Learn about using the passive voice to indicate that something is sent or presented by someone
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Naomi: ใใชใใงใใ |
| Yuichi: ใฆใฆใคใใงใใ |
| Peter: Peter here. Japanese that Gets You in on The Action. |
| Naomi: ใๆญณๆฎใฎๆๅพใฎใฌใในใณใงใใญใใฆใฆใคใใใใไปใพใงใฎในใใผใชใผใใ้กใใใพใใ |
| Yuichi: ใฏใใๅ ้ฑใฏๆ้ใใใจๅๅฃ้จ้ทใ่ฉฑใใฆใใพใใใใใฎใจใใซๅๅฃ้จ้ทใฏใๆญณๆฎใๅซใใ ใจ่จใฃใฆใใพใใใไปๆฅใฎไผ่ฉฑใฏใใใฎ1้ฑ้ๅพใฎไผ่ฉฑใงใใ |
| Naomi: ๆ้ใใใฏไบๅณใใใซๆญฃใใๆ ๅ ฑใไผใใใใงใใใใใญใ I wonder if Mr. Hoshino told Mr. Gomi the correct information. |
| Peter: So in the previous lesson, Mr. Sakaguchi told Mr. Hoshino that he doesnโt like the Japanese custom of ใๆญณๆฎ sending presents at the end of the year. Todayโs conversation takes place a week after the previous conversation. |
| Yuichi: ไปๅใฏๅใ่บซใฎใฌใในใณใฎๆๅพใงใใ |
| Peter: Todayโs lesson, again we are focusing on the passive. |
| Naomi: ใงใฏใในใใผใชใผใ่ใใฆใใ ใใใ |
| DIALOGUE |
| ๅฆป: ใใชใ๏ฝใไบๅณใใใใใๆญณๆฎใ่ดใใใฆใใพใใใใ |
| ๅๅฃ้จ้ท: ใ๏ผใๆญณๆฎ๏ผใใใคใใ๏ผใฌใตใฌใต๏ผๅ ใฟใ้ใใ๏ผใใใชใซใ้ซใใใฎใใปใปใปใใไบๅณใฏใ็งใฎๆงๆ ผใใใใฃใฆใใชใใชใ่ฟทๆใ ใจๆใใใใใจใใใใใชใใฃใใฎใใใพใฃใใใใใใใใ |
| ไบๅณ: ๆ้ๅ ่ผฉ๏ผใใฎ้ใฏใใใใจใใใใใพใใใใใๅ ่ผฉใฎใขใใใคในใฉใใใ่ถ ้ซ็ดใใซใผใ่ฉฐใๅใใใ่ดใใพใใใ |
| ๆ้: ใใใใ |
| ไบๅณ: ใงใใๆ่ฟใ้จ้ทใซ็ก่ฆใใใใใงใใใญใใใใใใซใใ็คผใ่จใใใชใใใงใใใใใใชใใงใ ใใใชใใพใ ใใๆญณๆฎใๅฑใใฆใชใใใงใใใญใ |
| ๆ้: ใพใใๆฐใซใใใชใใๅๅฃ้จ้ทใใ็คผใ่จใๅฟใใฆใใ ใใ ใใ |
| ไบๅณ: ใใใงใใใญใ้ฃฒใฟใซใ่ชใใใชใใใงใใใฉใ |
| ๆ้๏ผ็ฌใ่จ๏ผ: ใธใธใใใๆฐๅณใ ๏ผ |
| ใใไธๅบฆใ้กใใใพใใไปๅบฆใฏใใฃใใใ้กใใใพใใ |
| ๅฆป: ใใชใ๏ฝใไบๅณใใใใใๆญณๆฎใ่ดใใใฆใใพใใใใ |
| ๅๅฃ้จ้ท: ใ๏ผใๆญณๆฎ๏ผใใใคใใ๏ผใฌใตใฌใต๏ผๅ ใฟใ้ใใ๏ผใใใชใซใ้ซใใใฎใใปใปใปใใไบๅณใฏใ็งใฎๆงๆ ผใใใใฃใฆใใชใใชใ่ฟทๆใ ใจๆใใใใใจใใใใใชใใฃใใฎใใใพใฃใใใใใใใใ |
| ไบๅณ: ๆ้ๅ ่ผฉ๏ผใใฎ้ใฏใใใใจใใใใใพใใใใใๅ ่ผฉใฎใขใใใคในใฉใใใ่ถ ้ซ็ดใใซใผใ่ฉฐใๅใใใ่ดใใพใใใ |
| ๆ้: ใใใใ |
| ไบๅณ: ใงใใๆ่ฟใ้จ้ทใซ็ก่ฆใใใใใงใใใญใใใใใใซใใ็คผใ่จใใใชใใใงใใใใใใชใใงใ ใใใชใใพใ ใใๆญณๆฎใๅฑใใฆใชใใใงใใใญใ |
| ๆ้: ใพใใๆฐใซใใใชใใๅๅฃ้จ้ทใใ็คผใ่จใๅฟใใฆใใ ใใ ใใ |
| ไบๅณ: ใใใงใใใญใ้ฃฒใฟใซใ่ชใใใชใใใงใใใฉใ |
| ๆ้๏ผ็ฌใ่จ๏ผ: ใธใธใใใๆฐๅณใ ๏ผ |
| ไปๅบฆใฏใ่ฑ่ชใๅ ฅใใพใใ |
| ๅฆป: ใใชใ๏ฝใไบๅณใใใใใๆญณๆฎใ่ดใใใฆใใพใใใใ |
| WIFE: Honeyโฆ you got a present here from Mr. Gomi. |
| ๅๅฃ้จ้ท: ใ๏ผใๆญณๆฎ๏ผใใใคใใ๏ผใฌใตใฌใต๏ผๅ ใฟใ้ใใ๏ผใใใชใซใ้ซใใใฎใใปใปใปใใไบๅณใฏใ็งใฎๆงๆ ผใใใใฃใฆใใชใใชใ่ฟทๆใ ใจๆใใใใใจใใใใใชใใฃใใฎใใใพใฃใใใใใใใใ |
| MR. SAKAGUCHI: A year-end present (fuming)? That darned Gomi. (opens the package) He sent, this expensive.... That Gomi doesn't understand my personality one bit. Doesn't he understand what a bother this is to me? This is ridiculous. |
| ไบๅณ: ๆ้ๅ ่ผฉ๏ผใใฎ้ใฏใใใใจใใใใใพใใใใใๅ ่ผฉใฎใขใใใคในใฉใใใ่ถ ้ซ็ดใใซใผใ่ฉฐใๅใใใ่ดใใพใใใ |
| GOMI: Hoshino! Thank you for the other day...I sent a luxury fruit basket like you recommended. |
| ๆ้: ใใใใ |
| HOSHINO: Oh yeah? |
| ไบๅณ: ใงใใๆ่ฟใ้จ้ทใซ็ก่ฆใใใใใงใใใญใใใใใใซใใ็คผใ่จใใใชใใใงใใใใใใชใใงใ ใใใชใใพใ ใใๆญณๆฎใๅฑใใฆใชใใใงใใใญใ |
| GOMI: But, recently, Mr. Sakaguchi has been ignoring me...and he hasn't even thanked me...I wonder why. Has the present not arrived yet? |
| ๆ้: ใพใใๆฐใซใใใชใใๅๅฃ้จ้ทใใ็คผใ่จใๅฟใใฆใใ ใใ ใใ |
| HOSHINO: Don't worry about it. Mr. Sakaguchi probably just forgot to say thanks. |
| ไบๅณ: ใใใงใใใญใ้ฃฒใฟใซใ่ชใใใชใใใงใใใฉใ |
| GOMI: I wonder. He hasnโt even invited me out for a drink. |
| ๆ้๏ผ็ฌใ่จ๏ผ: ใธใธใใใๆฐๅณใ ๏ผ |
| HOSHINO: (to himself) Hehe, serves you right! |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Naomi: ใใใใงใใญใ็ฎใซใฏ็ฎใใๆญฏใซใฏๆญฏใใฃใฆใใๆใใงใใใญใ |
| Peter: An eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth. |
| Yuichi: ไป่ฟใใงใใญใ |
| Naomi: Revenge. |
| Peter: ใใผใใใฒใฉใใงใใญใ |
| Naomi: ใฉใฃใกใใฒใฉใใฎใใชใ |
| Yuichi: ใพใใใใฃใฑใๆๅใซใใฃใๆนใใฒใฉใใใใใชใใงใใใ |
| Peter: ใพใใใใใงใใญใ |
| Naomi: ใใใซใใฆใใใใใฉใใชไผ็คพใชใใงใใใญใ I wonder what kind of company it is. |
| Peter: ๅบๅไผ็คพใงใใญใ Like advertising. |
| Naomi: ใใใในใใฌใชใฟใคใใ |
| Peter: ใใใใใคใกใผใธใฏใชใใงใใ๏ผ้ป้ใจใใ |
| Yuichi: ใชใใงๅบๅไผ็คพใฏใใใใใใจใ่ตทใใใใงใใ๏ผ |
| Peter: ใใใ็ซถไบๆฟใใใงใใใ Like they are very competitive. |
| Naomi: So you have to pull strings ่ถณใๅผใฃๅผตใใชใใกใใใใชใใใงใใญใ |
| Peter: ใใใงใใญใๆ้ฒใใใใไฝใงใใใใใใใชใใงใใใ |
| Naomi: ๆ้ฒใฏ promotion ใงใใญใ |
| Peter: So anything to get promoted. |
| Yuichi: ใชใใปใฉใๆใใงใใญใ |
| Naomi: Japanesepod101 ใง่ฏใใฃใใงใใญใ |
| Yuichi: ใใใงใใญใ |
| Peter: ใใจใใกใใฃใจ่ณชๅใใใใงใใใใใๆฐๅณใงใใ๏ผ |
| Naomi: ใใๆฐๅณใ |
| Peter: ใใๆฐๅณใฃใฆใฉใใใๆๅณใงใใ๏ผ |
| Naomi: ๆฐๅณใฃใฆใใใฎใ feelingใใใใฃใฆใใใฎใ good, so good feeling |
| Peter: Good feeling? |
| Naomi: ใใผใใณใใฟใใใชใ |
| Peter: ใใคใงใไฝฟใใพใใ๏ผ Can you use it any time? |
| Naomi: You want to use it in a formal situation? |
| Peter: ใใๆฐๅณใ |
| Naomi: ใ ใใ ใใ ใใ |
| Yuichi: ใ ใใ ใใ It can be rude. |
| Naomi: ใใใญใ |
| Yuichi: Yeah it often can be rude because you know you say ใใๆฐๅณใ . Thatโs you knowโฆ |
| Naomi: You deserve it. |
| Yuichi: Yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah. |
| Peter: Like ใใๆฐๆใกใจใกใใฃใจ้ใใพใใญใ |
| Naomi: ใใๆฐๅณใฃใฆใใใฎใฏ่ชฐใใๅฐใฃใฆใใฆใใใใ่ฆใฆใใผใใผใใใฃใใใฟใใใชใใใพใ่ฆใใ You deserve it. I am not going to help you. |
| Peter: Like happiness for otherโs misfortune. |
| Naomi: ใใใใใใใ |
| Yuichi: ใใใใใใใ |
| Peter: ใใใใใคใงใไฝฟใใพใใญใ You can use it any time. |
| Naomi: ใพใใใใผใฟใผใฏใญใ |
| Peter: ใใใ่ชฐใใใฝใณใณใงๅฐใฃใฆใใฆใใใฎใจใไฝฟใฃใฆใใใใงใใ๏ผใใๆฐๅณใ ใ |
| Naomi: ่ชฐใใฃใฆใ็งใใใใใฝใณใณใงๅฐใฃใฆใใใจใ่จใฃใฆใใใงใใ๏ผ |
| Peter: No itโs like if someone is having trouble with a computer, you can walk by and ay, ah! what a great feeling. |
| Yuichi: ใใใใพใๅซใใ ใฃใใใญใใฏใใ |
| Peter: ๅซใใ ใฃใใใ |
| Yuichi: ๅซใใ ใฃใใใไฝฟใฃใฆใใใใงใใใญใ |
| Peter: ใใใใฏใๅซใใใใใชใใ |
| Naomi: ใใใงใใญใ |
| Peter: If you want to be hated |
| Yuichi: ็ตถๅฏพๅซใใใพใใญใ |
| Naomi: ไปๆฅใฎๅ่ชใซๅ ฅใฃใฆใใใพใใใใ |
| VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE |
| Peter: Letโs have a closer look at the usage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson. ใฏใใใใชใๅ ็ใใ้กใใใพใใ |
| Naomi: ใใใใใ |
| Peter: How disgraceful! |
| Naomi: ใใฎๅ่ชใฃใฆใใฆใฆใคใใใไฝฟใใพใ๏ผ Do you use this word? I donโt use this word. |
| Yuichi: ๅใไฝฟใใชใใงใใญใ Maybe older generation people use it. |
| Naomi: ใใใงใใญใไปฃใใใซใฉใใชๅ่ชใไฝฟใใพใใ๏ผ What kind of word do you use instead? |
| Yuichi: ่ใใใใชใใใฒใฉใใ |
| Peter: Terrible, canโt even think about it. |
| Naomi: ๆฌกใฎๅ่ชใฏใ |
| Yuichi: ้ซ็ด |
| Peter: Very expensive, high grade. |
| Yuichi: ใใใๅๅใซใคใใพใใใญใ |
| Naomi: ใใใงใใญใ product ๅๅใซใคใใพใใญใไพใใฐใ |
| Yuichi: ้ซ็ดใกใญใณ |
| Peter: High grade melon. |
| Yuichi: ้ซ็ดใใงใณใฌใผใ |
| Peter: High grade chocolate. |
| Yuichi: ้ซ็ดใใซใผใ |
| Peter: Very expensive fruit or high class fruit. |
| Yuichi: ้ซ็ด่ป |
| Peter: Luxury car. |
| Naomi: ็งใๆ่ฟ้ซ็ด้ท้ดใ่ฒทใใพใใใ |
| Yuichi: ไฝใงใใใใใใฏ๏ผ |
| Naomi: ้ซใ้ท้ดใ่ฒทใฃใใใงใใใฉใ |
| Yuichi: ๅคๆฎตใ้ซใใใงใใ๏ผ |
| Peter: ้ทโฆไฝใงใใ๏ผ |
| Naomi: ้ท้ดใ Long shoes which means rain boots. |
| Peter: Rain boots? ้ซ็ด Rain boots? |
| Naomi: ใใใ So what a waste of money! ๆ่ฟ้ซ็ดใชใใฎใไฝใ่ฒทใใพใใใ๏ผ |
| Yuichi: ใใฝใณใณใ่ฒทใใพใใใ |
| Naomi: ใใใใงใ้ซ็ดใใฝใณใณใฃใฆ่จใใชใใงใใญใ |
| Yuichi: ใใใงใใญใใใฝใณใณ่ชไฝใ้ซ็ดใงใใ |
| Naomi: ใใใงใใญใ้ซใใงใใญใไฝใ่ฒทใใพใใ๏ผ้ซ็ดใชใใฎใฏใ |
| Peter: ใใใใชใใงใใญใ Whatโs the definition of luxury or like high brand. |
| Naomi: ไฝใ ใใชใใชใใใใฉใณใใจใใใใชใใฎใ Famous brand made product. |
| Yuichi: ้ซ็ดใใฉใณใ |
| Naomi: ใใใใงใใใผใฟใผใใใ้ซ็ดใใงใณใฌใผใ้ฃในใฆใใใญใ |
| Peter: ใใใงใใ๏ผ |
| Naomi: ใใใๆจๆฅใใใใพใใใ้ซ็ดใใงใณใฌใผใใ |
| Yuichi: ใใๆฌๅฝใซใ |
| Peter: ใใใ็งใใใใใพใใใ |
| Naomi: ใใใใใใใใใ็งใ็ใฟใพใใใ |
| Yuichi: ๆฌกใฏใ็ก่ฆใใ |
| Peter: To ignore. |
| Yuichi: ็ก means nothing. ่ฆ means see. So in todayโs dialogue, ๆ่ฟ้จ้ทใซ็ก่ฆใใใใใงใใใ |
| Peter: Recently, I have been ignored by the manager. |
| Naomi: ๆฌกใฏใ่ฉฐใๅใใ |
| Peter: Assortment. |
| Naomi: 2ใคใฎๅ่ชใใใงใใฆใใพใใญใ |
| Peter: This word is made up of two words. |
| Naomi: ่ฉฐใใ |
| Peter: To stuff, to pack. |
| Naomi: ๅใใใ |
| Peter: To join together. |
| Naomi: ใชใฎใงใไธ็ทใซ่ฉฐใใใใใใฎ Packed together stuff ใฃใฆใใๆใใงใใญใใใซใผใ่ฉฐใๅใใ |
| Peter: Fruit basket or an assortment of fruits. |
| Naomi: Have you ever heard the shop called ๅ็ๅฑ๏ผ |
| Yuichi: ใใใ่ใใใใจใชใใงใใ |
| Naomi: ใใ็ฅใใชใ๏ผ |
| Yuichi: ็ฅใใชใใงใใ |
| Naomi: ็ฅใใชใ๏ผใใผใฟใผใใใๅ็ๅฑใ |
| Peter: ใใชใๅ ็่ฉฑใใฆใใใจใๅๅไปฅไธใใใใชใใงใใ |
| Naomi: ๅ็ๅฑใฃใฆใใใฎใฏๆๅใชใใซใผใใทใงใใใงใใใงใใใใใง่ชฟในใใใใใซใผใ่ฉฐใๅใใใๅคงไฝ1ไธๅใใใใใพใใใ |
| Peter: So the cheapest one at this place you researched on the net is ยฅ10,000 |
| Naomi: ใใใใพใใงใใๆฌๅฝใซๅฎใใฎใ ใฃใใ6,000ๅใใใใฎใใใพใใใใฉใๅคงไฝ10,000ๅใใใใ |
| Yuichi: ใใใงใใ้ซใใงใใญใ |
| Naomi: ้ซใใงใใญใ |
| Yuichi: ใใซใผใใชใฎใซ6,000ๅใ้ซใใงใใ |
| Naomi: ๆๅพใฎๅ่ชใฏใ |
| Yuichi: ใใๆฐๅณ |
| Peter: That you will learn. Someone got what he or she deserved. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Naomi: Todayโs grammar point is the usage of kara in the passive sentences. |
| Peter: So up until now, weโve been talking about passive sentences with the particle ne and usually the person doing an action is marked by the particle ne but today we are going to focus on the case where kara is used to indicate a person doing an action. For example, in todayโs conversation we had. |
| Yuichi: ไบๅณใใใใใๆญณๆฎใ้ใใใฆใใพใใใ |
| Peter: A year-end gift was sent by Mr. Gomi. So in this case, ใใ is used to mark doer in place of ne. The reason for this is in some cases, depending on the verb, you can use ใใ. Naomi Sensei, what verbs can we use ใใ with? |
| Naomi: ้ใ |
| Peter: To send. |
| Naomi: Or to present. ๆธกใ |
| Peter: To pass. |
| Naomi: Or ไธใใ |
| Peter: To give. Sample sentence? |
| Yuichi: ใตใฆใชใๅใซๆ็ดใๆธกใใใ |
| Peter: ใตใฆใช handed a letter to me. Now if you want to say this in the passive voice |
| Yuichi: ๆ็ดใใตใฆใชใใๅใซๆธกใใใใ |
| Peter: A letter was handed to me by ใตใฆใช |
| Naomi: ้ใใๆธกใใไธใใใใจไธ็ทใซใใใใใไฝฟใใใพใใ |
Outro |
| Peter: All right, thatโs going to do for today. |
| Naomi: ใใใใใพใใ |
| Yuichi: ใใใชใใ |
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