Practice making negative requests in Japanese
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| Do you know how to make negative requests with nai form verbs in Japanese? |
| Welcome to Three Step Japanese Practice by JapanesePod101.com. In this lesson, you will practice how to make negative requests. |
| Let’s look at the main dialogue. |
| Two people are having a conversation about a meal. One is being told how to eat properly by an older relative. |
| あ、そうですね｡ |
| A, sō desu ne. |
| Oh, that’s right. |
| のこさないでください｡ ぜんぶたべてください｡ |
| Nokosanai de kudasai. Zenbu tabete kudasai. |
| Please don’t leave anything behind. Eat everything. |
| のこさない |
| Is the nai-form of のこす (nokosu), to leave. |
| のこす is a class 1 verb. Because it ends in す, the nai form replaces that syllable with the syllable, "さ," and then follows it with ない. |
| Depending on the class of verb, and what that verb ends with in its dictionary form, the way it is changed to its nai form is different. |
| Let’s practice with this grammar more in this lesson. |
| Choose the best answer to complete the sentence. Ready? |
| ここで でください｡ |
| Koko de ______________ de kudasai. |
| ここで でください｡ |
| さわがない (sawaganai) |
| さわがない (sawaganai) |
| ここでさわがないでください｡ (koko de sawaganai de kudasai) |
| ここでさわがないでください｡ (koko de sawaganai de kudasai) |
| Please don’t make noise here. |
| さわぐ (sawagu) is the stem of さわがない, and it is a class 1 verb. So, ぐ (gu) becomes が, and then ない is added to make it the nai form. |
| Choose the best answer to complete the sentence. Ready? |
| ここで でください｡ |
| (koko de ________ de kudasai) |
| ここで でください｡ |
| はなさない (hanasanai) |
| はなさない |
| ここではなさないでください｡ (koko de hanasanai de kudasai) |
| ここではなさないでください｡ |
| Please don’t talk here. |
| はなす (hanasu) is the stem of はなさない, and is a class 1 verb ending in す (su). So, す becomes さ (sa), and ない is added at the end. |
| Choose the best answer to complete the sentence. Ready? |
| ここでんきょう でください｡ |
| (koko de benkyō ________ de kudasai) |
| ここでんきょう でください｡ |
| しない (shinai) |
| しない |
| ここでんきょうしないでください｡ (koko de benkyō shinai de kudasai) |
| ここでんきょうしないでください｡ |
| Please don’t study here. |
| The verb stem being used here is する, which is one of the two class 3 verbs. Because of this, none of the original characters remain in the nai form. す (su) becomes し (shi), and then ない is added in place of る (ru). |
| Unscramble the words to make a sentence. |
| Ready? |
| ここ (koko) |
| ここで (koko de) |
| ここでおよが (koko de oyoga) |
| ここでおよがない (koko de oyoganai) |
| ここでおよがないでください｡ (Koko de oyoganai de kudasai.) |
| Please don't swim here. |
| ここでおよがないでください｡ |
| Choose the best answer to complete the sentence. Ready? |
| タバコを(すわない or すあない)でください｡ |
| Tabako o (suwanai/suanai) de kudasai. |
| タバコを(すわない or すあない)でください｡ |
| すわない (suwanai) |
| すわない |
| タバコをすわないでください｡ (Tabako o suwanai de kudasai.) |
| Please don't smoke. |
| すわない is the nai form of すう (suu). すう is a class 1 verb ending in う (u), so う is replaced with わない to make the nai form of the verb. |
| Choose the best answer to complete the sentence. Ready? |
| あのへやに (はいらない or はいない) でください｡ |
| Ano heya ni (hairanai/hainai) de kudasai. |
| あのへやに (はいらない or はいない) でください｡ |
| はいらない (hairanai) |
| はいらない |
| あのへやにはいらないでください｡ |
| (Ano heya ni hairanai de kudasai.) |
| Please don't enter that room. |
| はいらない is the nai form of はいる (hairu), a class 1 verb. はいる ends with "る (ru)", so that is changed to "ら (ra)", and then ない is added to make the nai form. |
| Let's translate some sentences into Japanese. |
| Translate "Please don't eat here." into Japanese. |
| ここ (koko). here. |
| followed by |
| で (de). The location particle. |
| next |
| たべない (tabenai). Don't eat. |
| followed by |
| でください (de kudasai). Please. |
| たべない is a class 2 verb. It comes from たべる. Class 2 verbs just need to remove the "る" and put "ない" in its place to make the nai form, so that is done here. |
| ここでたべないでください｡ (Koko de tabenai de kudasai.) |
| ここでたべないでください｡ (Koko de tabenai de kudasai.) |
| Please don't eat here. |
| Translate "Please don't use a fork." into Japanese. |
| フォーク(fōku). Fork. |
| followed by |
| を (o). The object particle. |
| next |
| つかわない (tsukawanai). Don't use. |
| followed by |
| でください (de kudasai). please. |
| つかわない (tsukawanai) is the nai form of つかう (tsukau). Since this is a class 1 verb that ends in "う," "わない (wanai)" is added at the end to change its form. |
| フォークをつかわないでください｡ (Fōku o tsukawanai de kudasai.) |
| フォークをつかわないでください｡ (Fōku o tsukawanai de kudasai.) |
| Please don't use a fork. |
| Translate "Please don't come tomorrow." into Japanese. |
| あした (ashita). tomorrow. |
| followed by |
| こない (konai). Don't come. |
| next |
| でください (de kudasai). please. |
| くる is a class 3 verb. All characters are changed when putting it in its nai form, こない (konai). |
| あしたこないでください｡ (Ashita konai de kudasai.) |
| あしたこないでください｡ (Ashita konai de kudasai.) |
| Please don't come tomorrow. |
| Listen to me as I speak. What class of verb and type of nai form does it have? |
| ここではなさないでください｡ |
| Koko de hanasanai de kudasai. |
| Let’s listen one more time. |
| ここではなさないでください｡ |
| Did you hear, はなさない? はなさない is formed from a Class 1 verb that ends with す. |
| How about...? |
| ここでんきょうしないでください｡ (koko de benkyō shinai de kudasai) |
| Let’s listen one more time. |
| ここでんきょうしないでください｡ (koko de benkyō shinai de kudasai) |
| Did you hear, しない (shinai)? しない (shinai) is the nai form of the class 3 verb, する (suru). |
| Next... |
| あのへやにはいらないでください｡ |
| (Ano heya ni hairanai de kudasai.) |
| One more time. |
| あのへやにはいらないでください｡ |
| Did you hear, はいらない? はいらない is formed from a class 1 verb that ends with る. |
| Next... |
| タバコをすわないでください｡ |
| (Tabako o suwanai de kudasai.) |
| One more time. |
| タバコをすわないでください｡ |
| Did you hear, すわない (suwanai)? すわない is formed from a class 1 verb that ends with う. |
| And... |
| ここでたべないでください｡ (Koko de tabenai de kudasai.) |
| One more time. |
| ここでたべないでください｡ |
| Did you hear, たべない (tabenai)? たべない is formed from a class 2 verb. |
| Thank you for watching. |
| Now you know how to make negative requests with nai form verbs. |
| ...and now you can move on to the next lesson in the pathway. またね (mata ne)! |
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