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Advanced Japanese Lesson – 水無月 (Month of water)

古来、日本人が使っていたカレンダーでは六月のことを「水無月」(読み方は「みなつき」、「みなづき」)と呼んでいました。漢字の意味は「水が無い月」。しかし、日本では五月から七月にかけて雨続きの天候が続きます。これが「梅雨」(「つゆ」と読みます)ですね。雨がたくさん降る月ですから「水が無い月」ではなく、「水が有る月」と表現した方がよいのに、なぜ「水が無い」という名前がついているのでしょうか。

実は、「みなつき」の「な」は「~の」という意味なのです。つまり、直訳すると「水の月」。水に縁の深い一ヶ月を指しているのです。天候もそうですが、日本ではこの季節に主食の米を育てるため、田に水を引き入れます。ここからも、水との関連がうかがえます。

さて、水無月ほど有名ではありませんが、他にも六月を表わす月の呼び方があるのを知っていますか? たとえば、「風待月」(かぜまちづき)。初夏の涼しい風を待つような一ヶ月、という意味です。ロマンチックですね。

ちなみに、「水無月」という名の和菓子もあります。これは、三角形の白い餅みたいな外郎(ういろう)の上に小豆が乗っているものです。見た目も涼しげ、甘さ控えめでおいしいですよ。

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The sixth month of the lunar calendar :

On the ancient Japanese calendar the sixth month of the year was called “Minatsuki” or “Minadzuki.” The characters mean ‘a month without water.’ But in Japan, from about May to July there are typically long periods of rainy weather called “Tsuyu” (the rainy season). With so much rainfall during this month shouldn’t it really be called ‘a watery month’? How did it get the name “Minatsuki”?

As it turns out, the “Na” in “Minatsuki” also means the same thing as the possessive “No”. With a little translation, the expression actually becomes “Month of water” – indicating a month with strong connections to water.

The weather certainly has much to do with it, but in Japan this is also the season when water is drawn into rice paddies to grow the staple crop – yet another connection to water.

Also it’s not as famous as “Minatsuki,” but have you heard of any other names for the month of June? One example is “Kaze machi tsuki” (a month waiting for wind). This refers to the heat at the beginning of summer that has people hoping for a nice cool breeze. It’s a bit romantic isn’t it?

And by the way, “Minatsuki” is also the name of a Japanese confectionary. This sweet treat is a triangular white kind of “Uirou” that looks a bit like a rice cake with red azuki beans on top. It has a cool look to it and is not too sweet but very tasty.