| INTRODUCTION |
| Yuichi: ็ฅไธใงใใ |
| Naomi: ใชใใฟใงใใ |
| Jessi: Jessi here. What did you expect? |
| Naomi: ไปๆฅใฏใๆขๅตใฎ่ฉฑใฎใทใชใผใบใฎๆๅพใงใใญใ |
| Yuichi: ไปๆฅใฏใใญใใใใจๆขๅตใฏๅบใฆใใพใใใใญใใใใจๆขๅตใฎใใฉใใ่ฆใไบไบบใ่ฉฑใใฆใใพใใ |
| Jessi: So this time Kimi-san and the detective are not in today's dialog. Instead two people who watched the drama will be talking about what they saw. |
| Yuichi: ใใฎไบไบบใฏใซใใใซใงใชใใณใฐใง่ฉฑใใใฆใใใใใงใใใซใใใซๅๅฃซใชใฎใงใใซใธใฅใขใซใชไผ่ฉฑใงใใ |
| Jessi: The conversation takes place in a living room between a couple, Mari and Hiroki. Because they are a couple, they will be speaking informally. |
| Naomi: ไปๆฅใฎใฎๆๆณใฎใใคใณใใฏไฝใงใใใ๏ผ |
| Yuichi: ใฏใใ ใ as inใๅใ็ฏไบบใฎใฏใใ ใ |
| Jessi: You must be the culprit. In this lesson, you will learn how to express your expectations. |
| Yuichi: ใใใงใฏ่ใใฆใฟใพใใใใ |
| DIALOGUE |
| ใใใผใณ๏ผใใฌใใฎ้ปๆบใๅใใ้ณ๏ผ |
| ไฝ่ค็็:ใใฎๆจ็ใใฉใๅพฎๅฆใช่ฉฑใ ใชใใ |
| : ใใใใ็ตๆซใฏๆฅ้ฑ๏ผ |
| : ็งใฏใ้ณฅใ็ฏไบบใ ใจๆใใชใ |
| ๅฑฑ็ฐๅบๆจน:ใใใใชใ้ณฅใ้ฆ้ฏใใใใใใใใฏใใใชใใใ |
| : ใใฃใฑใใไบบ้ใ็ฏไบบใฎใฏใใ ใใ |
| ไฝ่ค็็:็ขบใใซใ้ฆ้ฏใฃใฆๆฌๅฝใซ้ซใใใ็ฏไบบใฏใ็ใใ ้ฆ้ฏใใใใใชใผใฏใทใงใณใงๅฃฒใใใใใใชใใใญใ |
| ๅฑฑ็ฐๅบๆจน:ใใใใใ็ฏไบบใฏใ้ฆ้ฏใใฉใใใงๅฃฒใใฏใใ ใใ |
| : ใ ใใใ็ฏไบบใใฉใใงๅฃฒใใใๆขใใฆใ้ฎๆใใใฐใใใจๆใใ |
| ไฝ่ค็็:ใงใใ็ฏไบบใฏใใใใช็ฐกๅใซๅฃฒใใชใใฏใใใญใ |
| : ใใๅฃฒใใจใใฐใใกใใใ ใใใใ |
| ๅฑฑ็ฐๅบๆจน:ใฏใฏใฃใใใใ ใชใใใใช้ๆใใช็ฏไบบใใชใใใชใ |
| : ใใจใๅพณๅทใญใใฃใฆใใฐใใใใใใใๆขๅตใซ้ ผใๅฟ
่ฆใชใใฃใใญใ |
| ไฝ่ค็็:ใใฎใใฐใใใฏใไธไบบใงใใใฎไบไปถใ่งฃๆฑบใงใใใฏใใ ใใญใ |
| ไปๅบฆใฏ่ฑ่ชใๅ
ฅใใพใใ |
| ใใใผใณ๏ผใใฌใใฎ้ปๆบใๅใใ้ณ๏ผ |
| Click (the sound of a TV going off) |
| ไฝ่ค็็:ใใฎๆจ็ใใฉใๅพฎๅฆใช่ฉฑใ ใชใใ |
| English: The story on this detective drama is kind of lame. |
| : ใใใใ็ตๆซใฏๆฅ้ฑ๏ผ |
| And theyโre putting off the ending until next week? |
| : ็งใฏใ้ณฅใ็ฏไบบใ ใจๆใใชใ |
| I think a bird did it. |
| ๅฑฑ็ฐๅบๆจน:ใใใใชใ้ณฅใ้ฆ้ฏใใใใใใใใฏใใใชใใใ |
| English: Really? But a bird couldnโt hold a whole colored carp. |
| : ใใฃใฑใใไบบ้ใ็ฏไบบใฎใฏใใ ใใ |
| I think a human must have done it after all. |
| ไฝ่ค็็:็ขบใใซใ้ฆ้ฏใฃใฆๆฌๅฝใซ้ซใใใ็ฏไบบใฏใ็ใใ ้ฆ้ฏใใใใใชใผใฏใทใงใณใงๅฃฒใใใใใใชใใใญใ |
| English: Well, it is true that colored carp are really expensive. The culprit might want to sell the stolen carp on an Internet auction. |
| ๅฑฑ็ฐๅบๆจน:ใใใใใ็ฏไบบใฏใ้ฆ้ฏใใฉใใใงๅฃฒใใฏใใ ใใ |
| English: Yeah, they probably just want to sell the carp somewhere. |
| : ใ ใใใ็ฏไบบใใฉใใงๅฃฒใใใๆขใใฆใ้ฎๆใใใฐใใใจๆใใ |
| I think they just need to find out where this criminal is planning to sell them and arrest him. |
| ไฝ่ค็็:ใงใใ็ฏไบบใฏใใใใช็ฐกๅใซๅฃฒใใชใใฏใใใญใ |
| English: But the culprit couldnโt sell them that easily. |
| : ใใๅฃฒใใจใใฐใใกใใใ ใใใใ |
| If he tries to do it too soon, he might get caught. |
| ๅฑฑ็ฐๅบๆจน:ใฏใฏใฃใใใใ ใชใใใใช้ๆใใช็ฏไบบใใชใใใชใ |
| English: Haha, youโre right. No criminal is that stupid. |
| : ใใจใๅพณๅทใญใใฃใฆใใฐใใใใใใใๆขๅตใซ้ ผใๅฟ
่ฆใชใใฃใใญใ |
| But it does seem like Kimi Tokugawa didnโt really need to go out of her way to hire a detective. |
| ไฝ่ค็็:ใใฎใใฐใใใฏใไธไบบใงใใใฎไบไปถใ่งฃๆฑบใงใใใฏใใ ใใญใ |
| English: Looks like the old lady could have solved the case all by herself. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Yuichi: ไปๅใใใๆขๅตใฎ่ฉฑใใฎๆๅพใงใใใใฟใชใใใๆจ็ใใฆใฟใฆใใ ใใใ |
| Jessi: This is the final episode of the detective story. Everyone please try and guess who the culprit is. |
| Yuichi: ็็ใจๅบๆจนใ็ฏไบบใๆจ็ใใฆใใพใใใใญใ |
| Jessi: Yeah, thatโs right. So Mari and Hiroki were trying to guess the culprit. |
| Naomi: ใใใใชใใจ่จใฃใฆใใพใใใใญใ็ฏไบบใฏ้ณฅใ ใใใใจใไบบ้ใ ใใใใจใใงใใญใ |
| Yuichi: ใใใงใใญใใ้ฆ้ฏใใใใใชใผใฏใทใงใณใงๅฃฒใใใใใใชใใใญใใใจ็็ใฏ่จใฃใฆใใพใใใใกใชใฟใซใใใใใชใผใฏใทใงใณใฏใใคใณใฟใผใใใใชใผใฏใทใงใณใฎ็ฅใงใใใใใคใณใฟใผใใใใใใใใฃใฆ่จใใพใใใญใใใใฏใ่ฑ่ชใงใไธ็ทใงใใใญใ |
| Jessi: Thatโs right. We use 'net' all the time, as in 'surf the net'. |
| Naomi: ๆฅๆฌ่ชใงใใใใใใตใผใใฃใณใใใใฃใฆใใใพใใใใญใ |
| Yuichi: ๅ่ชฟในใใใงใใใฉใๅฎ้ใซใ้ฆ้ฏใฏใใใใง่ฒทใใใฟใใใงใใใ |
| Jessi: ใธใผใ So, they actually sell colored carp through internet auctions. |
| Yuichi: ใฏใใ |
| Jessi: ใใใใงใใญใ |
| Naomi: ใญใผใไธๆ่ญฐใ |
| Jessi: ใใใงใใญใไธๆ่ญฐใชๆใใใใพใใญใ |
| Naomi: ็ใใฆใใใงใใ๏ผ |
| Yuichi: ใใฃใใใกใใ๏ผ็ฌ๏ผใใกใใใใใใงใใใใฏใใ้
้ใงๅฑใใใงใใใญใ |
| Jessi &Naomi: ใธใผใ |
| Yuichi: ไฝใงใ่ฒทใใๆไปฃใงใใญใ |
| Jessi: ใใใงใใญใ |
| Naomi: ไธๆ่ญฐใ |
| Jessi: ใไบไบบใซ่ใใพใใใฉใใใใใชใผใฏใทใงใณใฃใฆใใพใใใDo you ever use internet auctions? |
| Naomi: ็งใฏใใชใใงใใญใใกใใฃใจๆใใฎใงใ |
| Jessi: ใชใใปใฉใใใใ็ฅไธใใใ |
| Yuichi: ๅใใใชใใงใใญใใชใผใฏใทใงใณใฏใใงใใใคใณใฟใผใใใใงๆฌใจใใๆณจๆใใพใใ |
| Naomi: ใใฃใAmazonใญใ |
| Jessi: ใใใงใใญใไพฟๅฉใงใใญใ |
| Yuichi: ใฏใใ |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Jessi: Let's take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. |
| Yuichi: ๆๅใฎๅ่ชใฏใๅพฎๅฆ [natural native speed] |
| Jessi: subtle, difficult, questionable |
| Yuichi: ๅพฎๅฆ [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Yuichi: ๅพฎๅฆ [natural native speed] |
| Jessi : The next word is: |
| Naomi: ใฐใใ [natural native speed] |
| Jessi: to leak out (a secret), to be exposed |
| Naomi: ใฐใใ [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Naomi: ใฐใใ [natural native speed] |
| Jessi: The next word is : |
| Yuichi: ็ตๆซ [natural native speed] |
| Jessi: end, conclusion |
| Yuichi: ็ตๆซ [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Yuichi: ็ตๆซ [natural native speed] |
| Jessi: Next is : |
| Naomi: ้ฎๆใใ [natural native speed] |
| Jessi: to arrest |
| Naomi: ้ฎๆใใ [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Naomi: ้ฎๆใใ [natural native speed] |
| Jessi: The next word is: |
| Yuichi: ้ๆใ [natural native speed] |
| Jessi: idiot |
| Yuichi: ้ๆใ [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Yuichi: ้ๆใ [natural native speed] |
| VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE |
| Jessi: Let's have a closer look at the usage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson. |
| Yuichi: The first word is ๅพฎๅฆใ |
| Jessi: subtle, difficult, questionable |
| Yuichi: ใใคใขใญใฐใงใฏใใใใฎๆจ็ใใฉใๅพฎๅฆใช่ฉฑใใ ใชใใใใจใไฝฟใใใฆใใพใใใ๏ผThe story on this detective drama is kind of lame.๏ผใใฎใใใซใใใใชใใใจใใๆๅณใงไฝฟใใใใใจใๅคใใงใใใใจใใจๅพฎๅฆใฏใsubtleใฎๆๅณใ ใฃใใใงใใใฉใญใ |
| Jessi: ๅพฎๅฆ literally means subtle, or delicate, but it also is used when you want to express the idea that while something isn't bad, it isn't good either. Kind of like "questionable" or "iffy". |
| Naomi: When you don't want to be so direct, but still want to express that you are not quite satisfied, ๅพฎๅฆis a good word to use, I think. ใใจใใฐใ็ใใใฏใๆ่ฟๅพฎๅฆใชใใฎใๅพฎๅฆใชใใจใใใใพใใใ๏ผไพใใฐใญใ็งใฏ้ง
ใ่ฆใซ่กใฃใใใงใใใใพใๅพฎๅฆใงใใใใพใ้ข็ฝใใชใใฏใชใใใฉใใใใ้ข็ฝใใฃใใจใใใใจใงใฏใชใใ |
| Yuichi: ๅใใใใฎใผใใใฎๅใๆ ็ปใฎDVDใ่ฆใใใงใใใฉใใกใใฃใจๅพฎๅฆใ ใฃใใใชใ |
| Naomi: ไฝใๅพฎๅฆ๏ผ |
| Yuichi: ในใใผใชใผใใ |
| Naomi: ในใใผใชใผใๅพฎๅฆใ |
| Yuichi: ใฏใใๅพฎๅฆใงใใใญใ |
| Naomi: ใใใใในใใผใชใผใๅฅฝใใใใชใใฃใใฃใฆใใๆๅณใงใใใญใ |
| Jessi: ใใใงใใญใใใผใใชใใปใฉใ็งใฏใใณใณใใใงใๆฐ็บๅฃฒใฎใใใในใ่ฒทใฃใฆใฟใใใงใใญใ |
| Naomi: ใใใใใใใ |
| Jessi: ใงใใใใใใใใใใ ใฃใใฎใซใๅพฎๅฆใงใใใ๏ผ็ฌ๏ผ |
| Yuichi: ใชใใปใฉใ |
| Jessi: ใใใใใพใใใญใ |
| Naomi: ใใใใใพใใญใ |
| Yuichi: ใใใพใ็พๅณใใใชใใฃใใฃใฆใใจใงใใญใ |
| Jessi: ใฏใใ |
| Naomi: ใใใช้ขจใซใๅพฎๅฆใฃใฆใใใฎใฏใๆฏๆฅไฝฟใ่จ่ใ ใจๆใใพใใญใ |
| Yuichi: ใใใไพฟๅฉใช่จ่ใชใฎใงใ |
| Jessi: ใใใงใใญใ |
| Yuichi: ใฏใใใฟใชใใใไฝฟใฃใฆใฟใฆใใ ใใใ |
| Naomi: ๆฌกใฎๅ่ชใฏใใฐใใใ๏ผto leak out (a secret), to be exposed๏ผ |
| ใใใใใถใใใ ใใ่กจ็พใงใใญใThis is a casual expression.formalใชๅ ด้ขใงใฏไฝฟใใชใใงใใ ใใใ |
| Jessi: ไพๆใใ้กใใใพใใCan we have sample sentences? |
| Yuichi: ใใใใฐใใใ๏ผThe lie was exposed.๏ผ ็งๅฏใใฐใใใ ๏ผThe secret is out.๏ผ |
| ๅนด้ฝขใใฐใใใ ๏ผMy age was revealed.๏ผ |
| Naomi: ใชใใงใญใๆๅพใฎๆใ ใ็งใฎ้ก่ฆใใฎใใใใใชใใงใใใฉใ๏ผ็ฌ๏ผ |
| Yuichi: ใกใใฃใจๅพฎๅฆใงใใใญใใใพใญใ๏ผ็ฌ๏ผใฏใใๆฌกใฎๅ่ชใ้กใใใพใใ |
| Naomi: ้ๆใ |
| Jessi: Idiot, dunce |
| Naomi: ้ means timing or rhythm ใงใๆใ ใฏto fall out ใจใ missingใจ่จใๆๅณใงใใญใใชใบใ ใใฟใคใใณใฐใๆชใไบบใฎใใจใใใจใใจใใใใใใงใใ |
| Jessi: So manuke originally describes a person who can't really keep up very well. |
| Naomi: ใใจใใฐใใฟใใชใงใๅคช้ผใๆผๅฅใใฆใใฆใไธไบบใ ใใๅคใชใจใใใงใๅคช้ผใใใณใจใใใใกใใใใใชไบบใงใใNot right for the occasionใฃใฆ่จใๆๅณใใใใใใใใชใใงใใญใ |
| Jessi: For example, at a taiko drum performance, everyone's in sync except for one person who is hitting the taiko at the wrong time. |
| Yuichi: ใงใไปใฏใใใใใๆๅณใฏใชใใงใใญใidiotใจใstupidใฎๆๅณใ ใใงใใJessi: A stupid comment |
| Naomi: ใพใใใซใจใใใขใใใใฏใใกใใฃใจใฝใใใชๆใใงใใใญใ |
| Jessi: ใใผใใใใชใใ ใ |
| Yuichi: ใใใงใใญใไพใใฐใ้ๆใใชใณใกใณใ(A stupid comment) |
| Naomi: ้ๆใใชไบบ |
| Jessi: an idiot |
| Naomi: ้ๆใใช่กๅ |
| Jessi: stupid behavior |
| Naomi: ใจใใ้ขจใซไฝฟใใพใใใใใซใจใใขใใใใฏใใใฃใฑใใญใๅฐใใฏๅผฑใใๅฏๆใๆใใใใพใใใงใฏใไพๆใ้กใใใพใใ |
| Yuichi: ๅฝผใฎ้ๆใใชใณใกใณใใซ็ฌใฃใฆใใพใฃใใ |
| Jessi: I laughed at the stupid comment he made. |
| Naomi: ้ๆใใจใใใฎใฏๅ่ฉnounใงใใใฉใna-adjectiveใซใใชใใพใใ |
| Jessi: Letโs move on to the grammar. |
| Naomi: ๆฌกใฏๆๆณใงใใ |
Lesson focus
|
| Jessi: The focus of this lesson is the word hazu, which is a noun used to indicate one's assumptions or expectations. It corresponds to "should be" or "ought to be" in English. |
| Hazu directly follows verbs and -i adjectives in informal form. |
| Yuichi: ็ฏไบบใฏใ้ฆ้ฏใใฉใใใงๅฃฒใใฏใใ ใใ.๏ผ"The culprit's probably going to sell the carp somewhere."๏ผใใใ็ดฐใใ่ฆใฆใใใพใใใใ |
| Jessi: ใใใใ "informal non past to sell " plus ใใฏใ ใ"should be" ใๅฃฒใใฏใใ ใใThey should be selling it or They'll probably sell it. Next, can we have "i-adjective plus ใฏใ " sentence? |
| Yuichi: ็ฏไบบใฏใ้ใๆฌฒใใใฏใใ ใ๏ผ"The culprit wants money."๏ผ |
| Jessi: ใๆฌฒใใใ "want" it's an i adjectiveใplus ใใฏใใใ"should be" ใๆฌฒใใใฏใใ ใso meaning โThey should be wanting. or They probably want.โ |
| Jessi: As for na adjectives and nouns, -na adjectives are followed by "na", and nouns followed by the particle "no.", because hazu functions as a noun. Any examples from the dialog that use a noun? |
| Yuichi: ไบบ้ใ็ฏไบบใใฎใใฏใใ ใใ.("I think a human must have done it after all. ") |
| Jessi: ็ฏไบบ is a noun, so it's followed by ใฎ. How about na-adjective plus ใฏใ? |
| Yuichi: ๅคใใใฎ่พบใฏ้ใใชใฏใใ ใใ(This place should be quiet at night.) |
| Jessi: ใใใใใชใใpre-nominal form of na adjective ใใใ meaning quiet plus ใใฏใใ should be ใ้ใใชใฏใใIt should be quiet. |
| Yuichi: ๅคใใฎ่พบใฏ้ใใชใฏใใ ใใ |
| Naomi: ใฌใในใณ๏ผใใ๏ผ๏ผใฏใใฃใจ้ฆ้ฏใฎ่ฉฑใงใใใญใใใใฆใๆๆณใฏๅฏ่ฝๆง probability possibility ใงใใใญใ ๏ผใใ๏ผ๏ผใงๅๅผทใใใใจใๅพฉ็ฟใใพใใใใใพใใใฌใในใณ๏ผใงใฏ ---ใใใใใชใ |
| Yuichi: ๆๆฅ้จใ้ใใใใใใชใ |
| Jessi: It might rain tomorrow. |
| Naomi: 40-60%ใใใใงใใใญใใ |
| Jessi: I think ใใใใใชใ is a pretty low possibility. |
| Naomi: ใฌใในใณ๏ผ๏ผใงใฏ---ใจๆใ |
| Yuichi: ๆๆฅใ้จใ้ใใจๆใใ |
| Jessi: I think it will rain tomorrow. You can express your opinion with "ใจๆใใ" |
| Naomi: ใฌใในใณ๏ผ๏ผใงใฏใ---ใ ใใ |
| Yuichi: ๆๆฅ้จใ้ใใ ใใใ |
| Jessi: It will probably rain tomorrow. |
| Naomi: ใใใฏใๅคๅใในใใผใซใผใฏใใกใใฃใจใชใตใผใใใใฆใใพใใญใใงใใใฎ็ตๆใ้จใ้ใใจ่ใใฆใใใๅคๅใ70%ใใ90%ใใใใงใใใญใ |
| Jessi: ใ ใใ can indicate relatively higher probability |
| Naomi: ็ตๆงใ้ซใใงใใใญใผใ |
| Yuichi: ใใใงใใญใ |
| Naomi: ใใใฆใใฎใฌใในใณ๏ผ๏ผใงใฏ--ใฎใฏใใ |
| Yuichi: ๆๆฅ้จใ้ใใฏใใ ใ |
| Jessi: It should rain tomorrow. |
| Naomi: ใปใจใใฉ้้ใใชใใจๆใฃใฆใใๆใใงใใใญใ |
| Jessi: So ใฏใ indicates what you are assuming your assumptions. |
| Naomi: ไพใใฐใๆฌกใฎใตใใซใผใฎใฏใผใซใใซใใใฏใใคใฎใชในใๅชๅใใใ ใใใใ |
| Jessi: England will probably win the World Cup. |
| Yuichi: ใใใใใฉใธใซใๅชๅใใใฏใใงใใใ |
| Jessi: No, Brazil's gotta win. |
| Naomi: ใใใใใงใใใใฉใณในใๅชๅใใใใใใใชใใ |
| Jessi: Or maybe France will win. |
| Jessi: ็งใฏใใคใฟใชใขใๅชๅใใใจๆใใพใใI think Italy will win. |
| Yuichi: ใพใใใใใ้ขจใซ็ใใใใ่ชๅใฎๆ่ฆใ่จใใจใใซไฝฟใฃใฆใใ ใใใใใใงใฏใพใใ |
| Naomi: ใใใใพใใ |
| Jessi: See you next time. |
| DIALOGUE |
| ใใใผใณ๏ผใใฌใใฎ้ปๆบใๅใใ้ณ๏ผ |
| ไฝ่ค็็:ใใฎๆจ็ใใฉใๅพฎๅฆใช่ฉฑใ ใชใใ |
| : ใใใใ็ตๆซใฏๆฅ้ฑ๏ผ |
| : ็งใฏใ้ณฅใ็ฏไบบใ ใจๆใใชใ |
| ๅฑฑ็ฐๅบๆจน:ใใใใชใ้ณฅใ้ฆ้ฏใใใใใใใใฏใใใชใใใ |
| : ใใฃใฑใใไบบ้ใ็ฏไบบใฎใฏใใ ใใ |
| ไฝ่ค็็:็ขบใใซใ้ฆ้ฏใฃใฆๆฌๅฝใซ้ซใใใ็ฏไบบใฏใ็ใใ ้ฆ้ฏใใใใใชใผใฏใทใงใณใงๅฃฒใใใใใใชใใใญใ |
| ๅฑฑ็ฐๅบๆจน:ใใใใใ็ฏไบบใฏใ้ฆ้ฏใใฉใใใงๅฃฒใใฏใใ ใใ |
| : ใ ใใใ็ฏไบบใใฉใใงๅฃฒใใใๆขใใฆใ้ฎๆใใใฐใใใจๆใใ |
| ไฝ่ค็็:ใงใใ็ฏไบบใฏใใใใช็ฐกๅใซๅฃฒใใชใใฏใใใญใ |
| : ใใๅฃฒใใจใใฐใใกใใใ ใใใใ |
| ๅฑฑ็ฐๅบๆจน:ใฏใฏใฃใใใใ ใชใใใใช้ๆใใช็ฏไบบใใชใใใชใ |
| : ใใจใๅพณๅทใญใใฃใฆใใฐใใใใใใใๆขๅตใซ้ ผใๅฟ
่ฆใชใใฃใใญใ |
| ไฝ่ค็็:ใใฎใใฐใใใฏใไธไบบใงใใใฎไบไปถใ่งฃๆฑบใงใใใฏใใ ใใญใ |
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