Dialogue

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INTRODUCTION
Yuichi: ็ฅไธ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
Naomi: ใชใŠใฟใงใ™ใ€‚
Jessi: Jessi here. Japanese Embedded Questions. I donโ€™t know who will come.
Naomi: ใงใฏใ€ไปŠๅ›žใฎใƒ€ใ‚คใ‚ขใƒญใ‚ฐใฎใ‚นใƒˆใƒผใƒชใƒผใซใคใ„ใฆๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
Yuichi: ไปŠๅ›žใ‚‚ใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ไผš็คพใงใฎ่ฉฑใงใ™ใ€‚
Naomi: ใ‚ใ‚‹ไผš็คพใƒปใƒปใƒปใ€‚ใ“ใฎ้–“ใจๅŒใ˜ไผš็คพใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
Yuichi: ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€้•ใ†ไผš็คพใงใ™ใ€‚ใ‚ใ‚‹้•ใ†ไผš็คพใงใ™ใ€‚
Jessi: So this conversation takes place at a different company from last time.
Naomi: ไผš่ฉฑใซใฏใ€่ชฐใŒๅ‡บใฆใใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹ใ€‚
Yuichi: ็›ดๅญใ€็ฅไบŒใ€ใ‚ธใ‚งใƒ‹ใƒผใ€ใใ—ใฆใƒšใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใงใ™ใ€‚
Naomi: ใ‚ใ‚Œใฃ๏ผŸใกใ‚‡ใฃใจใ€ใฉใฃใ‹ใง่žใ„ใŸใ“ใจใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใชๅๅ‰ใงใ™ใญ(็ฌ‘๏ผ‰
Jessi: ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€‚In the conversation, we have Naoko, Yuji, Jenny and Peter. They are co workers, so they will be speaking formally.
Naomi: ไปŠๅ›žใฎๆ–‡ๆณ•ใฎใƒใ‚คใƒณใƒˆใฏไฝ•ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†๏ผŸ
Yuichi: A question followed by ๏ฝžใ‹ใ€‚ as inใ€€ใฉใ“ใซ่กŒใใ‹็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€‚
Jessi: In this lesson, you will learn about Embedded Questions. Sentences like "I don't know where we're going". There's a question word in there, so we call it an embedded question.
Naomi: ใชใ‚‹ใปใฉใญใ€‚I see.
Yuichi: ใใ‚Œใงใฏ่žใ„ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
DIALOGUE
็›ดๅญ:่ชฐใŒๆฅใ‚‹ใ‹ๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ‚“ใ ใ‚ˆใญใ€‚
็›ดๅญ:ใƒšใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใ•ใ‚“ใฎๅผ•่ถŠใ—ใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผ่กŒใ๏ผŸ
็ฅไบŒ:ใฏใ„ใ€‚ใƒšใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใ•ใ‚“ใฎๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ๆ–ฐๅฑ…่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใŸใ„ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
ใ‚ธใ‚งใƒ‹ใƒผ:็งใ‚‚ๅ‚ๅŠ ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚่ชฐใŒๆฅใ‚‹ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€‚
็›ดๅญ:่ชฐใŒๆฅใ‚‹ใ‹ๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ‚“ใ ใ‚ˆใญใ€‚
: ใ„ใค้–‹ใใ‹ใ‚‚ใพใ ๆฑบใ‚ใฆใชใ„ใฟใŸใ„ใ€‚
็ฅไบŒ:ใ˜ใ‚ƒใ€ๅƒ•ใ€ใƒšใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใ•ใ‚“ใซใกใ‚‡ใฃใจ่žใ„ใฆใฟใพใ™ใ€‚
็ฅไบŒ:ใƒšใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใ„ใคๅผ•่ถŠใ—ใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ๆฑบใ‚ใพใ—ใŸใ‹ใ€‚
ใƒšใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผ:ๆฅ้€ฑใฎ้‡‘ๆ›œใฎๅค•ๆ–นใซใ™ใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใ€‚ใฟใ‚“ใชใ€ๆฅใ‚Œใ‚‹๏ผŸ
็ฅไบŒ:่กŒใ‘ใพใ™ใ‚ˆใ€‚
ใ‚ธใ‚งใƒ‹ใƒผ:็งใฏใ€ไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’็‰‡ไป˜ใ‘ใฆใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€่กŒใใพใ™ใ€‚
็›ดๅญ:็งใ‚‚ไป•ไบ‹ใŒไฝ•ๆ™‚ใซ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ‘ใฉใ€ใŸใถใ‚“่กŒใใพใ™ใ€‚
๏ผˆใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใฎๅ‰ใฎๆ—ฅ๏ผ‰
็ฅไบŒ:็›ดๅญใ•ใ‚“ใ€ๆ˜Žๆ—ฅใฎใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใซไฝ•ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใใ‹ๆฑบใ‚ใพใ—ใŸ๏ผŸ
็›ดๅญ:ใ‚ใƒปใƒปใƒปใพใ ใ€‚ใใ†ใ ใ€ใฟใ‚“ใชใงๅผ•่ถŠใ—ใฎใƒ—ใƒฌใ‚ผใƒณใƒˆไธ€็ท’ใซ่ฒทใ‚ใชใ„๏ผŸ
ใ‚ธใ‚งใƒ‹ใƒผ:ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใญใ€‚ใƒ—ใƒฌใ‚ผใƒณใƒˆไฝ•ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹่€ƒใˆใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
ๆฌกใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžใŒๅ…ฅใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
็›ดๅญ:ใƒšใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใ•ใ‚“ใฎๅผ•่ถŠใ—ใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผ่กŒใ๏ผŸ
English: Are you going to Payterโ€™s moving party?
็ฅไบŒ:ใฏใ„ใ€‚ใƒšใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใ•ใ‚“ใฎๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ๆ–ฐๅฑ…่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใŸใ„ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
English: Yes, I want to get a look at Payterโ€™s new place.
ใ‚ธใ‚งใƒ‹ใƒผ:็งใ‚‚ๅ‚ๅŠ ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚่ชฐใŒๆฅใ‚‹ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€‚
English: Iโ€™m going too. Who else is coming?
็›ดๅญ:่ชฐใŒๆฅใ‚‹ใ‹ๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ‚“ใ ใ‚ˆใญใ€‚
English: You know, Iโ€™m not sure.
: ใ„ใค้–‹ใใ‹ใ‚‚ใพใ ๆฑบใ‚ใฆใชใ„ใฟใŸใ„ใ€‚
It sounds like the start time isnโ€™t even decided yet.
็ฅไบŒ:ใ˜ใ‚ƒใ€ๅƒ•ใ€ใƒšใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใ•ใ‚“ใซใกใ‚‡ใฃใจ่žใ„ใฆใฟใพใ™ใ€‚
English: Well, okay, Iโ€™ll ask Payter.
็ฅไบŒ:ใƒšใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใ„ใคๅผ•่ถŠใ—ใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ๆฑบใ‚ใพใ—ใŸใ‹ใ€‚
English: Payter, have you decided when youโ€™re going to have your moving party?
ใƒšใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผ:ๆฅ้€ฑใฎ้‡‘ๆ›œใฎๅค•ๆ–นใซใ™ใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใ€‚ใฟใ‚“ใชใ€ๆฅใ‚Œใ‚‹๏ผŸ
English: Iโ€™m planning to have it in the evening next Friday. Can everyone come?
็ฅไบŒ:่กŒใ‘ใพใ™ใ‚ˆใ€‚
English: Yeah, we can come.
ใ‚ธใ‚งใƒ‹ใƒผ:็งใฏใ€ไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’็‰‡ไป˜ใ‘ใฆใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€่กŒใใพใ™ใ€‚
English: Iโ€™ll be there after I take care of things at work.
็›ดๅญ:็งใ‚‚ไป•ไบ‹ใŒไฝ•ๆ™‚ใซ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ‘ใฉใ€ใŸใถใ‚“่กŒใใพใ™ใ€‚
English: Iโ€™m also not sure what time I can get off work that day, but I should be going too.
๏ผˆใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใฎๅ‰ใฎๆ—ฅ๏ผ‰
(The day before the party)
็ฅไบŒ:็›ดๅญใ•ใ‚“ใ€ๆ˜Žๆ—ฅใฎใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใซไฝ•ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใใ‹ๆฑบใ‚ใพใ—ใŸ๏ผŸ
English: Naoko, did you decide what youโ€™re taking to the party?
็›ดๅญ:ใ‚ใƒปใƒปใƒปใพใ ใ€‚ใใ†ใ ใ€ใฟใ‚“ใชใงๅผ•่ถŠใ—ใฎใƒ—ใƒฌใ‚ผใƒณใƒˆไธ€็ท’ใซ่ฒทใ‚ใชใ„๏ผŸ
English: Oh, not yet. Oh yeah, why donโ€™t we all chip in for a moving present?
ใ‚ธใ‚งใƒ‹ใƒผ:ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใญใ€‚ใƒ—ใƒฌใ‚ผใƒณใƒˆไฝ•ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹่€ƒใˆใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
English: Great. Letโ€™s think about what kind of present to get.
POST CONVERSATION BANTER
Yuichi: ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใ‚นใƒˆใƒผใƒชใƒผใฏใฉใ†ใงใ—ใŸใ‹ใ€‚
Naomi: ใ“ใ‚Œ๏ผ”ไบบๅ‡บใฆใใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญใ€‚
Yuichi: ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
Naomi: ใ“ใ†ใ„ใ†ไฝ•ไบบใ‚‚ใ€ๅ‡บใฆใใ‚‹ไผš่ฉฑใฃใฆ่จ€ใ†ใฎใฏใ€่ชฐใŒ่ชฐใซformalใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆใ„ใฆใ€่ชฐใŒ่ชฐใซinformalใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใงใ€ไบบ้–“้–ขไฟ‚ใŒใ‚ใ‹ใฃใฆใ€้ข็™ฝใ„ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญใ€‚
Jessi: ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€‚ So interesting. Because you can tell what kind of relationship that speakers have depending on who uses informal language and who uses formal language.Really interesting.
Yuichi: ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€‚ใใ†ใ„ใ†ไบบ้–“้–ขไฟ‚ใŒใ‚ใ‹ใฃใฆใ€้ข็™ฝใ„ใจใ„ใ†ใฎใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ๅพŒใ€ไปŠๅ›žใฎไผš่ฉฑใงใฏใ€ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ๅฎถใซใ€ๅผ•ใฃ่ถŠใ™ใจ่จ€ใ†ไบ‹ใ ใฃใŸใฎใงใ€ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใฎๅผ•ใฃ่ถŠใ—ใซใคใ„ใฆใ€ใ‚ธใ‚งใ‚ทใƒผใ•ใ‚“ใซ่žใ„ใฆใฟใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
Jessi: ใ‚ใ€ใฏใ„ใ€‚
Yuichi: ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใงใฏใ€ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ๅฎถใซๅผ•ใฃ่ถŠใ™ใจใ€ใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญใ€‚
Jessi: ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€‚Housewarming partyใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใญใ€‚ๆ—ฅๆœฌใงใฏใ€ใ‚ใพใ‚Šhousewarming partyใฟใŸใ„ใชใ‚‚ใฎใฏใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‚ˆใญใ€‚Are housewarming parties not that common in Japan?
Naomi: ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€‚ใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ไบบใฏใ€ใ‚ใพใ‚Šใ„ใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใ™ใญใ€‚ใ‚ใ€ใงใ‚‚ใ€ๅผ•ใฃ่ถŠใ—ใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€่ฟ‘ๆ‰€ใซๆŒจๆ‹ถใ‚’ใ—ใซ่กŒใไบบใฏๅคšใ„ใฟใŸใ„ใงใ™ใญใ€‚But it really depends on the person and the area.
Jessi: So instead, some people who move to a new house or apartment will go say hello to the neighbors.
Naomi: ใ‚ใฎใƒผใ€ใ‚ขใƒ‘ใƒผใƒˆใฏใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‘ใฉใ€ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ๅฎถใซๅผ•ใฃ่ถŠใ—ใŸใจใใซใฏใ€ๆŒจๆ‹ถใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ไบบใฏๅคšใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใญใ€‚
Yuichi: ใงใ€ใใฎๆ™‚ใซใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใƒ—ใƒฌใ‚ผใƒณใƒˆใ‚’ๆธกใ—ใพใ™ใญใ€‚
Jessi: ไพ‹ใˆใฐใ€ไฝ•ใ‚’ๆธกใ—ใพใ™ใ‹ใ€‚
Yuichi: ใŠ่“ๅญใจใ‹ใ€ๆด—ๅ‰คใจใ‹ใงใ™ใ‹ใญใ€‚ๆฎ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ๆธกใ™ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
Jessi: So something like sweets or detergent. Something that doesn't last very long.
Naomi: ็ฅไธ€ใ•ใ‚“ใฏใ€ๅผ•ใฃ่ถŠใ—ใฏใ—ใŸใ“ใจใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™๏ผŸ
Yuichi: ใฏใ„ใ€ใ—ใŸใ“ใจใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใญใ€‚ใƒžใƒณใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใชใ‚“ใงใ™ใ‘ใ‚Œใฉใ‚‚ใ€่ฟ‘ๆ‰€ใซไฝ•ใ‹ๆธกใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
Naomi: ไฝ•ใ‚’ๆธกใ—ใพใ—ใŸ๏ผŸ
Yuichi: ใ‚ฟใ‚ชใƒซใงใ™ใ‹ใญใ€‚ๅพŒใ€่•Ž้บฆ๏ผˆใ‚ฝใƒ๏ผ‰ใ‚’ๆธกใ™ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ€ใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚‹ใฟใŸใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
Jessi: Soba as in noodles?
Yuichi: ใฏใ„ใ€ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
Naomi: ใ‚ใ‚ใ€Playing on words ใฃใฆ่จ€ใ†ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ่จ€่‘‰้Šใณใงใ™ใญใ€‚ใ€Œใใฐใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅ˜่ชžใซใฏใ€ไป–ใซใ‚‚ๆ„ๅ‘ณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใญใ€ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™๏ผŸ
Jessi: Ah, like nearby?
Naomi: ใใ†ใใ†ใใ†ใ€‚
Yuichi: ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚ใใฐใซๅผ•ใฃ่ถŠใ—ใฆใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚I moved to the house near you.ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใญใ€‚
Jessi: ใ‚ใƒผใ€ใชใ‚‹ใปใฉใ€‚้ข็™ฝใ„ใงใ™ใญใ€‚ๅฎŸใฏใ€ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใงใฏใ€้€†ใงใ™ใญใ€‚ๅผ•ใฃ่ถŠใ—ใŸไบบใŒ่ฟ‘ๆ‰€ใฎไบบใซใƒ—ใƒฌใ‚ผใƒณใƒˆใ‚’ใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
Yuichi: ใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใˆใ‚‹ใ‚“ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
Jessi: ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
Naomi: ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ไบบใŒใ€ๅคใ„ไบบใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ—ใƒฌใ‚ผใƒณใƒˆใ‚’ใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใ†ใ€‚
Jessi: ใฏใ„ใ€ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
Naomi: ใชใ‚‹ใปใฉใ€‚
Yuichi: ใ˜ใ‚ƒใ‚ใ€ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ๅผ•ใฃ่ถŠใ—ใ—ใŸใปใ†ใŒใ€ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใญใ€‚๏ผˆไธ€ๅŒ็ฌ‘๏ผ‰
Naomi: ใงใ‚‚ใ€ใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใ—ใชใใกใ‚ƒใ„ใ‘ใชใ„ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ‚‚ใ‚“ใญใ€‚ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใฏใญใƒผใ€‚็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใฎๅ›ฝใงใฏใ€ๅผ•่ถŠใ—ใ‚’ใ—ใŸใจใใซใฏใ€ไฝ•ใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ‹ใ€‚
Jessi: So listeners, what special things do people do when they move in your country? Please let us know in the comment section.
VOCAB LIST
Jessi: Let's take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson.
Naomi: ็‰‡ไป˜ใ‘ใ‚‹ [natural native speed]
Jessi: to get done with, to tidy up
Naomi: ็‰‡ไป˜ใ‘ใ‚‹ [slowly - broken down by syllable]
Naomi: ็‰‡ไป˜ใ‘ใ‚‹ [natural native speed]
Naomi: ๅ‚ๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ [natural native speed]
Jessi: to join, participate in, attend
Naomi: ๅ‚ๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ [slowly - broken down by syllable]
Naomi: ๅ‚ๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ [natural native speed]
Yuichi: ้–‹ใ [natural native speed]
Jessi: to throw (a party)
Yuichi: ้–‹ใ [slowly - broken down by syllable]
Yuichi: ้–‹ใ [natural native speed]
VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE
Jessi: Let's have a closer look at the usage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson.
Jessi: The first word is?
Naomi: ็‰‡ไป˜ใ‘ใ‚‹
Jessi: to tidy up, to finish up
Yuichi: ใ€Œ็‰‡ไป˜ใ‘ใ‚‹ใ€ใซใฏใ€ใตใŸใคๆ„ๅ‘ณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใฒใจใคใฏใ€ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ใ—ใพใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
Jessi: ็‰‡ไป˜ใ‘ใ‚‹ has two meanings. One is "to tidy up"
Yuichi: ไพ‹ใˆใฐใ€ๆœบใฎไธŠใซใ€ๆผซ็”ปใ€๏ผค๏ผถ๏ผคใ€ใŠ็šฟใ€็ด™ใ€้‰›็ญ†ใ€ใŠ่“ๅญใ€ใใ—ใฆใ‚ซใƒใƒณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
Naomi: ๆฑšใ„ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญใ€‚
Yuichi: ใงใ€ใƒŽใƒผใƒˆใŒ็ฝฎใ‘ใชใ„ใฎใงใ€ๅ‹‰ๅผทใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
Jessi: Let's say you have a bunch of stuff on your desk and you have
no place to put your notebook. What do you do?
Naomi: ใใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ๆœบใฎไธŠใ‚’็‰‡ไป˜ใ‘ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๏ผˆI'll tidy up the desk.๏ผ‰
Yuichi: ใงใ€ใ‚ใจใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ใฒใจใคใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใฏใ€็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚‰ใ›ใ‚‹(to finish)ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚
Jessi: The other meaning of ็‰‡ไป˜ใ‘ใ‚‹ is "to finish"
Yuichi: ๅฎŸใฏใ€ไปŠๅ›žใฎใƒ€ใ‚คใ‚ขใƒญใƒผใ‚ฐใฎใ€Œ็‰‡ไป˜ใ‘ใ‚‹ใ€ใฏใ€Œ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚‰ใ›ใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ—ใŸใ€‚็›ด็พŽใ•ใ‚“ใ€ไพ‹ๆ–‡ใ‚’ใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
Naomi: ไปŠๆ—ฅไธญใซใ€ไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’็‰‡ไป˜ใ‘ใŸใ„ใ€‚ใ€€
Jessi: I want to finish up my work by the end of today.ใ€ŒไปŠๆ—ฅไธญใซไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚‰ใ›ใŸใ„ใ€ใ‚‚ๅŒใ˜ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใญใ€‚
Naomi: ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€‚ไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’็‰‡ไป˜ใ‘ใŸใ„ใ€‚ไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚‰ใ›ใŸใ„ใ€‚want to finish up my work.ๅŒใ˜ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚
Yuichi: ใ˜ใ‚ƒใ‚ใ€ๆฌกใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
Naomi: ๅ‚ๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹
Jessi: to join, to participate in
Naomi: ใ€Œใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใซ่กŒใใ€ใจใ‹ใ€ใ€ŒใƒŸใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒณใ‚ฐใซๅ‡บใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ‹ใ‚’ใ€Œใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใซๅ‚ๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใ€ŒใƒŸใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒณใ‚ฐใซๅ‚ๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ‚ชใƒƒใ‚ฑใƒผใงใ™ใ€‚ใงใ‚‚ใ€ๅ‚ๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎๆ–นใŒใ€formalใชๆ„Ÿใ˜ใŒใ—ใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญใ€‚
Yuichi: ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€‚ๆผขๅญ—ใ‚‚ไฝฟใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใญใ€‚
Naomi: ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€‚ใ˜ใ‚ƒใ‚ใ€็ฅไธ€ใ•ใ‚“ใ€ไพ‹ๆ–‡ใ‚’ใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
Yuichi: ๆฑไบฌใƒžใƒฉใ‚ฝใƒณใซๅ‚ๅŠ ใ—ใŸใ„ใ€‚
Jessi: I want to participate in the Tokyo Marathon.
Naomi: ใˆ๏ผŸใƒ›ใƒณใƒˆ๏ผŸ็ฅไธ€ใ•ใ‚“ใ€‚
Jessi: Really? ใ˜ใ‚ƒใ€็›ด็พŽใ•ใ‚“ใ€ไธ€็ท’ใซใ€ๅฟœๆด่กŒใใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
Naomi: ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใญใƒผใ€‚
Yuichi: ใ˜ใ‚ƒใ‚ใ€
Naomi: ใปใ‚“ใจ่ตฐใ‚‹ใฎ๏ผŸ
Yuichi: ไบŒไบบใจใ‚‚ๅฟœๆดใ—ใชใ„ใงใ€ใฟใ‚“ใชใงไธ‰ไบบใงใ€ๆฑไบฌใƒžใƒฉใ‚ฝใƒณใซๅ‚ๅŠ ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†๏ผ
Jessi: ใกใ‚‡ใฃใจ็„ก็†ใงใ™ใญใ€‚๏ผˆ็ฌ‘๏ผ‰
Yuichi: ๅ‚ๅŠ ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‚ˆใ€‚ๅ‚ๅŠ ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
Naomi: ็งใกใ‚‡ใฃใจไป•ไบ‹ใŒโ€ฆ๏ผˆไธ€ๅŒ็ฌ‘๏ผ‰ใ‚ธใ‚งใ‚ทใƒผใ€็งใŸใกๅฟ™ใ—ใ„ใ‚‚ใ‚“ใญใ€‚
Jessi: ใใ†ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญใ€‚
Naomi: ้ ‘ๅผตใฃใฆใ€‚
Yuichi: ใ˜ใ‚ƒใ€ไธ€ไบบใงๅ‚ๅŠ ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚๏ผˆ็ฌ‘๏ผ‰
Naomi: ๅฟœๆดใซ่กŒใใพใ™ใ€‚
Yuichi: ใ˜ใ‚ƒใ€ๆฌกใฎๅ˜่ชžใฏใ€ ้–‹ใใ€€
Jessi: to open, to throw, as in to throw a party
Naomi: Lower Intermediateใฎใƒชใ‚นใƒŠใƒผใฎ็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใฏใ€Œ้–‹ใใ€ใŒto open ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใชใฎใฏใ€ๅคšๅˆ†็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ†ใ‚“ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
Jessi: So if you've been listening to these lower Intermediate lessons, you're probably already familiar with the word ้–‹ใ meaning "to open"
Naomi: ไพ‹ใˆใฐใ€ๆญฏๅŒป่€…ใ•ใ‚“dentistใชใ‚“ใ‹ใงใ€
Yuichi: ๅฃใ‚’้–‹ใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
Jessi: Please open your mouth
Naomi: ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚ˆใ่จ€ใ‚ใ‚Œใพใ™ใญใ€‚
Jessi: You often hear this at the dentist's office.
Naomi: ใงใ‚‚ใ€ไปŠๅ›žใฎใƒ€ใ‚คใ‚ขใƒญใ‚ฐใงใฏ ใ€Œ้–‹ใใ€ใฏใ€ใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใ‚คใƒ™ใƒณใƒˆใ‚’่กŒใ†ใ€€ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ—ใŸใญใ€‚
Yuichi: ใƒ‰ใ‚ขใ‚’openใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ใฟใชใ•ใ‚“ใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใซๆฅใฆไธ‹ใ•ใ„ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใญใ€‚
Naomi: ใŠใƒผใ€่ณขใ„๏ผใใ†ใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใ‹ใ€‚
Jessi: So when you throw a party or 'ใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใ‚’้–‹ใ', you open the door and welcome the guests. That's why this verb,ใ€€้–‹ใ or to open is used. ไพ‹ๆ–‡ใ‚’ใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
Yuichi: ใƒŸใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒณใ‚ฐใ‚’้–‹ใใ€€
Jessi: We hold a meeting.
Naomi: ใ•ใฃใใฎใ€Œๅ‚ๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ to joinใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใญใ€‚ไพ‹ใˆใฐใ€
๏ผ“ๆ™‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒŸใƒผใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใƒณใ‚ฐใ‚’้–‹ใใฎใงใ€ๅ‚ๅŠ ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
Jessi: We're going to have a meeting at 3, so please attend.

Lesson focus

Jessi: In this lesson and the next lesson, we will learn about embedded questions. So first, let me explain what embedded questions are. Embedded questions are questions within another statement or question. In English, sentences like.."I don't know who's coming" or "Can you tell me what time it is?" are embedded questions. Let's look at the first one. "I don't know who's coming" - we saw this in the dialogue. We have a full question; "who's coming?" embedded inside the statement.
Now, how do you say "I don't know who's coming?" in Japanese? That's what we're going to learn. In this lesson we'll focus on embedded WH-questions, and in lesson 15, we'll focus on embedded yes-no questions.
Naomi: ใ˜ใ‚ƒใ€"I don't know who's coming" ใ‚’ๆœ€ๅˆใซ่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
Jessi: First, let's think of the WH-question. It is...
Yuichi: ่ชฐใŒๆฅใ‚‹? (Who's coming?)
Jessi: And then you addใ€€-ใ‹to it. ่ชฐใŒๆฅใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€‚And then you put it inside the phrase "I don't know".
Yuichi: ็งใฏๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€‚
Jessi: So how do you insert ่ชฐใŒๆฅใ‚‹ใ‹ in that phrase?
Yuichi: ็งใฏ่ชฐใŒๆฅใ‚‹ใ‹ๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€‚
Jessi: "I don't know who's coming" Note that the verb that comes before ใ‹ has to be in the informal form.ใ€€ๆฅใ‚‹. Okay, let's look at another example.
How do you say "I don't know which is cheap" in Japanese?
Yuichi: ็งใฏใฉใ‚ŒใŒๅฎ‰ใ„ใ‹ๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€‚
Naomi: So the WH-question is ใฉใ‚ŒใŒๅฎ‰ใ„? And then we add ใ‹.
Jessi: And we put that question inside the sentence; ็งใฏๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€‚
Naomi: That becomes ็งใฏใ€ใฉใ‚ŒใŒๅฎ‰ใ„ใ‹ๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€‚
Jessi: So did you notice where we put the question? Right in between ็งใฏ"I" and ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ "don't know". And remember - you don't always need to say ็งใฏ - it can sound unnatural if you use it too much. So let's practice some sentences without it. How do you say, "I don't know what time it is."
Yuichi: ไฝ•ๆ™‚ใ‹ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€‚
Jessi: Let's use a different verb instead of the verb "ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„" How about "I'll ask who's coming."
Naomi: ่ชฐใŒๆฅใ‚‹ใ‹ใใ
Yuichi: or ่ชฐใŒๆฅใ‚‹ใ‹ใŸใšใญใ‚‹
Jessi: How about "I'll check which is cheap"
Yuichi: ใฉใ‚ŒใŒๅฎ‰ใ„ใ‹่ชฟในใ‚‹ใ€‚
Naomi: ใฉใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚ไปŠๅ›žใฎใŠ่ฉฑใฏใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใซใคใ„ใฆใงใ—ใŸใŒใ€ใ‚‚ใ—ใ€ใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใ€ใฉใ“ใงใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใŒใ—ใŸใ„ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€‚
Jessi: ใ‚นใƒšใ‚คใƒณๆ–™็†ใŒๅฅฝใใชใฎใงใ€ใ‚นใƒšใ‚คใƒณๆ–™็†ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅบ—ใŒใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
Naomi: ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
Yuichi: ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใญใ€‚ใ˜ใ‚ƒใ‚ใ€ๅƒ•ใŒใ€ใฉใ“ใงใ‚นใƒšใ‚คใƒณๆ–™็†ใŒ้ฃŸในใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹่ชฟในใพใ™ใญ๏ผ
Jessi: Yay, Yuichi says he'll look up a restaurant where we can have Spanish food.
Naomi: ใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ—ใƒžใƒผใ‚นใ€‚
Jessi: ๆฅฝใ—ใฟใงใ™ใ€‚
Naomi: ใ˜ใ‚ƒใ€ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใฏใ“ใฎ่พบใงใ€‚
Yuichi: ใ‚ใ€ใกใ‚‡ใฃใจใ€ๅพ…ใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
Naomi: ใฏใ„ใฏใ„ใ€‚
Yuichi: ๅƒ•ใฏใ€ใƒชใ‚นใƒŠใƒผใฎใฟใชใ•ใ‚“ใŒใ€ใ„ใคใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่žใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹็Ÿฅใ‚ŠใŸใ„ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
Jessi: ็งใฏใ€็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใŒใ€ไฝ•ๅ›ž่žใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใซ่ˆˆๅ‘ณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใญใ€‚
Naomi: ใ‚ใฃใ€ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’ใ€ไฝ•ๅ›ž่žใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹๏ผŸใฃใฆใ“ใจใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
Jessi: ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€‚1ๅ›žใ‹2ๅ›žใ‹
Naomi: 10ๅ›žใ‹
Jessi: ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€‚๏ผˆไธ€ๅŒ็ฌ‘๏ผ‰
Yuichi: ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€‚ใชใฎใงใ€ใฟใชใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใซใ€ใ„ใคใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่žใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€ไฝ•ๅ›ž่žใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
Jessi: So please post a comment about when and how many times you listen to a lesson.
Yuichi: ใ‚ใจใ€ใฉใ“ใง่žใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ‚‚็Ÿฅใ‚ŠใŸใ„ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
Jessi: And also - where you listen.
Naomi: ใใ‚Œใ˜ใ‚ƒใ‚ใ€ใพใŸใ€‚
Yuichi: ใ•ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‰ใ€‚
Jessi: Bye.
DIALOGUE
็›ดๅญ:่ชฐใŒๆฅใ‚‹ใ‹ๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ‚“ใ ใ‚ˆใญใ€‚
็›ดๅญ:ใƒšใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใ•ใ‚“ใฎๅผ•่ถŠใ—ใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผ่กŒใ๏ผŸ
็ฅไบŒ:ใฏใ„ใ€‚ใƒšใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใ•ใ‚“ใฎๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ๆ–ฐๅฑ…่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใŸใ„ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
ใ‚ธใ‚งใƒ‹ใƒผ:็งใ‚‚ๅ‚ๅŠ ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚่ชฐใŒๆฅใ‚‹ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€‚
็›ดๅญ:่ชฐใŒๆฅใ‚‹ใ‹ๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ‚“ใ ใ‚ˆใญใ€‚
: ใ„ใค้–‹ใใ‹ใ‚‚ใพใ ๆฑบใ‚ใฆใชใ„ใฟใŸใ„ใ€‚
็ฅไบŒ:ใ˜ใ‚ƒใ€ๅƒ•ใ€ใƒšใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใ•ใ‚“ใซใกใ‚‡ใฃใจ่žใ„ใฆใฟใพใ™ใ€‚
็ฅไบŒ:ใƒšใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใ„ใคๅผ•่ถŠใ—ใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ๆฑบใ‚ใพใ—ใŸใ‹ใ€‚
ใƒšใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผ:ๆฅ้€ฑใฎ้‡‘ๆ›œใฎๅค•ๆ–นใซใ™ใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใ€‚ใฟใ‚“ใชใ€ๆฅใ‚Œใ‚‹๏ผŸ
็ฅไบŒ:่กŒใ‘ใพใ™ใ‚ˆใ€‚
ใ‚ธใ‚งใƒ‹ใƒผ:็งใฏใ€ไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’็‰‡ไป˜ใ‘ใฆใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€่กŒใใพใ™ใ€‚
็›ดๅญ:็งใ‚‚ไป•ไบ‹ใŒไฝ•ๆ™‚ใซ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ‘ใฉใ€ใŸใถใ‚“่กŒใใพใ™ใ€‚
๏ผˆใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใฎๅ‰ใฎๆ—ฅ๏ผ‰
็ฅไบŒ:็›ดๅญใ•ใ‚“ใ€ๆ˜Žๆ—ฅใฎใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใซไฝ•ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใใ‹ๆฑบใ‚ใพใ—ใŸ๏ผŸ
็›ดๅญ:ใ‚ใƒปใƒปใƒปใพใ ใ€‚ใใ†ใ ใ€ใฟใ‚“ใชใงๅผ•่ถŠใ—ใฎใƒ—ใƒฌใ‚ผใƒณใƒˆไธ€็ท’ใซ่ฒทใ‚ใชใ„๏ผŸ
ใ‚ธใ‚งใƒ‹ใƒผ:ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใญใ€‚ใƒ—ใƒฌใ‚ผใƒณใƒˆไฝ•ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹่€ƒใˆใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚

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