| INTRODUCTION |
| Yuichi: ็ฅไธใงใใ |
| Naomi: ใชใใฟใงใใ |
| Jessi: Jessi here. Japanese Embedded Questions. I donโt know who will come. |
| Naomi: ใงใฏใไปๅใฎใใคใขใญใฐใฎในใใผใชใผใซใคใใฆๆใใฆใใ ใใใ |
| Yuichi: ไปๅใใใใไผ็คพใงใฎ่ฉฑใงใใ |
| Naomi: ใใไผ็คพใปใปใปใใใฎ้ใจๅใไผ็คพใงใใ๏ผ |
| Yuichi: ใใใใ้ใไผ็คพใงใใใใ้ใไผ็คพใงใใ |
| Jessi: So this conversation takes place at a different company from last time. |
| Naomi: ไผ่ฉฑใซใฏใ่ชฐใๅบใฆใใฆใใพใใใ |
| Yuichi: ็ดๅญใ็ฅไบใใธใงใใผใใใใฆใใผใฟใผใงใใ |
| Naomi: ใใใฃ๏ผใกใใฃใจใใฉใฃใใง่ใใใใจใใใใใชๅๅใงใใญ(็ฌ๏ผ |
| Jessi: ใใใงใใญใIn the conversation, we have Naoko, Yuji, Jenny and Peter. They are co workers, so they will be speaking formally. |
| Naomi: ไปๅใฎๆๆณใฎใใคใณใใฏไฝใงใใใ๏ผ |
| Yuichi: A question followed by ๏ฝใใ as inใใฉใใซ่กใใ็ฅใใชใใ |
| Jessi: In this lesson, you will learn about Embedded Questions. Sentences like "I don't know where we're going". There's a question word in there, so we call it an embedded question. |
| Naomi: ใชใใปใฉใญใI see. |
| Yuichi: ใใใงใฏ่ใใฆใฟใพใใใใ |
| DIALOGUE |
| ็ดๅญ:่ชฐใๆฅใใๅใใใชใใใ ใใญใ |
| ็ดๅญ:ใใผใฟใผใใใฎๅผ่ถใใใผใใฃใผ่กใ๏ผ |
| ็ฅไบ:ใฏใใใใผใฟใผใใใฎๆฐใใๆฐๅฑ
่ฆใฆใฟใใใงใใญใ |
| ใธใงใใผ:็งใๅๅ ใใพใใ่ชฐใๆฅใใใงใใใ |
| ็ดๅญ:่ชฐใๆฅใใๅใใใชใใใ ใใญใ |
| : ใใค้ใใใใพใ ๆฑบใใฆใชใใฟใใใ |
| ็ฅไบ:ใใใๅใใใผใฟใผใใใซใกใใฃใจ่ใใฆใฟใพใใ |
| ็ฅไบ:ใใผใฟใผใใใใใคๅผ่ถใใใผใใฃใผใใใใๆฑบใใพใใใใ |
| ใใผใฟใผ:ๆฅ้ฑใฎ้ๆใฎๅคๆนใซใใใคใใใใฟใใชใๆฅใใ๏ผ |
| ็ฅไบ:่กใใพใใใ |
| ใธใงใใผ:็งใฏใไปไบใ็ไปใใฆใใใ่กใใพใใ |
| ็ดๅญ:็งใไปไบใไฝๆใซ็ตใใใใใใใชใใใฉใใใถใ่กใใพใใ |
| ๏ผใใผใใฃใผใฎๅใฎๆฅ๏ผ |
| ็ฅไบ:็ดๅญใใใๆๆฅใฎใใผใใฃใผใซไฝใๆใฃใฆใใใๆฑบใใพใใ๏ผ |
| ็ดๅญ:ใใปใปใปใพใ ใใใใ ใใฟใใชใงๅผ่ถใใฎใใฌใผใณใไธ็ทใซ่ฒทใใชใ๏ผ |
| ใธใงใใผ:ใใใงใใญใใใฌใผใณใไฝใซใใใ่ใใพใใใใ |
| ๆฌกใฏ่ฑ่ชใๅ
ฅใใพใใ |
| ็ดๅญ:ใใผใฟใผใใใฎๅผ่ถใใใผใใฃใผ่กใ๏ผ |
| English: Are you going to Payterโs moving party? |
| ็ฅไบ:ใฏใใใใผใฟใผใใใฎๆฐใใๆฐๅฑ
่ฆใฆใฟใใใงใใญใ |
| English: Yes, I want to get a look at Payterโs new place. |
| ใธใงใใผ:็งใๅๅ ใใพใใ่ชฐใๆฅใใใงใใใ |
| English: Iโm going too. Who else is coming? |
| ็ดๅญ:่ชฐใๆฅใใๅใใใชใใใ ใใญใ |
| English: You know, Iโm not sure. |
| : ใใค้ใใใใพใ ๆฑบใใฆใชใใฟใใใ |
| It sounds like the start time isnโt even decided yet. |
| ็ฅไบ:ใใใๅใใใผใฟใผใใใซใกใใฃใจ่ใใฆใฟใพใใ |
| English: Well, okay, Iโll ask Payter. |
| ็ฅไบ:ใใผใฟใผใใใใใคๅผ่ถใใใผใใฃใผใใใใๆฑบใใพใใใใ |
| English: Payter, have you decided when youโre going to have your moving party? |
| ใใผใฟใผ:ๆฅ้ฑใฎ้ๆใฎๅคๆนใซใใใคใใใใฟใใชใๆฅใใ๏ผ |
| English: Iโm planning to have it in the evening next Friday. Can everyone come? |
| ็ฅไบ:่กใใพใใใ |
| English: Yeah, we can come. |
| ใธใงใใผ:็งใฏใไปไบใ็ไปใใฆใใใ่กใใพใใ |
| English: Iโll be there after I take care of things at work. |
| ็ดๅญ:็งใไปไบใไฝๆใซ็ตใใใใใใใชใใใฉใใใถใ่กใใพใใ |
| English: Iโm also not sure what time I can get off work that day, but I should be going too. |
| ๏ผใใผใใฃใผใฎๅใฎๆฅ๏ผ |
| (The day before the party) |
| ็ฅไบ:็ดๅญใใใๆๆฅใฎใใผใใฃใผใซไฝใๆใฃใฆใใใๆฑบใใพใใ๏ผ |
| English: Naoko, did you decide what youโre taking to the party? |
| ็ดๅญ:ใใปใปใปใพใ ใใใใ ใใฟใใชใงๅผ่ถใใฎใใฌใผใณใไธ็ทใซ่ฒทใใชใ๏ผ |
| English: Oh, not yet. Oh yeah, why donโt we all chip in for a moving present? |
| ใธใงใใผ:ใใใงใใญใใใฌใผใณใไฝใซใใใ่ใใพใใใใ |
| English: Great. Letโs think about what kind of present to get. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Yuichi: ไปๆฅใฎในใใผใชใผใฏใฉใใงใใใใ |
| Naomi: ใใ๏ผไบบๅบใฆใใฆใใพใใใญใ |
| Yuichi: ใใใงใใญใ |
| Naomi: ใใใใไฝไบบใใๅบใฆใใไผ่ฉฑใฃใฆ่จใใฎใฏใ่ชฐใ่ชฐใซformalใไฝฟใฃใฆใใฆใ่ชฐใ่ชฐใซinformalใไฝฟใฃใฆใใใฎใใงใไบบ้้ขไฟใใใใฃใฆใ้ข็ฝใใงใใใญใ |
| Jessi: ใใใงใใญใ So interesting. Because you can tell what kind of relationship that speakers have depending on who uses informal language and who uses formal language.Really interesting. |
| Yuichi: ใใใงใใญใใใใใไบบ้้ขไฟใใใใฃใฆใ้ข็ฝใใจใใใฎใใใใพใใๅพใไปๅใฎไผ่ฉฑใงใฏใๆฐใใๅฎถใซใๅผใฃ่ถใใจ่จใไบใ ใฃใใฎใงใใขใกใชใซใฎๅผใฃ่ถใใซใคใใฆใใธใงใทใผใใใซ่ใใฆใฟใใใจๆใใพใใ |
| Jessi: ใใใฏใใ |
| Yuichi: ใขใกใชใซใงใฏใๆฐใใๅฎถใซๅผใฃ่ถใใจใใใผใใฃใผใใใพใใใญใ |
| Jessi: ใใใงใใญใHousewarming partyใใใพใใญใๆฅๆฌใงใฏใใใพใhousewarming partyใฟใใใชใใฎใฏใใพใใใใญใAre housewarming parties not that common in Japan? |
| Naomi: ใใใงใใญใใใผใใฃใผใใใไบบใฏใใใพใใใชใใใใใใชใใงใใญใใใใงใใๅผใฃ่ถใใใใใใ่ฟๆใซๆจๆถใใใซ่กใไบบใฏๅคใใฟใใใงใใญใBut it really depends on the person and the area. |
| Jessi: So instead, some people who move to a new house or apartment will go say hello to the neighbors. |
| Naomi: ใใฎใผใใขใใผใใฏใใใใพใใใใฉใๆฐใใๅฎถใซๅผใฃ่ถใใใจใใซใฏใๆจๆถใใใไบบใฏๅคใใงใใใใญใ |
| Yuichi: ใงใใใฎๆใซใไฝใใใฌใผใณใใๆธกใใพใใญใ |
| Jessi: ไพใใฐใไฝใๆธกใใพใใใ |
| Yuichi: ใ่ๅญใจใใๆดๅคใจใใงใใใญใๆฎใใชใใใฎใๆธกใใใใงใใ |
| Jessi: So something like sweets or detergent. Something that doesn't last very long. |
| Naomi: ็ฅไธใใใฏใๅผใฃ่ถใใฏใใใใจใใใพใ๏ผ |
| Yuichi: ใฏใใใใใใจใใใพใใญใใใณใทใงใณใชใใงใใใใฉใใ่ฟๆใซไฝใๆธกใใฆใใใจๆใใพใใ |
| Naomi: ไฝใๆธกใใพใใ๏ผ |
| Yuichi: ใฟใชใซใงใใใญใๅพใ่้บฆ๏ผใฝใ๏ผใๆธกใใใจใใใใใใใฟใใใงใใ |
| Jessi: Soba as in noodles? |
| Yuichi: ใฏใใใใใงใใ |
| Naomi: ใใใPlaying on words ใฃใฆ่จใใใงใใ๏ผ่จ่้ใณใงใใญใใใใฐใใจใใๅ่ชใซใฏใไปใซใๆๅณใใใใพใใใใญใใใใใพใ๏ผ |
| Jessi: Ah, like nearby? |
| Naomi: ใใใใใใใ |
| Yuichi: ใใใงใใใใฐใซๅผใฃ่ถใใฆใใพใใใI moved to the house near you.ใจใใๆๅณใงใใญใ |
| Jessi: ใใผใใชใใปใฉใ้ข็ฝใใงใใญใๅฎใฏใใขใกใชใซใงใฏใ้ใงใใญใๅผใฃ่ถใใไบบใ่ฟๆใฎไบบใซใใฌใผใณใใใใใใพใใ |
| Yuichi: ใใใใใใงใใญใ |
| Jessi: ใใใงใใญใ |
| Naomi: ๆฐใใไบบใใๅคใไบบใใใใฌใผใณใใใใใใ |
| Jessi: ใฏใใใใใงใใ |
| Naomi: ใชใใปใฉใ |
| Yuichi: ใใใใใใใใๅผใฃ่ถใใใใปใใใใใใงใใญใ๏ผไธๅ็ฌ๏ผ |
| Naomi: ใงใใใใผใใฃใผใใชใใกใใใใชใใใงใใใใญใใขใกใชใซใฏใญใผใ็ใใใฎๅฝใงใฏใๅผ่ถใใใใใจใใซใฏใไฝใใใพใใใ |
| Jessi: So listeners, what special things do people do when they move in your country? Please let us know in the comment section. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Jessi: Let's take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. |
| Naomi: ็ไปใใ [natural native speed] |
| Jessi: to get done with, to tidy up |
| Naomi: ็ไปใใ [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Naomi: ็ไปใใ [natural native speed] |
| Naomi: ๅๅ ใใ [natural native speed] |
| Jessi: to join, participate in, attend |
| Naomi: ๅๅ ใใ [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Naomi: ๅๅ ใใ [natural native speed] |
| Yuichi: ้ใ [natural native speed] |
| Jessi: to throw (a party) |
| Yuichi: ้ใ [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Yuichi: ้ใ [natural native speed] |
| VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE |
| Jessi: Let's have a closer look at the usage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson. |
| Jessi: The first word is? |
| Naomi: ็ไปใใ |
| Jessi: to tidy up, to finish up |
| Yuichi: ใ็ไปใใใใซใฏใใตใใคๆๅณใใใใพใใใฒใจใคใฏใใใฎใใใพใใใจใงใใ |
| Jessi: ็ไปใใ has two meanings. One is "to tidy up" |
| Yuichi: ไพใใฐใๆบใฎไธใซใๆผซ็ปใ๏ผค๏ผถ๏ผคใใ็ฟใ็ดใ้็ญใใ่ๅญใใใใฆใซใใณใใใใพใใ |
| Naomi: ๆฑใใงใใใญใ |
| Yuichi: ใงใใใผใใ็ฝฎใใชใใฎใงใๅๅผทใงใใพใใใ |
| Jessi: Let's say you have a bunch of stuff on your desk and you have |
| no place to put your notebook. What do you do? |
| Naomi: ใใใใใๆบใฎไธใ็ไปใใพใใ ๏ผI'll tidy up the desk.๏ผ |
| Yuichi: ใงใใใจใใใใฒใจใคใฎๆๅณใฏใ็ตใใใใ(to finish)ใจใใๆๅณใงใใ |
| Jessi: The other meaning of ็ไปใใ is "to finish" |
| Yuichi: ๅฎใฏใไปๅใฎใใคใขใญใผใฐใฎใ็ไปใใใใฏใ็ตใใใใใใจใใๆๅณใงใใใ็ด็พใใใไพๆใใ้กใใใพใใ |
| Naomi: ไปๆฅไธญใซใไปไบใ็ไปใใใใใ |
| Jessi: I want to finish up my work by the end of today.ใไปๆฅไธญใซไปไบใ็ตใใใใใใใๅใๆๅณใงใใญใ |
| Naomi: ใใใงใใญใไปไบใ็ไปใใใใไปไบใ็ตใใใใใใwant to finish up my work.ๅใๆๅณใงใใ |
| Yuichi: ใใใใๆฌกใฎๅ่ชใใ้กใใใพใใ |
| Naomi: ๅๅ ใใ |
| Jessi: to join, to participate in |
| Naomi: ใใใผใใฃใผใซ่กใใใจใใใใใผใใฃใณใฐใซๅบใใใจใใใใใผใใฃใผใซๅๅ ใใใใใใผใใฃใณใฐใซๅๅ ใใใใจ่จใฃใฆใใชใใฑใผใงใใใงใใๅๅ ใใใฎๆนใใformalใชๆใใใใพใใใญใ |
| Yuichi: ใใใงใใญใๆผขๅญใไฝฟใฃใฆใใพใใใใญใ |
| Naomi: ใใใงใใญใใใใใ็ฅไธใใใไพๆใใ้กใใใพใใ |
| Yuichi: ๆฑไบฌใใฉใฝใณใซๅๅ ใใใใ |
| Jessi: I want to participate in the Tokyo Marathon. |
| Naomi: ใ๏ผใใณใ๏ผ็ฅไธใใใ |
| Jessi: Really? ใใใ็ด็พใใใไธ็ทใซใๅฟๆด่กใใพใใใใ |
| Naomi: ใใใงใใญใผใ |
| Yuichi: ใใใใ |
| Naomi: ใปใใจ่ตฐใใฎ๏ผ |
| Yuichi: ไบไบบใจใๅฟๆดใใชใใงใใฟใใชใงไธไบบใงใๆฑไบฌใใฉใฝใณใซๅๅ ใใพใใใ๏ผ |
| Jessi: ใกใใฃใจ็ก็ใงใใญใ๏ผ็ฌ๏ผ |
| Yuichi: ๅๅ ใใพใใใใใๅๅ ใใพใใใใ |
| Naomi: ็งใกใใฃใจไปไบใโฆ๏ผไธๅ็ฌ๏ผใธใงใทใผใ็งใใกๅฟใใใใใญใ |
| Jessi: ใใใงใใใญใ |
| Naomi: ้ ๅผตใฃใฆใ |
| Yuichi: ใใใไธไบบใงๅๅ ใใพใใ๏ผ็ฌ๏ผ |
| Naomi: ๅฟๆดใซ่กใใพใใ |
| Yuichi: ใใใๆฌกใฎๅ่ชใฏใ ้ใใ |
| Jessi: to open, to throw, as in to throw a party |
| Naomi: Lower Intermediateใฎใชในใใผใฎ็ใใใฏใ้ใใใto open ใจใใๆๅณใชใฎใฏใๅคๅ็ฅใฃใฆใใใจๆใใใงใใญใ |
| Jessi: So if you've been listening to these lower Intermediate lessons, you're probably already familiar with the word ้ใ meaning "to open" |
| Naomi: ไพใใฐใๆญฏๅป่
ใใdentistใชใใใงใ |
| Yuichi: ๅฃใ้ใใฆใใ ใใ |
| Jessi: Please open your mouth |
| Naomi: ใใใใ่จใใใพใใญใ |
| Jessi: You often hear this at the dentist's office. |
| Naomi: ใงใใไปๅใฎใใคใขใญใฐใงใฏ ใ้ใใใฏใใใผใใฃใผใใใใใคใใณใใ่กใใใจใใๆๅณใงใใใญใ |
| Yuichi: ใใขใopenใใใฎใงใใฟใชใใใใผใใฃใผใซๆฅใฆไธใใใจใใๆๅณใงใใญใ |
| Naomi: ใใผใ่ณขใ๏ผใใใใใใจใใ |
| Jessi: So when you throw a party or 'ใใผใใฃใผใ้ใ', you open the door and welcome the guests. That's why this verb,ใ้ใ or to open is used. ไพๆใใ้กใใใพใใ |
| Yuichi: ใใผใใฃใณใฐใ้ใใ |
| Jessi: We hold a meeting. |
| Naomi: ใใฃใใฎใๅๅ ใใ to joinใใไฝฟใฃใฆใใใใงใใญใไพใใฐใ |
| ๏ผๆใใใใผใใฃใณใฐใ้ใใฎใงใๅๅ ใใฆใใ ใใใ |
| Jessi: We're going to have a meeting at 3, so please attend. |
Lesson focus
|
| Jessi: In this lesson and the next lesson, we will learn about embedded questions. So first, let me explain what embedded questions are. Embedded questions are questions within another statement or question. In English, sentences like.."I don't know who's coming" or "Can you tell me what time it is?" are embedded questions. Let's look at the first one. "I don't know who's coming" - we saw this in the dialogue. We have a full question; "who's coming?" embedded inside the statement. |
| Now, how do you say "I don't know who's coming?" in Japanese? That's what we're going to learn. In this lesson we'll focus on embedded WH-questions, and in lesson 15, we'll focus on embedded yes-no questions. |
| Naomi: ใใใ"I don't know who's coming" ใๆๅใซ่ฆใฆใฟใพใใใใ |
| Jessi: First, let's think of the WH-question. It is... |
| Yuichi: ่ชฐใๆฅใ? (Who's coming?) |
| Jessi: And then you addใ-ใto it. ่ชฐใๆฅใใใAnd then you put it inside the phrase "I don't know". |
| Yuichi: ็งใฏๅใใใชใใ |
| Jessi: So how do you insert ่ชฐใๆฅใใ in that phrase? |
| Yuichi: ็งใฏ่ชฐใๆฅใใๅใใใชใใ |
| Jessi: "I don't know who's coming" Note that the verb that comes before ใ has to be in the informal form.ใๆฅใ. Okay, let's look at another example. |
| How do you say "I don't know which is cheap" in Japanese? |
| Yuichi: ็งใฏใฉใใๅฎใใๅใใใชใใ |
| Naomi: So the WH-question is ใฉใใๅฎใ? And then we add ใ. |
| Jessi: And we put that question inside the sentence; ็งใฏๅใใใชใใ |
| Naomi: That becomes ็งใฏใใฉใใๅฎใใๅใใใชใใ |
| Jessi: So did you notice where we put the question? Right in between ็งใฏ"I" and ใใใใชใ "don't know". And remember - you don't always need to say ็งใฏ - it can sound unnatural if you use it too much. So let's practice some sentences without it. How do you say, "I don't know what time it is." |
| Yuichi: ไฝๆใใใใใชใใ |
| Jessi: Let's use a different verb instead of the verb "ใใใใชใ" How about "I'll ask who's coming." |
| Naomi: ่ชฐใๆฅใใใใ |
| Yuichi: or ่ชฐใๆฅใใใใใญใ |
| Jessi: How about "I'll check which is cheap" |
| Yuichi: ใฉใใๅฎใใ่ชฟในใใ |
| Naomi: ใฉใใงใใใใใไปๅใฎใ่ฉฑใฏใใผใใฃใผใซใคใใฆใงใใใใใใใใใผใใฃใผใใใใชใใใฉใใงใใผใใฃใผใใใใใงใใใ |
| Jessi: ในใใคใณๆ็ใๅฅฝใใชใฎใงใในใใคใณๆ็ใใใๅบใใใใงใใ |
| Naomi: ใใใงใใญใ |
| Yuichi: ใใใงใใญใใใใใๅใใใฉใใงในใใคใณๆ็ใ้ฃในใใใใ่ชฟในใพใใญ๏ผ |
| Jessi: Yay, Yuichi says he'll look up a restaurant where we can have Spanish food. |
| Naomi: ใ้กใใใใผในใ |
| Jessi: ๆฅฝใใฟใงใใ |
| Naomi: ใใใใใฎใฌใในใณใฏใใฎ่พบใงใ |
| Yuichi: ใใใกใใฃใจใๅพ
ใฃใฆใใ ใใใ |
| Naomi: ใฏใใฏใใ |
| Yuichi: ๅใฏใใชในใใผใฎใฟใชใใใใใใคใฌใในใณใ่ใใฆใใใ็ฅใใใใงใใญใ |
| Jessi: ็งใฏใ็ใใใใไฝๅ่ใใฆใใใฎใใซ่ๅณใใใใพใใญใ |
| Naomi: ใใฃใใฌใในใณใใไฝๅ่ใใฆใใใฎใ๏ผใฃใฆใใจใงใใ๏ผ |
| Jessi: ใใใงใใญใ1ๅใ2ๅใ |
| Naomi: 10ๅใ |
| Jessi: ใใใงใใญใ๏ผไธๅ็ฌ๏ผ |
| Yuichi: ใใใงใใญใใชใฎใงใใฟใชใใใณใกใณใใซใใใคใฌใในใณใ่ใใฆใใใใไฝๅ่ใใฆใใใๆใใฆใใ ใใใ |
| Jessi: So please post a comment about when and how many times you listen to a lesson. |
| Yuichi: ใใจใใฉใใง่ใใฆใใใฎใใ็ฅใใใใงใใญใ |
| Jessi: And also - where you listen. |
| Naomi: ใใใใใใใพใใ |
| Yuichi: ใใใใชใใ |
| Jessi: Bye. |
| DIALOGUE |
| ็ดๅญ:่ชฐใๆฅใใๅใใใชใใใ ใใญใ |
| ็ดๅญ:ใใผใฟใผใใใฎๅผ่ถใใใผใใฃใผ่กใ๏ผ |
| ็ฅไบ:ใฏใใใใผใฟใผใใใฎๆฐใใๆฐๅฑ
่ฆใฆใฟใใใงใใญใ |
| ใธใงใใผ:็งใๅๅ ใใพใใ่ชฐใๆฅใใใงใใใ |
| ็ดๅญ:่ชฐใๆฅใใๅใใใชใใใ ใใญใ |
| : ใใค้ใใใใพใ ๆฑบใใฆใชใใฟใใใ |
| ็ฅไบ:ใใใๅใใใผใฟใผใใใซใกใใฃใจ่ใใฆใฟใพใใ |
| ็ฅไบ:ใใผใฟใผใใใใใคๅผ่ถใใใผใใฃใผใใใใๆฑบใใพใใใใ |
| ใใผใฟใผ:ๆฅ้ฑใฎ้ๆใฎๅคๆนใซใใใคใใใใฟใใชใๆฅใใ๏ผ |
| ็ฅไบ:่กใใพใใใ |
| ใธใงใใผ:็งใฏใไปไบใ็ไปใใฆใใใ่กใใพใใ |
| ็ดๅญ:็งใไปไบใไฝๆใซ็ตใใใใใใใชใใใฉใใใถใ่กใใพใใ |
| ๏ผใใผใใฃใผใฎๅใฎๆฅ๏ผ |
| ็ฅไบ:็ดๅญใใใๆๆฅใฎใใผใใฃใผใซไฝใๆใฃใฆใใใๆฑบใใพใใ๏ผ |
| ็ดๅญ:ใใปใปใปใพใ ใใใใ ใใฟใใชใงๅผ่ถใใฎใใฌใผใณใไธ็ทใซ่ฒทใใชใ๏ผ |
| ใธใงใใผ:ใใใงใใญใใใฌใผใณใไฝใซใใใ่ใใพใใใใ |
Comments
Hide