Learn continue learning about Japanese causative verbs
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Naomi: ใใชใใงใใ |
| Chris: Chris here, Having a Bad Hair Day in Japan |
| Naomi: ๅๅใฎใฌใในใณใงใฏไฝฟๅฝน |
| Chris: causative |
| Naomi: ใๅๅผทใใพใใใใไปๅใใไฝฟๅฝนใๅๅผทใใพใใ |
| Chris: In the previous lesson, you learned the usage of ใใใ, or the causative. In this lesson, you'll learn more about causative sentences. |
| Naomi: ไพใใฐใใใใใใ ใจใใใๆณฃใใใ. |
| Chris: You'll learn the phrases like "to make someone smile" and "to make someone cry".ใใใฎไผ่ฉฑใฏ่ชฐใจ่ชฐใฎไผ่ฉฑใงใใ๏ผ |
| Naomi: ๏ผไบบใฎ้ซๆ ก็ใๅญฆๆ กใง่ฉฑใใฆใใพใใ้ๆฒขๅฅๅณใๅคง่ๆกๅญใ้ฃ้ ๅฎใใงใใญใ |
| Chris: This conversation is between three high school students |
| Naomi: ๅ้ใชใฎใงใใใกใใใซใธใฅใขใซใซ่ฉฑใใฆใใพใใ |
| Chris: Since it's a conversation among friends, they're speaking casually. |
| Naomi: ใงใฏ่ใใฆใฟใพใใใใ |
| Chris: Please listen in. |
Lesson conversation |
|---|
| ้ๆฒข่ๅณ: ใฉใใใฆๆณฃใใฆใใฎ๏ผๆกๅญใ |
| ๅคง่ๆกๅญ: ใ ใฃใฆโฆๅฎๅใโฆใ |
| ้ๆฒข่ๅณ: ใใใๅฎใๅฅณใฎๅญใๆณฃใใใใชใไฝใใใฎใใ |
| ้ฃ้ ๅฎ: ๆณฃใใใใคใใใฏใชใใใ ใใฉใ |
| ๅคง่ๆกๅญ: ้ใใ้ใโฆใ่ๅณใๅฟ้ ใใใฆใใใใใงใใๅฎๅใ็ฌใใใใใโฆใ |
| ้ฃ้ ๅฎ: ็ฌใใใใคใใใใชใใใ ใใฉใ |
| ้ๆฒข่ๅณ: ใชใใ ใ็ฌใฃใฆใใฎ๏ผ้ฉใใใชใใงใใ |
| : โฆๅฎใใใฎ้ ญใฉใใใใฎ๏ผ |
| ้ฃ้ ๅฎ: ๆจๆฅใๅ ่ฒดใฎๅบๅฑใซ้ซชใๅใใซ่กใฃใใใ ใ |
| ้ๆฒข่ๅณ: ใใใใๅ ใใใๅบๅฑใใใ ใใญใ |
| ้ฃ้ ๅฎ: ๆๅใฏๆฅฝใใ่ฉฑใใฆใใใใ ใใฉใ้็ใฎ่ฉฑใๅงใใฆใๆใใใกใใฃใใใ ใ |
| : ใปใใไฟบใฏใธใฃใคใขใณใใใกใณใ ใใฉใๅ ่ฒดใฏใฟใคใฌใผในใใกใณใ ใใใ |
| ้ๆฒข่ๅณ: ไปๅนดใใธใฃใคใขใณใ่ชฟๅญใใใใฉใใฟใคใฌใผในใฏ่ชฟๅญๆชใใใใญใ |
| ้ฃ้ ๅฎ: ใใใใงใไธธๅใใซใใใฆใ็ๆฏใใใใใใ |
| Naomi: ไปๅบฆใฏ่ฑ่ชใฎ่จณใจไธ็ทใซ่ใใฆใฟใพใใใใ |
| ้ๆฒข่ๅณ: ใฉใใใฆๆณฃใใฆใใฎ๏ผๆกๅญใ |
| Chris: Why are you crying, Sakurako? |
| ๅคง่ๆกๅญ: ใ ใฃใฆโฆๅฎๅใโฆใ |
| Chris: Because... Minoru, he... |
| ้ๆฒข่ๅณ: ใใใๅฎใๅฅณใฎๅญใๆณฃใใใใชใไฝใใใฎใใ |
| Chris: Hey, Minoru. Don't make girls cry! What did you do? |
| ้ฃ้ ๅฎ: ๆณฃใใใใคใใใฏใชใใใ ใใฉใ |
| Chris: I didn't mean to make her cry. |
| ๅคง่ๆกๅญ: ้ใใ้ใโฆใ่ๅณใๅฟ้ ใใใฆใใใใใงใใๅฎๅใ็ฌใใใใใโฆใ |
| Chris: No, no... Nami, I'm sorry I made you worry. It's just that Minoru makes me laugh... |
| ้ฃ้ ๅฎ: ็ฌใใใใคใใใใชใใใ ใใฉใ |
| Chris: I didn't mean to make her laugh, either. |
| ้ๆฒข่ๅณ: ใชใใ ใ็ฌใฃใฆใใฎ๏ผ้ฉใใใชใใงใใ |
| Chris: What, so you were laughing? Don't surprise me like that. |
| : โฆๅฎใใใฎ้ ญใฉใใใใฎ๏ผ |
| Chris... Minoru, what's with that hair? |
| ้ฃ้ ๅฎ: ๆจๆฅใๅ ่ฒดใฎๅบๅฑใซ้ซชใๅใใซ่กใฃใใใ ใ |
| Chris: Well, I went to get my haircut at my older brother's barbershop yesterday. |
| ้ๆฒข่ๅณ: ใใใใๅ ใใใๅบๅฑใใใ ใใญใ |
| Chris: Oh, your older brother's a barber, isn't he. |
| ้ฃ้ ๅฎ: ๆๅใฏๆฅฝใใ่ฉฑใใฆใใใใ ใใฉใ้็ใฎ่ฉฑใๅงใใฆใๆใใใกใใฃใใใ ใ |
| Chris: At first we were having a fun conversation, but then we started talking about baseball, and I made him angry. |
| : ใปใใไฟบใฏใธใฃใคใขใณใใใกใณใ ใใฉใๅ ่ฒดใฏใฟใคใฌใผในใใกใณใ ใใใ |
| Chris: Because I'm a Giants fan, you know, but my older brother's a Tigers fan. |
| ้ๆฒข่ๅณ: ไปๅนดใใธใฃใคใขใณใ่ชฟๅญใใใใฉใใฟใคใฌใผในใฏ่ชฟๅญๆชใใใใญใ |
| Chris: This year the Giants are in good form, but the Tigers aren't doing so well, are they? |
| ้ฃ้ ๅฎ: ใใใใงใไธธๅใใซใใใฆใ็ๆฏใใใใใใ |
| Chris: Yeah. So then he went and gave me a buzz cut and shaved my eyebrows off too. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Chris: ็ด็พๅ ็ใใใฃใฑใใๆฅๆฌใงไธ็ชไบบๆฐใฎใใในใใผใใฏ้็ใงใใ๏ผ |
| Naomi: ๅคๅใใใ ใจๆใใพใใใงใใไปใฎๅญไพ้ใฏใใตใใซใผใฎๆนใใใใใใใใพใใใ |
| Chris: You think baseball is the most popular sport in Japan overall, but soccer might be more popular among kids? |
| Naomi: ใงใ่ชๅใฎๅฅฝใใชใใผใ ใๅใคใจใใใใใงใใใ่ฒ ใใใจใๆใใใกใณใฏใใพใใใใใฏใใขใกใชใซใใใฃใใใงใใ๏ผ |
| Chris: ใขใกใชใซใ ใใใใชใใฆใใคใฎใชในใใชใผในใใฉใชใขใใในใใคใณใใใคใฟใชใขใใใใใใใใกใณใฏใใใจๆใใพใ(็ฌ๏ผ I think that's not just limited to the US - there are fans who get angry in the UK, Australia, Spain, Italy... |
| Naomi: ๅฎใใใฎใๅ ใใใใใใฎใฟใคใใ ใฃใใใงใใญใ |
| Chris: So, unfortunately, it seems Minoru's brother was one of those types of people. |
| Naomi: ไธธๅใใฏใใฃใใใใงใใใฉใใใ็ๆฏใใใใใใฎใฏๅฐใใพใใญใ |
| Chris: Yeah, a buzz-cut may be cool, but shaved eyebrows doesn't sound good at all. ๅฎใใใฎใใซใใใใฎๅบๅฑใซใฏ่กใใใใชใใงใใญใ(็ฌ๏ผ |
| Naomi: ใๅ ใใใฏใฟใคใฌใผในใใกใณใ ใใใใฟใคใฌใผในใใใฃใใจใใซ่จใฃใๆนใใใใงใใญใ |
| Chris: ใใใงใใญใ |
| Vocabulary and Phrases |
| Chris: Let's take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. |
| : The first word we shall see is: |
| Naomi: ๅฟ้ ใใ [natural native speed] |
| Chris: to worry; V3 |
| Naomi: ๅฟ้ ใใ [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Naomi: ๅฟ้ ใใ [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Naomi: ้ฉใ [natural native speed] |
| Chris: to be surprised, to be astonished;V1 |
| Naomi: ้ฉใ [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Naomi: ้ฉใ [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Naomi: ๅ ่ฒด [natural native speed] |
| Chris: older brother, one's senior |
| Naomi: ๅ ่ฒด [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Naomi: ๅ ่ฒด [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Naomi: ๅบๅฑ [natural native speed] |
| Chris: barbershop, barber |
| Naomi: ๅบๅฑ [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Naomi: ๅบๅฑ [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Naomi: ้็ [natural native speed] |
| Chris: baseball |
| Naomi: ้็ [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Naomi: ้็ [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Naomi: ๅงใใ [natural native speed] |
| Chris: to start, to begin; V2 |
| Naomi: ๅงใใ [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Naomi: ๅงใใ [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Naomi: ใใกใณ [natural native speed] |
| Chris: fan |
| Naomi: ใใกใณ [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Naomi: ใใกใณ [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Naomi: ไธธๅใ [natural native speed] |
| Chris: buzz-cut, closely cropped hair |
| Naomi: ไธธๅใ [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Naomi: ไธธๅใ [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Naomi: ็ๆฏ [natural native speed] |
| Chris: eyebrow(s) |
| Naomi: ็ๆฏ [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Naomi: ็ๆฏ [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Naomi: ใใ [natural native speed] |
| Chris: to shave ; V1 |
| Naomi: ใใ [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Naomi: ใใ [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCABULARY AND PHRASES |
| Chris: Let's have a closer look at the usage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson. |
| Naomi: The first word/phrase weโll look at is.... |
| Naomi: ใงใฏๅ่ชใๅๅผทใใพใใใใ |
| Chris: ๆๅใฎๅ่ชใฏ๏ผWhat's the first word we'll look at? |
| Naomi: ๅบๅฑ |
| Chris: barber. Tokoya means a barber or a barber shop. There's another word for a hair salon, right? |
| Naomi: ใใใงใใญใ็พๅฎน้ขใใฏใชในใใใฏใๅบๅฑใซ่กใใพใใ๏ผใใใจใ็พๅฎน้ขใซใใใพใใ๏ผ |
| Chris:ใใใใงใใญใๅ้ใฏ็พๅฎนๅธซใชใฎใงใ็พๅฎน้ขใธ่กใใพใใญใ I have a friend that works at a beauty salon, so I go and have her cut my hair. ใณใใใใใใณใใใใคใจใฏใbeauty salon ใจใ hair salon ใงใใญ๏ผ |
| Naomi: ใใใงใใญใ็พๅฎน้ขใ็พๅฎนๅฎคใไธกๆนใไฝฟใใพใใญใ |
| Chris: What's the next word? |
| Naomi: ไธธๅใใ |
| Chris: buzz cut |
| Naomi: ใใซใฌใชใผใฟ ใฟใใใงใใใญใใใปใใใใใถใใซใฌใชใผใฟใผใใจใใใซใฏใใซใฎใใซใฌใชใผใฟใจใใ้ใ๏ผ |
| Chris: ๏ผ็ฌ๏ผHuh? You're saying it sounds almost like the pizza Margherita, or the cocktail margarita?... well...I don't know about that... Good try though. |
| Naomi: ่ฆใใใใใงใใใ |
| Chris: Yeah, that might be a good mnemonic. |
| So "marugari" is a short-cropped hairstyle, or a buzz cut. |
| Naomi: ๅไธปใใ buzz cut ใงใใ |
| Chris: The word ๅไธปmeaning 'Buddhist priest' is used to mean buzz-cut too. That's interesting!ใ |
| ใใจใbald ใฏใใฏใใใงใใญใ |
| Naomi: ใใใใใฏใใใจใไธธๅใใใฏ้ใใพใใใฉใญใ |
| Chris: Yeah, of course, bald and buzz cut are different, but I thought they were related, so it was a good chance to introduce the word ใฏใ, bald! |
Lesson focus |
| Chris: The Focus of This Lesson Is Causative Sentences. |
| Naomi: Causative ใฏๆฅๆฌ่ชใงใไฝฟๅฝนใใงใใ |
| ใใใใพใใๅ่ฉใฎไฝฟๅฝนใฎๅฝขใๅพฉ็ฟใใพใใใใ |
| Chris: Good idea. Let's start off by reviewing how to make the causative forms of verbs. Conjugating class 2 and 3 verbs isn't so difficult, so why don't we review only class 1 verbs? |
| Naomi: ใฏใใใใใจๆใใพใใใฏใชในใใใ class 1ใฎใใซใผใซใ้กใใใพใใ |
| Chris: For Class 1 Verbs, add -seru to the -nai form stem. For example, "to laugh" is? |
| Naomi: ็ฌใ |
| Chris: The -nai form is? |
| Naomi: ็ฌใใชใ |
| Chris: Drop -nai |
| Naomi: ใใใ |
| Chris: To that, attach ใใ |
| Naomi: ใใใใปใใ |
| Chris: ใใใใใ to make someone smile |
| Let's do more. "to cry" is? |
| Naomi: ๆณฃใ |
| Chris: The nai form is? |
| Naomi: ๆณฃใใชใ |
| Chris: Dropใชใ and add ใใ |
| Naomi: ใชใใปใใ |
| Chris: ใชใใใ "to make someone cry" |
| How about "to get angry"? |
| Naomi: ๆใ |
| Chris: -nai form? |
| Naomi: ๆใใชใ |
| Chris: Drop -nai |
| Naomi: ใใใ |
| Chris: And add ใใ |
| Naomi: ใใใใปใใ |
| Chris: ใใใใใ "to make someone angry" |
| Naomi: ใใใงใใ็ฌใ "to laugh" becomes ็ฌใใใ "to make someone laugh" |
| ๆณฃใ "to cry" becomes ๆณฃใใใ "to make someone cry"ใๆใ "to get angry" becomes ๆใใใ "to make someone angry" |
| ๆฌกใซๆใฎไฝใๆนใๅๅผทใใพใใใใ |
| Chris: Next, you'll learn how to compose sentences like "I made my brother angry" or "Don't make girls cry." in Japanese. |
| Naomi: ใฏใใไพใใฐใใ็งใฏๅ ใๆใใใใใ |
| Chris: "I make my brother angry". |
| Naomi: ๅ ใใใใๆใใใใ |
| Chirs: Did you notice that the brother was marked by particle ใ? When the verb relates to human emotion, the person who experiences the emotion is marked by the particle ใ. |
| Naomi: ใใใงใใใใใใ็งใฏใๅ ใๆณฃใใใใใฏ๏ผ |
| Chris: ็งใฏ"I"; ๅ ใ "my brother plus particle ใ"; ใชใใใ "to make someone cry" so..."I make my brother cry" |
| Naomi: ็งใฏใฟใใชใ็ฌใใใใใชใ๏ผ |
| Chris: ็งใฏ "I"; ใฟใใชใ "everyone plus particle ใ"; ็ฌใใใ "to make someone laugh". So... I make everyone laugh. |
| Naomi: ใใใงใใญใ |
| Chris: OK. Listeners, listen and repeat. "I always make my brother angry". |
| Naomi: ็งใฏใใคใๅ ใๆใใใใ |
| Chris: Say "I always make my brother angry" in Japanese. |
| Naomi: ็งใฏใใคใๅ ใๆใใใ |
| ใใฎใฌใในใณใฎใใคใขใญใฐใงใฏใๅฎๅใฏใๅ ใใใๆใใใพใใใญใ |
| Chris: Right. In this lesson's dialogue, ใฟใฎใใฏใๅ ใใใๆใใใพใใ Minoru made his brother angry. |
| Naomi: ใใใใใๅฎๅใฏๆกๅญใใใๆณฃใใใพใใใ |
| Chris: And Minoru made Sakurako cry...? Really? He didn't make her cry. He made her laugh. |
| Naomi: ใใใงใใญใๆณฃใใฆใใชใใฆใ็ฌใฃใฆใใพใใใใใใใใใๆฅๆฌ่ชใง่จใฃใฆใใ ใใใ |
| Chris: OK. Listeners, say "Minoru made Sakurako laugh." |
| Chris: Naomi-sensei, the answer is? |
| Naomi: ๅฎๅใฏๆกๅญใใใ็ฌใใใพใใ |
| Chris: "Minoru made Sakurako laugh." |
| Naomi: ใจใใใงใใฏใชในใใใฏใๆ่ฟ่ชฐใใใๆณฃใใใใใจใๆใใใใใจใใใพใใ๏ผ |
| Chris: ใใใผ๏ผ Have I recently made anyone cry or angry?ใใชใใจใใใใพใใญใ |
| Naomi: ๆฌๅฝ๏ผ |
| Chris: ใใใใใฆใๅใฏใ็ด็พๅ ็ใๆใใใใใใใใใใใใใใใใใจใใใพใใ๏ผ |
| Naomi: ใใถใใปใปใปใชใใปใปใจๆใใพใใๅคๅใ |
| Chris: ใใปใปใปใๅคๅ๏ผ |
| Naomi: ใใใใใ๏ผ็ฌ๏ผๅ จ็ถใชใใงใใ |
| Chris: ใใใฃใใงใใ๏ผ็ฌ๏ผ |
Outro |
| Naomi: ใใใใใฎใฌใในใณใฏใใใพใงใ |
| Chris: Right! Be sure to read the lesson notes for this lesson for an even better review. They include a transcript and translation of the conversation, the lesson vocabulary and a detailed grammar explanation. Go to JapanesePod101.com to download the lesson notes for this lesson now. See you next time. |
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