トラさん、
こんにちは。勧誘でありがとうございます。
Okay, there really are a lot of ようs in japanese, and they often mean completely different things.
So, in this case, what I would like to start with, is the volitional-よう, and in order to give it some more direction, in combination with the phrase としたとき.
The Phrase "Sentence A / volitional-form+としたとき / Sentence B" means: "Just as I was about to do A, B happened."
Now, in the volitional-form, よう only appears with the ichidan-verbs and the irregular verbs. Godan-Verbs are changed into volitional form by changing the last syllable into its o-Form and adding う. So, 飲む becomes 飲もう - I want to drink。
With Ichidan verbs, the ending るis changed to よう. So, 食べる becomes 食べよう.
The irregular verbs 来る and する become こよう and しよう.
So, よう can always be the volitional form of ichidan or irregular verbs.
Now, I want to start with some simple ichidan sentences in their volitional form:
1. たくさんお金をためよう。
I want to save up a lot of money.
2. シュワちゃんのサインを売れよう。
I want to sell my Schwarzenegger-autograph.
3.タバコを吸うをやめよう。
I want to quit smoking.
Also, one sentence each for 来る and する:
4. パーティーにこよう。
I want to come to the party.
5. 日本語を勉強しよう。
I want to study Japanese.
So, now I want to extend it to the phrase ようとしたとき: As I was about to do. So, sentence A ends in the volitional form, while sentence B ends in whatever way it ends.
Again, I'll start with ichidan verbs.
6. 箱を開けようとしたとき、妻が「いいえ」呼びました。
Just as I wanted to open the box, my wife yelled "no!"
7. パンツとスカートと決めようとしたとき、デートを中止にしまいました。
Just as I wanted to choose between pants and a skirt, the date was cancelled.
8. テレビを見ようとしたとき、停電したんです。
Just as I wanted to watch TV, there was a power shortage.
And of course, one sentence each for 来る and する:
9. 本当すみません、映画館にこようとしたとき、盲になりました。
I'm really sorry, just as I wanted to kome to the cinema, I went blind.
10. ハイディ・クルムを結婚しようとしたとき、起きるしまいました。
Just as I was about to marry Heidi Klum, I woke up.
And, as a little encore, some sentences with godan verbs, for showing the phrase with them:
11. 妻を殺そうとしたとき、優免しました。
Just as I was about to kill my wife, I forgave her.
12. きれいなコートを買おうとしたとき、あの安いルイ・ヴィトンの鞄をみました。
Just as I wanted to buy that beautiful coat, I saw that low priced Louis Vuitton handbag.
13. 窓を拭こうとしたとき、妻で窓から突き落とされるしまいました。
Just as I wanted to clean the windows, I was pushed out by my wife.
Okay, serious marrial-issues aside, what do you think?!
Now it's your turn, トラさん.
くろくま