Learn how to ask someone to do something using the -te kudasai construction
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| Welcome to learn Japanese grammar absolute beginner. In this video series, you learn basic Japanese grammar patterns and phrases through easy to follow audio and visual cues. Here is what we will cover in this lesson. Ready? Letβs get started. |
| ζ₯γ¦γγ γγγ (Kite kudasai.) |
| Peter: In this lesson, you learn how to ask someone to do something using the te-form of a verb plus γγ γγ (kudasai) which enables us to make a polite request. Okay, Naomi-sensei, how do you say to come? |
| Naomi: ζ₯γ (kuru) |
| Peter: The te-form is? |
| Naomi: ζ₯γ¦ (kite) |
| Peter: When you use the te-form by itself, it indicates an informal request. So ζ₯γ¦ (kite) means come as in come here. By adding γγ γγ (kudasai) to the te-form of a verb, you can create a polite request. So, |
| Naomi: ζ₯γ¦γγ γγ (kite kudasai) |
| Peter: Means please come. Letβs do some more examples. How do you say to turn? |
| Naomi: ζ²γγ (magaru) |
| Peter: The te-form is? |
| Naomi: ζ²γγ£γ¦ (magatte) |
| Peter: Itβs an informal request to turn. And please turn is? |
| Naomi: ζ²γγ£γ¦γγ γγ (magatte kudasai) ε³γ«ζ²γγ£γ¦γγ γγ (migi ni magatte kudasai) |
| Peter: Please turn right. |
| Naomi: ε·¦γ«ζ²γγ£γ¦γγ γγ (hidari ni magatte kudasai) |
| Peter: Please turn left. How do you say to go? |
| Naomi: θ‘γ (iku) |
| Peter: The te-form is? |
| Naomi: θ‘γ£γ¦ (itte) |
| Peter: And it means go. Informal request go. Please go is? |
| Naomi: θ‘γ£γ¦γγ γγ (itte kudasai) |
| γΎγ£γγθ‘γ£γ¦γγ γγγ (Massugu itte kudasai) |
| Peter: Please go straight. |
| Naomi: ιγγ (oriru) |
| Peter: To get off. The te-form is ιγγ¦ |
| Naomi: ιγγ¦ (orite) |
| Peter: Sample sentence, please. |
| Naomi: η§θεγ§ιγγ¦γγ γγ (Akihabara de orite kudasai) |
| Peter: Please get off at Akihabara. |
| The particle γ§ (de) as in η§θεγ§ (Akihabara de) indicates where the action will take place. Okay whatβs the next verb? |
| Naomi: εΊγ (deru) |
| Peter: To leave, to go out. And the te-form is? |
| Naomi: εΊγ¦ (dete) |
| Peter: Sample sentence please |
| Naomi: ζΉζε£γεΊγ¦γγ γγ (Kaisatsuguchi o dete kudasai.) |
| Peter: Exit from the kaisatsuguchi. Now ζΉζε£ (kaisatsuguchi) means ticket entrance or ticket gate. So to exit from the ticket gate. Finally we have? |
| Naomi: ζ°γγ€γγ (ki o tsukeru) |
| Peter: To take care, to pay attention, to be careful. |
| Naomi: ζ° (ki) means spirit, feeling or attention. γ€γγ (tsukeru) is to attach. |
| Peter: So this phrase literally translates to attach your attention. In natural English, it would be pay attention or be careful. |
| Naomi: γγγ§γγ (sou desu ne). ζ°γγ€γγ (ki o tsukeru), and the te-form of γ€γγ (tsukeru) is γ€γγ¦ (tsukete). So, ζ°γγ€γγ¦γγ γγ (ki o tsukete kudasai) |
| Peter: Please be careful. Maybe in this situation, take care is a more appropriate translation. |
| Naomi: γγγ§γγ (SΕ desu ne.) |
| Peter: This phrase, you will hear many times. Itβs kind of like a parting greeting. ζ°γγ€γγ¦ (ki o tsukete), like take care. |
| Naomi: ζ₯γ¦γγ γγ (kite kudasai) |
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