Learn about usage of adjectives(both na and i adjectives)
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Eric: Lori’s story 7. How to say where things are. Okay Naomi-sensei, what are we going to talk about today? |
| Naomi: 今日は (kyō wa ) numbers. |
| Eric: That’s right. All the numbers between 0 and 255,000. |
| Naomi: Ah no. |
| Eric: Wait, what numbers are we doing? |
| Naomi: From zero to 10. |
| Eric: From zero to 10, all right. That’s a good place to start and what’s the grammar point today? |
| Naomi: Adjective plus noun. |
| Eric: All right. So we are finally going to be able to describe things. |
| Naomi: はい。(Hai.) |
| Eric: All right. So what’s going on with Lori today? |
| Naomi: Mr. Mizuki is showing her Lori’s new apartment. |
| Eric: All right. So let’s listen. |
| DIALOGUE |
| (ロリーのアパート) (Rorī no apāto) |
| 水木 (Mizuki) : ロリーさんの 部屋は 205号室です。ここです。電気は そこ。トイレは あそこ。(Rorī-san no heya wa ni maru go-gōshitsu desu. Koko desu. Denki wa soko. Toire wa asoko.) |
| ロリー (Rorī) : トイレは ここ... ですか。あ... 小さい トイレですね。(Toire wa koko... desu ka. A... chiisai toire desu ne.) |
| 水木 (Mizuki) : お風呂は あそこです。それから、部屋の 鍵は これです。はい、どうぞ。(O-furo wa asoko desu. Sorekara, heya no kagi wa kore desu. Hai, dōzo.) |
| ロリー (Rorī) : どうも。(ため息) 古い部屋ですね。。。(Dōmo. (tameiki) Furui heya desu ne…) |
| 水木 (Mizuki) : でも、ここはとても便利ですよ。(Demo, koko wa totemo benri desu yo.) |
| もう一度、お願いします。今度は、ゆっくりお願いします。(Mō ichi-do, onegai shimasu. Kondo wa, yukkuri onegai shimasu.) |
| 水木 (Mizuki) : ロリーさんの 部屋は 205号室です。ここです。電気は そこ。トイレは あそこ。(Rorī-san no heya wa ni maru go-gōshitsu desu. Koko desu. Denki wa soko. Toire wa asoko.) |
| ロリー (Rorī) : トイレは ここ... ですか。あ... 小さい トイレですね。(Toire wa koko... desu ka. A... chiisai toire desu ne.) |
| 水木 (Mizuki) : お風呂は あそこです。それから、部屋の 鍵は これです。はい、どうぞ。(O-furo wa asoko desu. Sorekara, heya no kagi wa kore desu. Hai, dōzo.) |
| ロリー (Rorī) : どうも。古い部屋ですね。。。(Dōmo. Furui heya desu ne…) |
| 水木 (Mizuki) : でも、ここはとても便利ですよ。(Demo, koko wa totemo benri desu yo.) |
| 今度は、英語が入ります。(Kondo wa, Eigo ga hairimasu.) |
| (ロリーのアパート) (Rorī no apāto) |
| (Lori's apartment room) |
| 水木 (Mizuki) : ロリーさんの 部屋は 205号室です。ここです。(Rorī-san no heya wa ni maru go-gōshitsu desu. Koko desu.) |
| MIZUKI: Your room number is 205, Lori. Here we are. |
| 水木 (Mizuki) : 電気は そこ。トイレは あそこ。(Denki wa soko. Toire wa asoko.) |
| MIZUKI: The switch for the lights are there and the restroom is over there. |
| ロリー (Rorī) : トイレは ここ... ですか。あ... 小さい トイレですね。(Toire wa koko... desu ka. A... chiisai toire desu ne.) |
| LORI: The restroom is here... oh, it's small. |
| 水木 (Mizuki) : お風呂は あそこです。それから、部屋の 鍵は これです。はい、どうぞ。(O-furo wa asoko desu. Sorekara, heya no kagi wa kore desu. Hai, dōzo.) |
| MIZUKI: The bathtub is over there. And here is the room key. Here you go. |
| ロリー (Rorī) : どうも。(ため息) 古い部屋ですね。。。(Dōmo. (tameiki) Furui heya desu ne…) |
| LORI: Thanks. (sigh) It's an old room, isn't it? |
| 水木 (Mizuki) : でも、ここはとても便利ですよ。(Demo, koko wa totemo benri desu yo.) |
| MIZUKI: But, this place is very close to everything. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Eric: Wow! This sounds a lot like my apartment. |
| Naomi: 本当？(Hontō?) |
| Eric: Yeah. it’s tiny but hey I can get anywhere pretty quick I think yeah. Naomi-sensei, it seems that Lori’s bathroom, I mean her toilet and her bathtub are not in the same room. |
| Naomi: That’s right. In your apartment, is your toilet in the bathroom? |
| Eric: Well I mean here yeah in Japan, yes it is just by coincidence but a lot of places in Japan, they are separate. |
| Naomi: はい。(Hai.) |
| Eric: But in the states or at least everywhere that I have ever been to in the states, they are always together in the same room. So it’s sort of different. |
| Naomi: Yeah, this is a bit confusing for me too and when I translated today’s conversation into English, I had no idea how should I translate トイレ (toire). |
| Eric: Yeah. Usually when you say toilet, you know, in Japanese トイレ (toire) is like the room that contain – usually has a toilet in it right but in English, toilet is actual thing that you sit on yeah. |
| Naomi: Oh yeah, the white thing. |
| Eric: All right. So on to the vocabulary. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Eric: Okay, so the first word today is |
| Naomi: でも (demo) |
| Eric: But, however. |
| Naomi: (slow) でも (demo) (natural speed) でも (demo) |
| Eric: The next word is |
| Naomi: アパート (apāto) |
| Eric: Apartment. |
| Naomi: (slow) アパート (apāto) (natural speed) アパート (apāto) |
| Eric: The next word is |
| Naomi: 部屋 (heya) |
| Eric: Room. |
| Naomi: (slow) へや (heya) (natural speed) 部屋 (heya) |
| Eric: The next word is |
| Naomi: 号室 (gōshitsu) |
| Eric: Suffix for room numbers. |
| Naomi: (slow) ごうしつ (gōshitsu) (natural speed) 号室 (gōshitsu) |
| Eric: The next word is |
| Naomi: ここ (koko) |
| Eric: Here. |
| Naomi: (slow) ここ (koko) (natural speed) ここ (koko) |
| Eric: The next word is |
| Naomi: そこ (soko) |
| Eric: There. |
| Naomi: (slow) そこ (soko) (natural speed) そこ (soko) |
| Eric: The next word is |
| Naomi: あそこ (asoko) |
| Eric: Over there. |
| Naomi: (slow) あそこ (asoko) (natural speed) あそこ (asoko) |
| Eric: The next word is |
| Naomi: 電気 (denki) |
| Eric: Electricity, light. |
| Naomi: (slow) でんき (denki) (natural speed) 電気 (denki) |
| Eric: The next word is |
| Naomi: トイレ (toire) |
| Eric: Toilet, lavatory. |
| Naomi: (slow) トイレ (toire) (natural speed) トイレ (toire) |
| Eric: The next word is |
| Naomi: 小さい (chiisai) |
| Eric: Small, little, tiny. |
| Naomi: (slow) ちいさい (chiisai) (natural speed) 小さい (chiisai) |
| Eric: The next word is |
| Naomi: お風呂 (o-furo) |
| Eric: Bath, bathtub. |
| Naomi: (slow) おふろ (o-furo) (natural speed) お風呂 (o-furo) |
| Eric: The next word is |
| Naomi: 古い (furui) |
| Eric: Old, used for things not people, aged. |
| Naomi: (slow) ふるい (furui) (natural speed) 古い (furui) |
| Eric: The next word is |
| Naomi: 鍵 (kagi) |
| Eric: Key. |
| Naomi: (slow) かぎ (kagi) (natural speed) 鍵 (kagi) |
| Eric: The next word is |
| Naomi: とても (totemo) |
| Eric: Very. |
| Naomi: (slow) とても (totemo) (natural speed) とても (totemo) |
| Eric: The last word is |
| Naomi: 便利 (benri) |
| Eric: Convenient. |
| Naomi: (slow) べんり (benri) (natural speed) 便利 (benri) |
| VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE |
| Eric: All right. Now let’s take a closer look at some of these words and phrases but before we do so, let me just remind you to when you are learning these words, not only learn the words themselves but learn the intonation. All right, Naomi-sensei is doing a wonderful job of going up and down with intonation. So follow that too, that’s very important. All right, so what’s our first phrase today, Naomi-sensei? |
| Naomi: はい、どうぞ。(Hai, dōzo.) |
| Eric: It could be translated as okay, here you go. We studied はい (hai) in a previous lesson right which usually means yes. |
| Naomi: はい。(Hai.) |
| Eric: That’s right. Yes, that's right. Anything affirming okay, sure thing, yeah and whatever, something like that right but in this case, it’s like okay and どうぞ (dōzo). |
| Naomi: どうぞ。(Dōzo.) |
| Eric: Which means here you go. |
| Naomi: When you hand something to people |
| Eric: Or when you are giving permission to do something. |
| Naomi: Yeah right, like please go ahead. |
| Eric: Either go ahead or here you go. It usually accompanies some sort of action. |
| Naomi: And the response should be どうも (dōmo). |
| Eric: Which means thank you but you better watch out with the thank you. Let’s take a closer look at these thank yous. All right, so there are a bunch of ways of being gracious in Japanese. The first one is the most casual way. We just said it. What was it, Naomi-sensei? |
| Naomi: どうも。(Dōmo.) |
| Eric: どうも (dōmo) and it’s a very casual way to say thank you. It’s kind of like thanks, all right? What’s the next step in gratitude? |
| Naomi: ありがとう。(Arigatō.) |
| Eric: All right. I think that’s the one that most people know right and it’s thank you and the thing that most people don’t know is that this is actually casual. You won’t say just ありがとう (arigatō) to older people, people above you in social class. It’s actually a huge foul path. So watch out everybody. |
| Naomi: I am not sure about the meaning of どうも (dōmo) itself but it’s often used as the meaning of very. |
| Eric: Right, it’s really close. It’s kind of like an emphasis. |
| Naomi: Yeah, emphasis. |
| Eric: Right and you can use it actually with other words but we will get into that some other time. Right now, you can just put it in front of ありがとう (arigatō) and it can become thanks a lot. |
| Naomi: And the point is it’s not どもありがとう (domo arigatō). |
| Eric: What is it? |
| Naomi: どうもありがとう。(Dōmo arigatō.) |
| Eric: Naomi-sensei just said どうもありがとう (dōmo arigatō). She says どうも (dōmo) really short like ども (domo). That’s not the same word. It’s actually not even a word. So make sure you extend the first お (o), どうもありがとう (dōmo arigatō). |
| Naomi: どうもありがとう。(Dōmo arigatō.) |
| Eric: Okay so Naomi-sensei, how would you thank someone who is really old? |
| Naomi: I would put ございます (gozaimasu) and say ありがとうございます (arigatō gozaimasu). |
| Eric: ありがとうございます。(Arigatō gozaimasu.) You would say that to someone who is older than you. |
| Naomi: そうですね。(Sō desu ne.) Or stranger. |
| Eric: One more time, Naomi-sensei. |
| Naomi: ありがとうございます。(Arigatō gozaimasu.) |
| Eric: That’s the polite way to say thank you and what’s the most polite way? If you need to thank the emperor, you know, you happen to come across the emperor and he does you a favor. |
| Naomi: I don’t think I would talk to the emperor but… |
| Eric: Naomi, so rude you are. He did you a favor. How would you thank him? |
| Naomi: どうもありがとうございます。(Dōmo arigatō gozaimasu.) |
| Eric: So you put どうも (dōmo) in front of the ありがとうございます (arigatō gozaimasu). |
| Naomi: はい。どうもありがとうございます。(Hai. Dōmo arigatō gozaimasu.) |
| Eric: And thank you, Naomi-sensei. Let’s move on to Lori’s room number. What’s her room number? |
| Naomi: 205号室 (ni zero go-gōshitsu) |
| Eric: Before we get into that, let’s do all the numbers between 0 and 10. Alright, so let’s start with zero. |
| Naomi: ゼロ (zero) |
| Eric: One. |
| Naomi: １ (ichi) |
| Eric: Two. |
| Naomi: ２ (ni) |
| Eric: Three. |
| Naomi: ３ (san) |
| Eric: Four. |
| Naomi: ４ (yon) |
| Eric: Five. |
| Naomi: ５ (go) |
| Eric: Six. |
| Naomi: ６ (roku) |
| Eric: Seven. |
| Naomi: ７ (nana) |
| Eric: Eight. |
| Naomi: ８ (hachi) |
| Eric: Nine. |
| Naomi: ９ (kyū) |
| Eric: Ten. |
| Naomi: １０ (jū) |
| Eric: All right. So these are the basic numbers. What’s Lori’s room number again? |
| Naomi: ２０５ (ni zero go) |
| Eric: 205. Actually if I were to say it really correctly and precisely, it’s 205. I said O which is a letter which Japanese people do as well, right? |
| Naomi: そうですね。(Sō desu ne.) |
| Eric: But when you are saying room numbers and phone numbers and things, well phone numbers are different but room numbers and other long strings of numbers, you don’t say ゼロ (zero) all the time, don’t you? What else do you say? |
| Naomi: We say マル (maru). |
| Eric: マル (maru) which means… |
| Naomi: A circle. |
| Eric: A circle which looks a lot like a zero. So if you were to say 205 again in a different way. |
| Naomi: ニ マル ゴ (ni maru go) |
| Eric: You guys don’t have to use it. You could say ニ ゼロ ゴ (ni zero go) but if you hear someone saying ニ マル ゴ (ni maru go), just keep in mind that means 205. Anything マル (maru) could be also zero and a lot of Japanese people say it. So keep that in mind. Okay, we are done with numbers for now but we are going to go over them in detail in lesson 11. So stay tuned for that. |
| Naomi: お願いします。(Onegai shimasu.) |
| Eric: お願いします。(Onegai shimasu.) |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Eric: Okay, what’s today’s grammar point, Naomi-sensei? |
| Naomi: Adjective plus noun. |
| Eric: All right and where did it come up in the conversation today between Lori and Mizuki-san? |
| Naomi: 小さい部屋ですね。(Chiisai heya desu ne.) |
| Eric: Yes it’s a small room, isn’t it? Okay so Naomi-sensei, in Japanese, there are two types of adjectives, right? |
| Naomi: い (i) ending adjectives and な (na) ending adjectives. |
| Eric: That’s right. They are classified by their endings and some end with い (i) and some end with な (na) but the ones with い (i) are pretty self explanatory because they end with い (i) but the ones that have な (na), they don’t end with な (na). You have to attach な (na) to the end. Don’t worry if you are confused now. We are going to go over all of this later and there is actually a huge list of adjectives in the PDF. So it’s pretty self explanatory. Just check it out but for now, let’s start with i-adjectives. What are some? |
| Naomi: 小さい (chiisai) |
| Eric: Small, 小さい (chiisai). It ends with い (i), the character い (i), right? |
| Naomi: はい。(Hai.) |
| Eric: To describe a small room, you just connect that with a room. Therefore |
| Naomi: 小さい部屋 (chiisai heya) |
| Eric: 小さい部屋 (chiisai heya) |
| Naomi: The word order is the same as English, right? |
| Eric: That’s right. A small room. How about it’s an old room? |
| Naomi: 古い (furui) is an adjective for old. |
| Eric: 古い (furui), another i-adjective meaning old. |
| Naomi: 古い部屋 (furui heya) |
| Eric: Let’s move on to some na-adjectives. Okay, for example. |
| Naomi: 便利 (benri) |
| Eric: Convenient and you see 便利 (benri) it doesn’t have な (na) in it, you just learn it and you just have to know that’s a na-adjective. So if you want to connect to a noun, you have to add な (na) to the end of 便利 (benri). So a very convenient room is |
| Naomi: 便利な部屋 (benri na heya) |
| Eric: 便利な部屋 (benri na heya), you just added な (na) in between the adjective and the noun. What’s another na-adjective, Naomi-sensei? |
| Naomi: 静か (shizuka) |
| Eric: Quiet. So a quiet room would be |
| Naomi: 静かな部屋 (shizuka na) |
| Eric: It’s a quiet room. |
| Naomi: Also しずか (shizuka) is a common Japanese girl’s name. |
| Eric: That’s true. Let’s give some examples, Naomi-sensei. |
| Naomi: はい。(Hai.) |
| Eric: Wow this coffee is really good. Isn’t it? |
| Naomi: 美味しい (oishii) is tasty. So 美味しいコーヒーですね (oishii kōhī desu ne.) |
| Eric: Um, tasty coffee. I could taste the beans, I could taste the roast. Well this place is inconvenient, isn’t it? |
| Naomi: Inconvenient is 不便 (fuben). |
| Eric: Okay, 不便 (fuben). |
| Naomi: And that’s a な (na) ending adjective. Place is 所 (tokoro). So 不便な所ですね (fuben na tokoro desu ne). |
| Eric: That’s an inconvenient place, isn’t it? So we learned a couple of adjectives, small. |
| Naomi: 小さい (chiisai) |
| Eric: Old. |
| Naomi: 古い (furui) |
| Eric: Convenient. |
| Naomi: 便利な (benri na) |
| Eric: Inconvenient. |
| Naomi: 不便な (fuben na) |
| Eric: Quiet. |
| Naomi: 静かな (shizuka na) |
| Eric: And when you study this by yourself, if you are studying na-adjectives, just stick the な (na) at the end so you can get used to it and if you want, start describing everything around you. Yeah, it works. |
| Naomi: Good idea. |
Outro |
| Eric: I used to do that, you know. You get on the PDF, you start looking at everything and you describe everything. 小さい時計、大きいドア。(Chiisai tokei, ōkii doa.) You know stuff like that. If you guys don’t understand what I am saying, just go to PDF, there are tons of adjectives there and start describing everything. With that, I will see you guys next time. |
| Naomi: じゃあ、また。(Jā, mata.) |
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