(Soccer pitch, half-time break)
島田 (Shimada) : 山田!さっきのプレー、なんで右サイドに蹴って、右に動かなかったのよ!(Yamada! Sakki no purē, nande migi saido ni kette, migi ni ugokanakatta no yo!)
SHIMADA: In that last play, why (on earth) didn't you kick to the right side and move to the right?
山田 (Yamada) : えーっ!あそこは左に球を出して、左サイドから攻撃するのが得策でしょう!(Ē! Asoko wa hidari ni tama o dashite, hidari saido kara kōgeki suru no ga tokusaku deshō!)
YAMADA: What! The best tactic was to kick to the left to make an attack from the left side!
監督 (kantoku) : おいおい。二人とも大声だして、どうしたんだ。もっと落ち着いて、話し合いなさい。(Oi oi. Futari-tomo ōgoe dashite, dō shita n da. Motto ochitsuite, hanashiainasai.)
MANAGER: Hey! You guys are shouting, what's up? Calm down, and talk each other.
山田 (Yamada) : 左から崩すっていう監督の戦術通りにしたのに、島田が文句言うんです!監督、島田を叱ってください!(Hidari kara kuzusu tte iu kantoku no senjutsu dōri ni shita no ni, Shimada ga monku iu n desu! Kantoku, Shimada o shikatte kudasai!)
YAMADA: I did it like you planned to attack from the left, but Shimada complained about me! Coach, yell at him!
島田 (Shimada) : 山田の奴が状況も考えずに、ずっと左にしかパスをださないのが問題なんです。あいつのせいで何度チャンスを潰したことか!(Yamada no yatsu ga jōkyō mo kangaezu ni, zutto hidari ni shika pasu o dasanai no ga mondai nan desu. Aitsu no sei de nan-do
chansu o tsubushita koto ka!)
SHIMADA: The problem is Yamada always passes to the left in any situation without thinking. How many chances have we missed because of him!
POST CONVERSATION BANTER
Sachiko: Natsuko-san, what did you think of the conversation?
Natsuko: Maybe this is kind of typical.
Sachiko: Yeah.
Natsuko: Conversation.
Sachiko: It seems…
Natsuko: During the halftime.
Sachiko: I think so.
Natsuko: I never played soccer. So I just imagine but I guess a lot of these happen.
Sachiko: Yeah, especially with soccer, it just seems so fast paced that the team members can’t read each other’s minds that quickly.
Natsuko: Yes.
Sachiko: You know, and things are changing all the time.
Natsuko: Right.
Sachiko: Okay, let’s look at the vocabulary for today. ナツコさん、お願いします。(Natsuko-san, onegai shimasu.)
VOCAB LIST
Natsuko: 控え室 (hikaeshitsu)
Sachiko: Waiting room.
Natsuko: (slow) ひかえしつ (hikaeshitsu) (natural speed) 控え室 (hikaeshitsu)
Sachiko: Now that sounds like it’s made up of two words.
Natsuko: Yes. 控え (hikae) comes from 控える (hikaeru).
Sachiko: Which means to wait or to just standby.
Natsuko: Yes, and 室 (shitsu) is
Sachiko: Room.
Natsuko: Right.
Sachiko: So it’s the room to stand by. Standby room, waiting room. Right, okay, pretty simple. Next, please.
Natsuko: さっき (sakki)
Sachiko: Some time ago.
Natsuko: (slow) さっき (sakki) (natural speed) さっき (sakki)
Very often used word.
Sachiko: When you use the word さっき (sakki) to mean some time ago, exactly how many minutes or hours or days ago are we talking about?
Natsuko: I think it won’t extend to days.
Sachiko: Okay.
Natsuko: It will never extend to days.
Sachiko: Okay.
Natsuko: But maybe it can be a couple of hours ago, though usually it's used for something that happened very recently…
Sachiko: Okay.
Natsuko: Like a few minutes or 30 minutes.
Sachiko: Wow so that would be like just a few minutes ago or just now almost.
Natsuko: Yeah.
Sachiko: Okay, next vocabulary, please.
Natsuko: 蹴る (keru)
Sachiko: To kick.
Natsuko: (slow) ける (keru) (natural speed) 蹴る (keru)
Sachiko: The kanji for this looks really complicated. So you really want to go into the PDF and check this out.
Natsuko: Sure.
Sachiko: But to be quite honest, I am Japanese and I don’t think I can write this.
Natsuko: I am not sure either.
Sachiko: Yeah.
Natsuko: Well I have to check out.
Sachiko: Yeah, it’s not something we use every day.
Natsuko: Right.
Sachiko: Okay, next vocabulary, please.
Natsuko: 攻撃 (kōgeki)
Sachiko: Attack, strike, offensive.
Natsuko: (slow) こうげき (kōgeki) (natural speed) 攻撃 (kōgeki)
Sachiko: So if you were to say that somebody’s personality was sort of aggressive, what would you say?
Natsuko: 攻撃的 (kōgekiteki)
Sachiko: So you put the word 的 (teki) at the end of this word to make it sound aggressive.
Natsuko: Yes.
Sachiko: To turn an attack into aggressive.
Natsuko: Uhoo…
Sachiko: Umm quite interesting.
Natsuko: So 的 (teki) means the tendency…
Sachiko: Ah I see.
Natsuko: To be.
Sachiko: The tendency to attack.
Natsuko: Wow!
Sachiko: The kind of colleague you don’t want to have in the office.
Natsuko: Sounds pretty dangerous.
Sachiko: Okay, next word, please.
Natsuko: 得策 (tokusaku)
Sachiko: Profitable plan. Good plan.
Natsuko: (slow) とくさく (tokusaku) (natural speed) 得策 (tokusaku)
Sachiko: Now can you tell us a little bit about the characters used here?
Natsuko: Yes, the first one, 得 (toku) means profitable.
Sachiko: Hmm.
Natsuko: And the second one, 策 (saku) is like a plan.
Sachiko: Okay.
Natsuko: Or strategy.
Sachiko: Ah! From the word 対策 (taisaku)?
Natsuko: Oh yes.
Sachiko: The same as 対策 (taisaku)?
Natsuko: The same kanji is used for the very often used word, 対策 (taisaku).
Sachiko: Meaning measure or plan.
Natsuko: Yes.
Sachiko: True. Okay, next word, please.
Natsuko: 落ち着く (ochitsuku)
Sachiko: To settle down.
Natsuko: (slow) おちつく (ochitsuku) (natural speed) 落ち着く (ochitsuku)
Sachiko: Can you give us a sample sentence for that?
Natsuko: ホットミルクを飲むと、落ち着く。(Hotto miruku o nomu to, ochitsuku.)
Sachiko: I calm down when I drink hot milk. Huh, that’s kind of cute but it’s true. Have you tried drinking hot milk at night when you can’t sleep? I thought that works.
Natsuko: Oh yes, yeah I tried. It helps you to kind of calm your...
Sachiko: Nerves?
Natsuko: Yes.
Sachiko: うーん、なるほどね。(Ūn, naruhodo ne.) I personally like hot milk tea. But that’s close enough.
Natsuko: Right.
Sachiko: Next word, please.
Natsuko: 崩す (kuzusu)
Sachiko: To destroy, to pull down.
Natsuko: (slow) くずす (kuzusu) (natural speed) 崩す (kuzusu)
Sachiko: So when we use this word, are we talking about something really, really big like a mountain or are we talking about small things like a pile of sand?
Natsuko: I think you can use it for both.
Sachiko: Next word, please.
Natsuko: 戦術 (senjutsu)
Sachiko: Tactics.
Natsuko: (slow) せんじゅつ (senjutsu) (natural speed) 戦術 (senjutsu)
Sachiko: Now can you explain to us the difference between the word 戦術 (senjutsu) and other words that mean measure or a plan? For example, 対策 (taisaku) is a word that also means plan but how is 戦術 (senjutsu) different?
Natsuko: 戦術 (senjutsu) is originally a military word.
Sachiko: Ah.
Natsuko: Used for wars.
Sachiko: Right.
Natsuko: So it’s more like a way to attack something.
Sachiko: So it serves like a strategy.
Natsuko: Exactly.
Sachiko: That explains why the first character in this word is 戦う (tatakau) is the word for battle.
Natsuko: Yes.
Sachiko: Umm okay. Next word, please.
Natsuko: 文句 (monku)
Sachiko: Complaint.
Natsuko: (slow) もんく (monku) (natural speed) 文句 (monku)
Sachiko: How would you use this in a sentence as a verb?
Natsuko: 文句を言う (monku o iu)
Sachiko: So you add を言う (o iu) to the end of it.
Natsuko: Yes.
Sachiko: To mean that you were making a complaint or saying a complaint.
Natsuko: Right.
Sachiko: What’s the next word, please?
Natsuko: 叱る (shikaru)
Sachiko: To scold.
Natsuko: (slow) しかる (shikaru) (natural speed) 叱る (shikaru)
Sachiko: Now what’s the most common situation when you use this word? What kind of relationship are two people in?
Natsuko: I think teacher and a student or a mother and a child.
Sachiko: Ah!
Natsuko: Father.
Sachiko: Right, right, right parent and child, school. Next word, please.
Natsuko: 状況 (jōkyō)
Sachiko: Situation, circumstances.
Natsuko: (slow) じょうきょう (jōkyō) (natural speed) 状況 (jōkyō)
Sachiko: Can we have a sample sentence for that?
Natsuko: 彼はどんな状況でも上手くできる人だ。(Kare wa donna jōkyō demo umaku dekiru hito da.)
Sachiko: He is the kind of person that can cope with any kind of situation. I’d like somebody to say that about me. Unfortunately I don’t hear it too often but…
Natsuko: You are.
Sachiko: ありがとう。(Arigatō.) So let’s move on to our grammar point. We have our expert, Natsuko-san.

Lesson focus

Natsuko: So today’s grammar point is te-form again.
Sachiko: Lots of those.
Natsuko: Yes. So we already covered this te-form and we know that this form can be used to combine sentences.
Sachiko: Right.
Natsuko: And you can just keep
Sachiko: Adding to it?
Natsuko: Yes.
Sachiko: So you can say something, something て (te) something, something て (te), something, something て (te) and just go on.
Natsuko: Yes. Go on and on and on... but you have to finish somewhere, right?
Sachiko: Right.
Natsuko: And you have to remember that when you finish the sentence, that final verb will determine all the rest of the sentence.
Sachiko: The て (te) that precedes it.
Natsuko: Yes.
Sachiko: So if the final verb ends up being a past tense, that means all of the verbs before that were a past tense.
Natsuko: Yes, right. So there are only two tenses in Japanese, past and non-past.
Sachiko: Right.
Natsuko: Sometimes you get a little confused about if things already happened or not.
Sachiko: Right.
Natsuko: But when you are confused, just look at the last verb used which tells you whether it's past or non-past.
Sachiko: So the last verb dictates everything that preceded it.
Natsuko: Yes.
Sachiko: So if the last verb was a past tense, then everything becomes past tense.
Natsuko: Yes, right. Let’s look at the example used in the conversation like なんで右サイドに蹴って、右に動かなかったんだよ!(Nande migi saido ni kette, migi ni ugokanakatta n da yo!)
Sachiko: Why didn’t you kick to the right side and move to the right?
Natsuko: The final verb used here 動かなかった (ugokanakatta) determines the formal one. So she didn’t kick, neither move.
Sachiko: So she didn’t kick to the right side and she didn’t move to the right side either.
Natsuko: Right.
Sachiko: So the last verb 動かなかった (ugokanakatta) is a negation. So therefore the verb before that is negated as well.
Natsuko: Yes. So that’s the general rule.
Sachiko: Okay. Let’s look at another example.
Natsuko: 彼女は風邪をひいちゃったから、早く会って、お花を買って、看病したかった。(Kanojo wa kaze o hiichatta kara, hayaku atte, o-hana o katte, kanbyō shitakatta.)
Sachiko: She caught a cold, so I wanted to see her soon, buy her some flowers and take care of her.
Natsuko: Now there were three verbs there, right?
Sachiko: Uhoo.
Natsuko: 会って (atte)
Sachiko: Meet her.
Natsuko: 買って (katte)
Sachiko: To buy.
Natsuko: 看病する (kanbyō suru)
Sachiko: Take care of her.
Natsuko: Yes, but the last one 看病したかった (kanbyō shitakatta)
Sachiko: Means I wanted to.
Natsuko: Yes, in the past tense.
Sachiko: Right.
Natsuko: So that means the formal one 会う (au), 買う (kau),
Sachiko: All of these, she wanted to do in the past tense.
Natsuko: Right.

Outro

Sachiko: There are many, many more examples and explanations in the PDF. So be sure to stop by japanesepod101.com. Also remember to leave us a post.
Natsuko: それじゃあ、またね。(Sorejā, mata ne.)
Sachiko: See you soon.

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